it brieze, fuppofes it to be derived à ginn, borror; à pill, borreo, rigeo; and we fay a cool, refreshing breeze.

BREVIARY Beaxus, brevis, breviarium; an BRIEF Sabridgement, or short account. BREW, Beaw, ferveo, bullio; to boil, ferment, mix together: see BRUE. Gr.

BREWESS; "Sax. bɲip, jufculum; et hoc à verbo bɲipan, coquere; et hinc Teut. brey-puls; pappa, pulmentum: Skinn."-then they may all be derived à Bealw, ferveo, bullio; to boil, cook, er dress any thing by boiling.

BRIAR,

cule," fays Skinn. "credo autem à Sax. bɲæp; contractum à bɲeacen; verbali verbi bɲeacan; frangere; idque quia frangit, i. e. lacerat tum cutem, tum veftes"-but fill he has not got rid of the Gr. for we have already seen that BREAK is of Gr. extract.

BRIDE

DOM}

Bguev, fcaturire, plenum. BRIDE-GROOMS effe; unde Eußovov, infans, vel fætus adhuc implens, vel diftendens uterum : Jun."-who has from this word Bguer deduced the Sax. bryd, and bridguma; Belg. bruydegome; and Alman. bruti-gomo; i. e. fponfa vir; nam Luma, eft vir: Lye."-but then according to this orthogr. it ought to be written bride, and bride-gume; which feems to originate à raμew,

uxorem duco: it is remarkable that Cafaub. calls the bride-groom, waglevo-yaußgos, but that is, proπαρθενο-γαμβρος, perly speaking, the bride's-brother; fo that if he Boiagos, validus: Cafaub."-" ridi-imagined bride-groom was but a tranflation of Пagbevo-yaußgos, he was mistaken; at least he has Παρθενο-γαμβρος, great antiquity against him. Verftegan supposes. the Sax. bryd-guman to be only an abreuation of bryde good man, or the good man of the bryde ;but this will not account for the appearance of ther in the word groom; and yet in the very art. brydgrome he calls him the groome of the bryd; becaufe on the marriage day he ferueth, and waiteth on the table of the bryde: fince therefore we always write it, and pronounce it bride-groom, we may rather adopt Skinn. interpr. noftrum autem bride-groom fatis manifefte oritur à dicto bride, and groom; quia fc. fponfus, die nuptiarum fponfa faltem fecundùm morem noftrum infervit ;" as Verft. juft now faid: fee GROOM. Gr.

BRIBE;" fufpicor defumptum ex Beaßrvey, præmium certaminis, vel opera navate tribuere: Caufaub. and Jun." "Beaßov, præmium; muneribus corrumpere; qui enim judicem muneribus follicitant fummâ importunitate, ejus gratiam ambiunt, et venantur: Skinn." an illicit offering a reward, or premium.

BRICHOE, brittle near as this word brichoe was to Boaxus; Ray would not inform us it was of Gr. origin. BRICK, "Bouxa, tegula; a tile, or brick: Nu-word," fays Clel. Voc. 179, gent:"-this Bouxa must be a word of the Dr's. own coining; for there is none fuch to be found in any of our lexicons:-neither Jun. nor Skinn. will allow brick to be of Greek origin: the latter indeed allows, that fecundum Menagium, it may be derived ab imbrex; imbrex it is true is Lat. for a gutter-tile; and may perhaps fignify a brick likewife; but imbrex plane perfuafum habeo, fays Voff. effe ab Oußgos quod ipfum aga To our peew dictum, quafi Ouopoos, elifa duobus locis vocali, et inferto b; quemadmodum monet etymologus; qui et alia duo etyma addit; fed duriora: tegulæ quoque cavata, et femirotundæ ab imbre appellantur imbrices; quòd accipiant, arceantque imbres; because they receive and carry off the rain water, during violent showers.

BR-IDE-WELL. "How disfigured is this "from bar-reichthell, or ball; the bead ball of the precint:"confequently all Gr.: fee BAR, REICHT, and HALL. Gr.

the

BRIDLE, “ Bgving, Æol. for Pulng, retinaculum, habena; a rein; where B fupplies the placeof a digamma: Nug."-but as we obferved before, under the art. BORDER, though Æolians fometimes used the digamma F, and fometimes the B, before a vowel; yet what Hederic obferves is very juft; "Ayappa, duplex Δίγαμμα, gamma; Æolica litera; figura et vi fimilis Latinæ F; fic dicta, quòd duorum r fibi fuper impofitorum formam gerat: F." See Voffius on the art. VIS: or the art.. VENGEANCE. Gr.

