ADRED, adv. Downright, from Fr. adroit, or droit, and this from Lat. directus, Rudd. ADREICH, adv. Behind, at a distance. To follow adreich, to follow at a considerable distance, S. B.

"The more he standis a dreich fra it, he heris ay the better." Bellend. Descr. Alb. c. 6. Remotissime, Boeth,

Skinner mentions adrigh, quoting these words, although without any reference:

"The King's Doughter, which this sigh,

For pure abashe drew her adrigh.'

They occur in Gower's Conf. Fol. 70. It is evidently the same word, explained by Skinner, Prae mero metu se è conspectu subduxit. He erroneously derives it from A.-S. drif-an, adrif-an, pellere. V. DREICH. ADREID, conj. Lest.

And tho for feir I swet

Of hir langage; bot than anone said scho,
List thou se farlies, behald thame yonder lo,
Yit studie nocht ouir mekill adreid thow warie,
For I persaue the halflings in ane farie.

Palice of Honour, iii. st. 65. Mr. Pinkerton in his Gl. renders warie in the two senses of get worse and curse. Adreid is undoubtedly the imperat. of A.-S. adraed-an, timere, used as a conj. Reed is used in the same sense, S. B. V. Reed, v. and conj.

ADRESLY, adv. With good address.
Of gret pepil the multitude

On ilke sid, that thare by stud,
Commendyt heily his affere,
His aporte, and his manere,
As he hym hawyt adresly,

And his court taucht sa vertuously,
As he resemlyd a Lord to be

Of hey state and of reawte.

Wyntown, ix. 27, 317.

ADVERTENCE, ADUERTANCE, 8. 1. Retinue.

The king is into Paris, that sall I warrand,
And all his aduertance that in his court dwellis.
Rauf Coilyear, C. j. b.

2. Adherents, abettors, advisers.

"In the hender end of the quhilk counsall they blewe out on Schir William of Crechtoun, and Schir George of Crechtoun, and thar advertence." Short Chron. of Ja. II. p. 36.

Fr. advert-ir, to give advice.

To ADVISE, v. a. To Advise a Cause, or Process, to deliberate so as to give judgment on it; a forensic phrase, S.

-"And desyrit the estatis to aduise the process, and to pronounce thair sentence of parliament thairintill according to the saidis probationis and thair consciencis." Acts Ja. VI. 1593, Ed. 1814, p. 9.

"And desyrit the saidis estaitis of parliament to adwise the depositionis of the saidis witnessis and vtheris probationis, and to pronunce thair sentence," &c. Ibid. p. 11.

L. B. advis-are does not seem to have been used actively, merely signifying, consulere, deliberare. TO BE ADUYSIT with. To be ready to give judgment, in consequence of deliberate investigation.

"The haill wreittis and probationis being red, sene & considderit be the saidis haill estaitis of parliament, -and thay thairwith being ryiplie aduysit,—findis, decernis," &c. Ibid. p. 11.

To ADVOCATE, v. n. To plead; sometimes used actively, S., as to advocate a cause; Lat. advocare.

"For men seldom advocate against Satan's work and sin in themselves, but against God's work in them. selves." Ruth. Lett. P. ii. ep. 2.

ADVOUTRIE, ADVOUTRY, 8. Adultery.

"She allso procured hym to be devorced from his leeful wiff, uppon a charging of hymself, that he had lived in frequent advoutry, specially with one Lady Reress." Anderson's Coll., IV. P. I, p. 101. O. Fr. advoultrerie, advoutire, &c. V. AVOUTERIE.

To ADURNE, v. a. To adore; the same with Adorne.

"Gif ye deny Christis humanitie, be ressoun of the inseparable conjunctioun thairof with his divinitie, to be adurnit; ye ar alrady confundit by the exemple of the thre kingis quha adurnit him in the crib, and be exemple of utheris also in the Evangel." N. Winyet's Questionis, Keith's Hist. App. p. 238.

He's gane, he's gane! he's frae us torn,
The ae best fellow e'er was born!