BRIEZE
BRIMSEE

BRIZE

Beepe, fremere, grave murmur edere; ita denominatus eft tabanus, vel afilus, vel oeftron; et Sax. bɲemman; fremere, rudere; a loud buzzing gad-fly: Vir-in his Third Geo. v. 146, has described it thus: Eft lucos Silari circa, ilicibufque virentem Plurimus Alburnum volitans (cui nomen Afilo Romanum eft; oeftron Graii vertêre vocantes) Afper, acerba fonans :

BRICK-bat the former, according to Skinn. BRICK-brack is explained by "later ad feriendum: Th. Henshaw dictum putat à noftro brick,gil, feu Fr. Gall. brique, et Fr. Gall. bout; extremitas "the latter feems to be a brick-brack, because it is a broken-brick; and confequently will originate ab Ομβρος-βραχυς.

BRIDAS; "birdes; properly young fowles: Verft."-but BIRDS are Gr..

and Shakespear, in his Antony and Cleopatra,. A& III. fc. 7, fpeaking of the fea-fight off Actium,

and

and the flight of Antony and Cleopatra from that engagement, makes Scarus fay,

Sca. On our fide (the fight appears) like the
tokend peftilence,

Where death is fure:-Yon ribauld nag of Egypt,
(Whom leprofy o'ertake,) i'th' midft o'th' fight,
The brieze upon her, like a cow in June,
Hoifts fail, and flies.

BRINE: "fortaffe fic dictum eft quafi pyrine añо To Пugos, quòd nimia falfugo os, inftar ignis, adurat: Jun." a falt pickle; pungent, and sharp: we might rather with Clel. Voc. 85, fuppofe that brine was but another dialect for marine, mrine, brine; for the m, and the b, tranfmute: but then marine is moft probably Gr..

BRINE it hither; "various dialect for bring it hither: Ray."-Gr. as next art.

T४

had the ingenious editor of Hudibras but known, and confidered these two paffages, we fhould not BRING. “Sax. bɲingan; Alman; pringen; have had fuch falfe orthogr. and fuch falfe anno-Teut. brengan; per epenth. r n factum ex tation-writing on the two firft lines of the fecond Пagexev, præbere, afferre: Jun." canto, part III. as he has there exhibited: Butler begins that canto thus:

The learned write an infect breeze Is but a mungrel prince of bees, That falls before a ftorm on cows, And ftings the founders of his houfe: on which the learned editor in his note obferves, that "breezes often bring along with them great quantities of infects, which fome are of opinion are generated from viscous exhalations in the air; but our author makes them proceed from a cow's dung; and afterwards become a plague to that whence it received its original:"-what learned ftuff! what falfe philofophy! Butler is not speaking of breezes of wind, that bring infects along with them: he means, and fays, an infect breeze, or as it ought rather to have been printed an infect, brieze; meaning that infect, which is called a brieze, is but a mungrel prince of bees, because like them, fome think they are produced (not as this learned annotator fuppofes, from a cow's dung, but as Virgil supposes) from the dead carcafe of a cow: which equivocal generation is as falfe as the former.

BRINK: Sax. bɲecan; frangere ; locus præceps, prærupius; à Bgaxus, brevis; broken precipice.

BRISK; "fatis feliciter alludit Gr. Aße, apud Hefych. quod exponit Eygnyogws, i. e. vigilanter; hoc ab A, non; et Bew, dormio; et certe Galli pro noftro briskman aiunt un homme efveillè; homo experrectus: Skinn."-lively, vigilant, and wakeful: Cafaub. with great fagacity, derives brisk à Epgiyaw, turgeo; item vegetus fum, et corpore bene habito; ut qui in flore funt atatis; Eqgiywyns τns

as, florente et geftiente ætate: to be in the vigor of life: which latter deriv. ought rather to be preferred: fee FRISK. Gr.

BRISKET: "pellus cafi animalis; q. d. breftket; terminatio ket minuit: Skinn."-confequently Gr.: fee BREAST. Gr.