Burns's Elegy on Capt. Henderson, iii. 426. "Come to my hand, thou lang taper spearment-the half o' thy virtue has never been kent. Thou art the ae saftest thing a hizzie fond o' daffin can sew in the hem o' her smock." Blackw. Mag. Aug. 1820, p. 513. It has been justly observed to me by a literary friend, that this use of the S. word resembles that of Lat. unus.

cause of its steepness, in which only one furrow can be drawn, as the plough always returns without entering the soil, Selkirks., Clydes.

AE-FUR-BRAE, a synon. phrase, ibid.
AE-HAUN'T, adj. Single-handed, S. O.

"They wadna be a jiffy o' gripping ye like a gled, they're no sae ae-haun't.' Saint Patrick, i. 220. q. having "one hand."

AE-POINTIT-GAIRSS, 8. Sedge-grass, a species of carex, Lanarks.; i.e. single-pointed grass.

The reason why this tribe of plants is denominated Ae-pointit Gairss, is because the points of its blades are sharper and much more stiff than those of rich succulent grass.

"Na man sall buy herring, or any fish, quhilk is brocht in the shippe to the towne, before the ship ly on dry land, and put forth an aer.' Stat. Gild. ch. 22. s. 1. V. AIR.

AFALD, AFAULD, AEFAULD, adj.
Honest, upright, without duplicity.

Tharefore, my derest fader, I the pray,
Do al sic doutis of suspitioun away;
Gif ony sic thochtis restis in thy mynd,
And traistis wele Enee afald and kynd.

1.

Doug. Virgil, 471, 39. "It is auisit and sene speidfull, that the said counsall now chosin in this present Parliament be sworne in the Kingis presence & his thre Estatis, to gif his hienes a trew and afald counsall in all maters concerning his Maiestie and his Realme." Acts Ja. IV. 1489, c. 28. Edit. 1566.

"We faithfullie and solemnelie swear and promeis, to tak a trew aefauld and plain pairt with His Majestie and amangis oure selfis, for diverting of the appearand danger threatned to the said religion, and His Majesties estate and standing depending thairupon.' Band of Maintenance, Coll. of Conf. ii. 109, 110.

Afald Godhede, ay lesting but discrepance,
In personis thre, equale of ane substance,
On the I cal with humyl hart and milde.

Doug. Virgil, 11, 27. The term is still commonly used in the first sense, and pronounced as if written aefald, S. From a one, and fald fold. V. the letter A. This composition, in the same sense, is common in the Northern languages; Moes-G. ainfalth, simplex, Matt. 6, 22. Isl. einfauld; Sw. enfaldig, A.-S. anfeald, Alem. and Franc. einfalta, einfaltihho, Germ. einfalt, Belg. eenvoudig, (vouw, a fold); q. having only one fold. The formation of Lat. simplex differs, as denying the existence of any fold, sine plica. V. ANEFALD.

"James Erll of Mortoun-maid fayth and gaif his ayth-that he sould gif his aufauld, leill, and trew counsall in all thingis sould happin to be proponit in counsale." Acts Ja. VI. 1579, Ed. 1814, p. 121.

It is also written Awfall and Effauld.

"That the said Williame-sall tak awfall, trew, and plane part with him and his foirsaidis in all and sindre his and thair actionis, quarrellis," &c. Acts Ja. VI. 1592, Ed. 1814, p. 624.

"Wee, and everie ane of us—sall tak trew, effauld, plane and upricht pairt with him, to the defence and mantenance of his quarrell," &c. Bond to Bothwell, 1567, Keith's Hist. p. 381.

AFAST, adj.

I wrot him back, that ye yeed aff frae me,
Wi' time enough at hame in time to be;
And in gueed heal, and seem'd as sair agast
To hear the news, and fairly'd as a fast.
This took him by the stammack very sair, &c.
Ross's Helenore, p. 34.

This cannot signify, wondered as fast; i. e. wondered as much as the other did. In first edit. it is, "fairly'd assa fast." It appears, that this is a phrase used in the higher parts of Angus, the literal meaning of which the author himself did not understand; and therefore that he hesitated as to the mode of writing it. There can be little reason to doubt that as afast is the proper mode; or that it is radically the same with A.-S. aewfaest, juris, legis, religionis tenax, religiosus, Lye, vo. Faest; from aew, jus, lex, and faest, firmus. The idea seems borrowed from one who is under the influence of religious terror; as corresponding with the preceding term agast, or aghast, not improbably deduced from a [perhaps rather A.-S. on], and gast spectrum, q. ter. rified like one who has seen a spectre. The idea might seem more fully expressed, did we suppose that A.-S. ege, oga, terror, whence E. awe, had constituted the first syllable. But I have met with no example of ege faest. In this case, the literal signification would be, "fixed," or rivetted with awe.

AFALDLY, adv. Honestly, uprightly.

"The faderis, for fere of the Tarquinis, intertenit the pepill with continual benefactis and gudis, to mak thame stand the mair afaldly at thair opinioun." Bellend. T. Liv. p. 137.

Warly thai raid, and held thar horss in aynd,
For thai trowide weyll Sotheron wald afgand
With haill power at anys on thaim to sett:
Bot Wallace kest thair power for to lett.

Wallace, v. 874. MS. Perth Edit. id. But in Edit. 1648, it is changed to offend. A.-S. afandian, tentare, to prove or make trial; Somn. R. of Brunne uses feende in the same sense; immediately from A.-S. fand-ian, id.

AFF, adv. 1. Off.

с

But thinkna, man, that I'll be set af sae, For I'll hae satisfaction ere I gae.

Ross's Helenore, p. 81. As to this particle, the S. corresponds with most of the Northern dialects; Moes-G., Su.-G., and Isl. af, Alem. ab, Dan. af, Belg. af, id. G. Andr. and Jun. derive it from Gr. aro, which, before a word beginning with an aspirate, is ap'. Ihre observes from Priscianus, that in Old Lat. af was used for ab, as in the Laws of the Twelve Tables. Sei Pater filiom ter venum duit, af patre liber estod.

Af at the knot, lunatic, S. B. Gl. Shirr., perhaps from the idea of a joint being dislocated.

Af or on. It is desired that one should be either af or on, that he should determine one way or another; as in merchandise, that he should either strike the bargain, or entirely break it off. Aff and on. Those who lodge on the same floor are said to be aff and on. A sick person is also said to be aff and on as he was, when there is no discernible difference in his situation. Su.-G. af och on is used in a different sense, as denoting an unsettled state, ultrocitroque, Ihre.

2. Aff and on as he was, situation.

This use of the phrase, however, does not seem quite accurate. It appears to be more strictly applicable to a fluctuating state, as perhaps intimating that there is no permanent change, notwithstanding the occasional variations of the disease.

3. It is equivalent to E..unsteady, vacillating, as regarding conduct, S.

This adv. is also used with the addition of about.

66

Aff and on about, pretty much about; as, Aff and on about twenty," i.e. twenty or thereabout, S. AFF, prep. From, off, as denoting lineage,

S.

"I could show ye letters frae his father, that was the third aff Glenstrae, to my father," &c. Rob Roy, ii. 233.

AFF ANE'S FIT, weakly, or unfit for any work; as, "I never saw him sae sair aff his fit [foot] as now," S.

AFFCAST, 8. A castaway.

"In the minde, in the hart and conscience of him that hes sa smored and oppressed his faith, it will oft times come to pas in his awin judgement, hauing his eies fixt on him self onlie; that he will thinke him to be a reprobate, to be ane affcast, and neuer able to recouer mercie." Bruce's Serm. on the Sacr. 1590. Sign. T. 4, b.

AFFCOME, 8. 1. The termination of any business, the reception one meets with; as, "I had an ill affcome," I came off with an ill grace, I was not well received.

2. It is also sometimes used in the sense of escape; S. Su.-G. Afkomst, reditus; from af of, and komm-a, to come.

"I houp we'll hae a gude affcome."-"I'm for the good oncome,—a fear for the affcome." Tennant's Card. Beaton, p. 156.