BR-IST-OL 1" bar-ift-ol; bead-fanctuary-colBR-IST-OW lege, bill, or wood; and bar-iftow; head-fan&tuary-town, or river: Clel. Voc. 72.n." BRI-TAIN; without following other etymol. let me attend only to Clel. who has told us, Way. 54, that the terminations "tan, tain, tania, and tannia, all fignify land, or country; as in Mauri tania, Lufi-tania, Aqui-tania:" this however does not give us any reafon why tan, or tania, fhould fignify land, any more than water; the reafon feems to be because Tavaos fignifies

BRIM as a fow; "dicitur de fue marem appetente;" fays Skinn. "unâ voce fubare: nefcio an à Sax. brýne, ardor, aftus; q. d. maximo cum aftu, ut folent ifta animalia, in venerem pru-protenfus, extentus; à Tavuw, à Tavw, extendo; the rire"--from which, we might fuppofe it came from the fame root with brine; which, fi fatis Græcus effem, continues the Dr. declinarem à Bouw, fcaturio, deffluo, circumfluo, plenus fum; q. d. Boua: et fane, quid mari plenius?-but BRINE takes rather a different origin; as we fhall fee prefently, under that art. but ftill it is Gr.

BRIM-STONE, Пende, incendere; to burn; quafi BREN-fione; a flone that will burn; by changing into B; and then by contraction: Upt."-this word is evidently derived from the Greek, through the Sax. bpyne-rtan, quafi brennflone, or burning-flone; becaufe it is fo very inflammable, we may therefore rather derive it à Пug, ignis; unde uro; Aol. buro; unde buftum, uftum; to burn, or bren.

proper epithet of the earth, before mankind were acquainted with the ocean: he then proceeds, and tells us, that "i in the original language fignified an island: then there remains no more than Br, which prefents no fenfe in any known language, either ancient or modern; but if you allow a liberty of judgment, to reftore the elliptic vowel o, the word, without any violence, will give Bor-i, or the Northern-ifland; thence Bori-tannia, contracted to Bri-tannia:"-after this gentleman has thus given the jufteft deriv, of the name of our country, it is a wonder he did not go one ftep farther, and tell us, that Bori, Cori, Cauri, all fignify the. Northern regions; from Bogeas, Boreas; the North wind; on account of the violent, bluftering, and cold winds, that generally blow

from

BRITTLE, quafi brickle; à break:-confequently Gr. : fee BREAK. Gr.

BoExw, made

from that quarter: this wonder is the greater, because he himself has added, "it is on the foot of this etym. that the Druids, among their va* BROACH, or peirce a barrel; " rious appellations, had that of Boreada, or per-facio, irrigo; to pour out; because a barrel, when haps better written Bor-ei-ade; North-iflanders." breached, pours out its contents: Nug."-this deriv. There is only another deriv. of the name of is very doubtful; because the word broach is not Britain, that deferves to be produced, from the folely applicable to pouring out, as the word learned Bochart, who tells us, that "Britain is a Beex is, which can never be tortured fo far as name given to this ifland by the Phoenicians, to fignify transfigere; to peirce; which is the sense when they trafficked hither for tin, calling it Barat-of our word broach: it has been referred rather to anac; the land of Tin, contracted afterwards to the Sax. Alph. Bratanac; and then again foftened into Britannia :"-this however could not have been the first appellation of our inland; because we can hardly fuppofe that the Phoenicians were the people who difcovered those mines, which undoubtedly had been opened by the inhabitants themfelves, for ages before the Phoenicians came hither to purchase that article: Cleland's derivation therefore seems to be more probable.

If we follow the deriv. of Sammes, we muft

wide: fee A-BROAD. Gr.
BROAD; Пalus, latus, amplus; large, ample,

fequently derived from BREAK. Gr.
BROCK, fragments, or broken meat; and con-

foregoing art.: now it feems to be derived from
BROCK, or break wind; but not from the
Beaxw, fono, ructo; to make a noife with the throat.

BROGLE for eels; "Fr. Gall. Brouiller; perturbare, confundere; quia fc. in aquâ perturbata, et corfufâ, anguillæ facilius capiuntur: Skinn."there certainly can be no objection to this deriv.: the fame root with PROG; quafi progle in the dirt, only let me observe, that brogle may come from in the mud and if fo, it would be Gr.

BROIDER, "Xuga, ora; vel ab Ogos, terminus,

gere, plumare, opere Phrygio variare Gall. broder; Belg. bordueren; tanquam fit à bord, vel boord; ora, extremitas, veftium limbus; quoniam tunicarum extremitates ut plurimum opere Phrygio. diftinguebant veteres: Jun." fine needle-work, wrought on the borders, or extremities of robes, &c.