3. An evasive excuse, or something foreign to the subject of discourse; hedging; as, "That's a puir affcome," S.

AFFECTIOUN, 8. Relationship, consanguinity; or affinity.

"That na persone offerit to pass vpoun assyississalbe repellit quhan thai attene to the partie aduersar in the lyke or nerrar greis of that same sort of affeclioun." Acts Ja. VI. 1567, Ed. 1814, p. 44.

L. B. Affectus, filii, consanguinei, uxor, nepotes, &c. Caritates dixit Ammianus Marcellinus. V. Du Cange. The use of the term is evidently metaphorical, froin that tenderness of affection which ought to subsist between those who are nearly related.

AFFEIRING, adv. In relation or proportion; as, "It's no sae ill affeiring to," said of any work done by a person who could not have been expected to do it so well, Ettr. For. V. AFFERIS, EFFEIRS, v.

AFF-FA'INS, 8. pl. Scraps, castings, S.

"Her kist was well made up wi' aff-fa'ins." H. Blyd's Contract.

What has fallen off. Sw. affall-a, to fall off.

AFFERD, part. pa. Afraid.

There is na drede that sall mak vs afferd. Doug. Virgil, 30, 17. Chaucer, affered, aferde. A.-S. afaered, id. The worl is still used by the vulgar in E.

AFFERIS, EFFEIRS, v. impers. 1. Becomes, belongs to, is proper or expedient.

The kynryk yharn I nocht to have,
Bot gyff it fall off rycht to me:
And gyff God will that it sa be,

I sall als frely in all thing
Hald it, as it afferis to king;
Or as myn eldris forouch me
Hald it in freyast rewaté.

Barbour, i. 162 MS. In the same sense this term frequently occurs in our laws.

"It is sene speidfull, that restitutioun be maid of victuallis, that passis to Berwyk, Roxburgh, and Ing. land vnder sic panis, as effeiris." Acts Ja. IV. 1456. c. 67. Edit. 1566. V. ABULYEIT.

2. It is sometimes used as signifying what is proportional to, S.

"That the diet be deserted against all Resetters, they taking the Test, and such as will not,-that these be put under caution under great sums effeir ing to their condition and rank, and quality of their crimes, to appear before the Justices at particular diets." Act Council, 1683. ap. Wodrow, ii. 318. Rudd. thinks that it may be derived from Fr. af. faire, business, work. But it is evidently from O. Fr. affiert, an impersonal v. used precisely in sense first. V. Cotgr. Affierta, conviendra; n' affiert, ne convient pas; vous affert, il vous convient. Rom. de la Rose. The author of the Gl. to this old book says, that the term is still used in Flanders. “Afferir, vieux mot. Appartenir. On a dit, Ce qui lui affiert, pour dire, Ce qui lui convient." Dict. Trev. It needs scarcely be added, that the Fr. v. has evidently been derived from Lat. affero, from ad and fero. Accords is now frequently used in the same sense in law-deeds. V. EFFEIR, v.

AFFECTUOUS, adj. Affectionate.

"We aucht to lufe our self and sa our nichtbour, with ane affectuous & trew lufe vnfenyetly." Abp.

Quhen the King left had the spering, Hys charge to the gud King tauld he. And he said, he wad blythly se

Hys brothyr, and se the affer
Off that cuntré, and of thar wer.

Barbour, xvi. 27. MS.
.Fele tymes in haisty effere for drede
The portis vesy thay, gif ocht war nede.
Doug. Virgil, 280, 38.

2. Warlike preparation, equipment for war.

To Schortwode Schawe in haist thai maid thaim boun,
Chesyt a strenth, quhar thai thar lugyng maid :
In gud affer a quhill thar still he baid.

Wallace, iv. 514. MS. Effeir, Edit. 1648.

Erll Patrik, with xx thousand, but lett,
Befor Dunbar a stalwart sege he sett.-
Thai tald Wallace off Patrikis gret affer.
Thai said, Forsuth, and ye mycht him our set,
Power agayne rycht sone he mycht nocht get.
Wallace, viii. 166. MS.

3. Appearance, show.

And syne to Scone in hy raid he,.
And wes maid king but langer let,
And in the kingis stole wes set:
As in that tyme wes the maner.

Bot off thair noble gret affer,
Thar seruice, na thair realté,

Ye sall her na thing now for me.

Barbour, ii. 182. MS.

1.

It has perhaps the same sense, as restricted to military appearance, in the following passage:

Harnest on horss in to thair armour cler,
To seik Wallace thai went all furth in feyr;
A thousand men weill garnest for the wer,
Towart the wode, rycht awfull in affer.
Wallace, iv. 528. MS.

4. Demeanour, deportment.

That fre answered with fayr ajeir,

And said, "Schir, mercie for your mycht!
Thus man I bow and arrowis beir,

Becaus I am ane baneist wycht."

Murning Maiden, Maitland Poems, p. 207. This word seems to have no affinity with the preceding v., and as little with Fr. affaire, business. It is to all appearance radically the same with Fair, fere, q. v.

AFFGATE, 8. A mode of disposing of, an outlet; applied to merchandize; an affgate for goods, Loth.; perhaps rather affget, q. to get off.

AFFHAND, used as an adj. 1. Plain, honest, blunt, given to free speaking, S.; affin-hand, Ang. From aff and hand.

This word is also used adverbially in the same sense with E. off hand, without premeditation.

Wer't my case, ye'd clear it up aff-hand.
Ramsay's Poems, ii. 154.
-Ah! Symie, rattling chiels ne'er stand-
To cleck, and spread the grossest lies aff-hand.

2. Forthwith, without delay, Loth.

-Ere they flinch they will affhand

Ibid. p. 88.

E'en gae their ways. The Har'st Rig, st. 108.

AFFLUFE, AFF LOOF, adv. 1. Without book, off hand. To repeat anything afflufe, is to deliver it merely from memory, without having a book in one's hand, S.

2. Extempore, without premeditation, S.
How snackly could he gi'e a fool reproof,
Een wi' a canty tale he'd tell af loof!

Ramsay's Poems, ii, 11.
Whene'er I shoot wi' my air gun,

"Tisay aff loof. Davidson's Seasons, p. 183.

3. Forthwith, immediately, out of hand.

"Sae I was ca'd in to the praesence, and sent awa aff loof tae speer ye out, an' bring ye tae speak tae the muckle fo'k." Saint Patrick, i. 76.

AFFORDELL, adj. Alive, yet remaining.

In the MS. history of the Arbuthnot family, writ ten in Latin on the one page, with an English transla. tion on the opposite page, the word occurs thrice thus: Fratrum ejus alii jam obi"Of his brether sum ar erunt, alii etiam supersunt. dead, utheris yit affordell."

Et liberos alios quorum tamen posteri aut non supersunt, aut ignorantur.

Quarum nonullae una cum posteris supersunt.

"Of quhais posterity aither nane affordell, or ar unknawin."

"Of quhais posteritie sum yit ar affordell.'

This seems nearly akin to the S. phrase, to the fore. Whether the termination dell be allied to A.-S. dael, as signifying in part, is uncertain. The term most closely resembles the Buchan word Fordals, "stock not exhausted." V. FORDEL, adj.

AFFPUT, 8. Delay, or pretence for delaying, S. Affputting, Delaying, trifling, dilatory, putting off, S.

AFFRAY, 8. Fear, terror.

Stonayit sa gretly than thai war,
Throw the force off that fyrst assay,
That thai war in till gret affray.

Barbour, ix. 605. MS. Chaucer, id. Fr. affre, effroys, a fright; evidently of Gothic origin.

AFFROITLIE, adv. Affrightedly, Rudd.

Fr. Effroyer, to frighten.

To AFFRONT, v. a. To disgrace, to put to shame, S.

AFFRONT, s. Disgrace, shame, S.