BROIL, or tumult; "Fr. Gall. Brouiller; perturbare, confundere; to disturb, or cause any confufion; and confequently may be derived from the fame root with BROGLE, just above mentioned: or perhaps broil, and coil, meaning the fame thing, may take the fame deriv.: i. e. still Gr.

trace the name of our inland from the Phoenicians, who, he fays, 39, firft difcovered this country in the year of the world 3256, i. e. 748, bef. Chr. and named it Barat-anac, contracted to Bratanac. 41.-as to the former part of this compound Brat, it may be Phoenician, to fignify tin; but that the latter part anac, p. 43, fhould fig-limes, limbus; a border; hence broider; acu pinnify tin among the Phoenicians, may be very much doubted, fince all our etymol. contend that the termination tania, in Britania, or rather, as Sammes himself afferts, in p. 42, ana, is a frequent termination of countries in the world as Germ-ania, Pomer-ania, Tranfylv-ania, Rom-ania; Now if, as he acknowledges, ania is the fame as anac, and anac fignifies tin, then all thofe countries which have the fame termination must have been as famous for tin as Britain and the Caffiterides; which I believe no hiftorian will allow it might therefore be more proper to fuppofe with the etymol. that tania, or rather indeed ania, fignifies country, or region; and then it might originate from Ava, rex; unde Avarow, rego, unde regnum, unde regio; a region, country, or diftria, famous for barat, tin: and from hence may be derived our name Brit-ania; compounded of half Phoenician, and half Greek, i. e. the Greek avat may be derived from the Phoenician anac. BRITTEN-beef: Ray in his preface tells us, that " britten-beef fignifies to break the bones of it; from the Sax. brittan, frangere :"-but brittan, was fo very near to brittle; and brittle to brickle; and brickle to brackle; and brackle to break; and break to Beaxvs, brevis; short, or broken into fhort pieces; that it is a wonder he did not fee tle Sax. was vifibly defcended from the Gr.

BROKER; Пallw, πεñę¤×α, præt. med. #gaya, inter alia fignificat tracto, pararii, feu proxeneta vice fungor; tranfigo pro aliquem: "eft et Пgalw, pro gaw, vel Heaσx, ex quo præt. Tengaxa, vndidi: Jun." "a factor; an agent for another: Cafaub."

BROOCH, or, as it is fometimes written, bruche, and brouche; à Booyxos, guttur, collum; fc. monile, torques, aurea catena: "à collo namque iftiufmodi ornamentorum denominatio potiffimum defumpta eft: Jun."-a necklace, chain, or locket, worn about the neck, arm, &c.

BROOD; Bouw, pullulo; to bring forth young;

to batch.

BROOK, to bear, endure; "à Bouxw, Вewnaw, edo, digerere, concoquere rem aliquam animo gravem: Cafaub." ita aiunt Latini devorare miferias; devo

rare

rare tædium, Avxyxopxyev, to digeft any affront, bear | Verst. Jun. and Skinn. we may rather suppose, that our word brother was defcended from the any misfortune. Sax. broden; Theotifc. bruother; Belg. broeder; Dan. broder; Teut. bruder; "credo hæc omnia, fays Skinn. " deflexa à verbo to breed; q. d. fotus, i. e. educatus, partus; of the fame brood"— only the Dr. ought not to have ftopt there; for breed, and brood, undoubtedly originate à Bouw, pullulo; as he has himself acknowledged under the art. BROOD. Gr.

BROOK, or rivulet; "Beva, Æol. pro 'Pux, a rivulet, or small stream: Cafaub." "vel à Box", pluvia; rain; quòd iftiufmodi rivuli ex repentino imbre collecti, ejufdem pluvia impetu intumefcant, et concitentur: Jun." and yet neither of these deriv. can fo properly be called the root, as the branches of the verbs Berxw, or 'Pew: and therefore Upton has more properly derived a brook, or rivulet, from Berxw, Bßgoxa, to wet, or moiften.

BROOM, Box, brya; a small shrub, with twigs, like birch; of which they make brushes, brooms, &c. BROT; " Sax. Lebnote; fragmenta panis; offals: Ray."-then we might fuppofe it was derived either from Bewlov, cibus, esca, panis; bread: or elfe from Beaxus, brevis ; broken; as when we fay, broken bread, broken meat, &c.

BROTH," Belov, vinum bordeaceum: Upt." barley wine; properly beer, or any kind of liquid, boiled with feveral ingredients, in order to foup: Cafaubon and Junius derive our word broth" à Bpulov, efca, cibus"-but none of thofe words were ever applied before to liquid foods. Skinn. derives broth, à Sax. bɲod; and that word à bɲipan, coquere :-then it seems but natural to derive them all à Bea¿w, ferveo, bullio; to boil, cook, or dress any thing by boiling.

BROUSE, Bewonw, pafco; to feed on shrubs ; &c. BROW of the eyes (Deovis, vel govlis, frons, tis; BROW of a bill the forebead: Skinn. quotes Cafaub. for deriving brow ab Opgus, fupercilium ; and Jun. had made the fame obfervation; atque inde liquet reliqua derivata effe per aphæref. primæ fyllabæ, quasi gua, vel Bgua, a brow: and we may rather adopt this latter deriv.

BROWN; "Sax. et Fr. Gall. brun; Belg. bruyn; Teut. braun; Ital. bruno; fuscus; videri poffunt corrupta ex Пuppov, rufum, rubeum ; quandoquidem colores ifti funt vicini: Jun." dark red; bordering on black. Ciel. Voc. 85, fays, that "by enallage of b for m, we have our word brown; as the French their brun, and brunet, from morwin; fomewhat black, or tending to black: but mor feems to be only a contraction of mor-tuus, i. e. à Mag-a, mors; death, deadly, difmal, gloomy, black; and win is only a diminutive, the fame as wee; ab E-λacowv, minor: so that morwin, or borwin, contracted to brown, fignifies a fhade of black, or

BROTHEL; "by transposition à Fr. Gall. bordel, vel bordeau; Ital. bordello; lupanar; ex bord; margo; et eau; aqua; quia lupanaria ad ripas fluminis etiam apud Romanos olim conftrueban-fomewhat black. tur: Skinn."-fhould this deriv. be right, both BORDer, and eau, are Gr.

BRUE,"to brue, or brew; from Belov, beer when brewd: Athenæus, lib. X. c. 13, TOU DE BROTHER; any person would fuppofe from xgitivov oivov, nai BPYTON tives xaλrow: vinum borthe termination of the Greek words IIal-ng, pater; deaceum BRUTON nonnulli vocant: et hinc broth: Mn-ng, mater; Ovyal-ng, filia; that our word bro- Upt."-befides this fenfe, we have another, in ther was defcended from the Greek, through the which the word brue is fometimes taken; viz. to Latin word frater, derived from galng, curialis; mix, or pour two liquors together; and then it and Cafaubon and Upton are of that opinion; feems to take its origin from Beuw, fcateo, fundo, though indeed the former acknowledges that et fcatere facio; to bubble, like a Spring; to scatter, “Ogalwg, vel Dgalng apud Græcos magis generale pour, flow: unless we chufe to derive it with verbum, quam vel frater apud Latinos, vel bro- Skinn. from Doguw, mifceo; to mingle, or mix tother apud Anglos; quæ tamen ex ifto commu-gether: tho' perhaps it might rather be derived à niore verbo manâffe nemo dubitat;"-but if no Boaw; bullio; to boil. body had doubted it before his time, we must de- BRUISE, 'Pnyvvw, 'Pnyvvui, frango; to break, or fire leave to diffent now from this great man's opi- bruife: we may rather fuppofe with Jun. that nion in this art. for gang in Greek does not fig-bruife was derived à Пew, feco; nifi propius acnify brother; but one qui eft in curia ejufdem con- cederet ad illud Beige, quod Hefych. exponit fortio; one who enjoys the privileges of the fame Zes, ftringendo premit, impetum facere; to attack tribe; or as we may fay, one of the fame brother- with violence. bood, confraternity, calling, trade; but Adapos is properly Greek for a brother by birth, or confanguinity, or the being defcended from the fame parents: and therefore it may rather be derived from the Greek, through a Northern channel; for with

BRUIT, Beeuw, fremo, fremuit, quafi bremuit, unde bruit; to make any loud noife; to report abroad: vel à Beovn, tonitru; thunder; and here ufed figuratively to fignify fame, that is published to all the world. Cafaub, 203, has fhewn that the Greeks

had