"This sense," Dr. Johnson remarks, "is rather peculiar to the Scottish dialect." The only example he gives of it is from a Scottish writer.

"Antonius attacked the pirates of Crete, and, by his too great presumption, was defeated; upon the sense of which affront he died of grief." Arbuthnot on Coins. AFFRONTED, part. adj. Having done any thing that exposes one to shame, S.

AFFRONTLESS, adj. Not susceptible of disgrace or shame, Aberd.

AFFSET, 8. 1. Dismission, the act of putting away, S. Moes-G. afsat jan, amovere.

2. An excuse, a pretence, S.

AFFTAK, 8. A piece of waggishness, tending

to expose one to ridicule, Fife. AFFTAKIN, 8. The habit or act of taking off, or exposing others to ridicule, ibid. AFLAUGHT, adt. Lying flat, Roxb. q. on flaught; from the same origin with flaucht in Flauchtbred.

· AFLOCHT, AFLOUGHT, part. pa. Agitated, in a flatter, S.

"Al this day and nicht bygane my mynd and body is aflocht, specially sen I hard thir innocent men as cruelly tormentit." Bellend. Cron. B. ix. ch. 29. Nulla quies detur, Boeth. V. FLOCHT. AFORE-FIT, A'FORE-FIT, adv. Indiscriminately, all without exception, Upp. Clydes.; q. all before the foot.

AFORGAYN, prep. Opposite to.

Aforgayn the schippis ay,

As thai sailyt, thai held thair way.

Barbour, xvi. 555. MS.

Lye views A.-S. aeft, iterum, as the origin of E. oft.

AFTER ANE, adv. Alike, in the same manner, in one form, S. i.e. after one. Belg. by een is used in the same sense.

...A' my time that's yet bygane,
She's fix't my lot maist after ane.
Cock's Simple Strains, p. 69.

AFTERCAST, 8. Consequence, effect, what may ensue; as, "He durst na do't for fear o' the aftercast," Roxb.

AFTER-CLAP, s. Evil consequence. Gl.

Sibb.

AFTERCOME, 8. Consequence, what comes after, South of S.

"And how are ye to stand the aftercome! There will be a black reckoning with you some day." Brownie of Bodsbeck, ii. 9.

"I fear she is ruined for this world,-an' for the aftercome, I dare hardly venture to think about it.' Ibid. ii. 48.

AFTERCUMMER, 8. A successor.

"That he and all his aftercummers may bruik the samen, as a pledge and taiken of our good-will and kindness for his trew worthiness." Letter Ja. V. 1542, Nisbet's Heraldry, i. 97.

AFTERGAIT, adj. 1. Applied to what is seemly or fitting; as, That's something aftergait, that is somewhat as it ought to be, or after the proper manner, Lanark.

2. Tolerable, moderate, what does not exceed ; as, "I'm ill o' the toothache; but I never mind sae lang as it's ony way aftergait ava," Roxb.

AFTERINGS, AFT'RINS, 8. pl. 1. The last milk taken from

Lancash.

a cow, S. Derbysh. id. A.-S. aefter, post. Alem. afterin, posteriora; Schilter.

Stane still stands hawkie, he her neck does claw,
Till she'll frae her the massy aft'rins draw.

Morison's Poems, p. 185. 2. The remainder, in a more general sense; as, "the aft'rins o' a feast," East of Fife.

3. Consequences, Ayrs.

"I have been the more strict in setting down these circumstantials, because in the bloody afterings of that meeting they were altogether lost sight of." R. Gilhaize, iii. 88.

AFTERSUPPER, 8. The interval between supper and the time of going to rest, Lanarks. V. FORESUPPER.

AFTERWALD, 8. That division of a farm which is called outfield in other parts of Scotland, Caithn.

-"The outfield land (provincially afterwald)." Agr. Surv. of Caithn. p. 87.

Can this have any affinity to the A.-S. phrase, aefter tham wealde, secus sylvam; q. ground taken in from the forest?

AFWARD, adv. Off, away from, Renfr.