"But if any passengers shall be re-landed, then such master may re-land, under the inspection of the officer of customs, a quantity not exceeding the proportion sufficient for such passengers re-landed. §14. "Commissioners of the customs shall prepare an abstract of this act to be hung up in every custom-house; and a copy thereof, and of the muster-roll, shall be hung up in every vessel, on penalty of twenty pounds on the master. § 15. "All captains and officers commanding ships of war, or revenue cutters, who shall meet any such ships at sea, shall call for the muster-roll, and search such ship; and if the provisions of this act have not been complied with, may seize and send them to some port. § 16. "No such vessel shall be cleared out, unless the owners, or the master, shall have given bond that such vessel is seaworthy, and that every passenger, if alive, shall be landed at the port to which he shall have contracted to be conveyed. § 17. "If any officer of customs shall sign any clearance contrary to this act, he shall forfeit his employment, and also fifty pounds. $18. "All penalties shall be payable within Great-Britain in lawful money of Great-Britain, and within Ireland in Irish currency; and any penalty may be recovered in the name of the Attorney-General for England or Ireland, or Advocate for Scotland, or in the name of any person whatsoever, with double costs; and such suit shall be brought within three years; and one moiety shall go to his Majesty, and the other to the use of such person as shall first sue, after deducting the charges of prosecution from the whole. §19. "If any person shall commit wilful perjury, or suborn any person to take a false oath, such person shall incur the pains of perjury, or subornation of perjury. § 20. "Actions for any thing done in pursuance of this act shall be commenced within three calendar months, and brought within the proper county; and the defendant may plead the general issue; and if the jury shall find for the defendant, &c. &c. the defendant shall recover double costs. § 21. Nothing in this act shall alter any law for the restriction of artificers from passing to parts beyond the seas." § 22. We are glad to have it in our power to announce that a second part of Professor Barton's "Collections for an Essay towards a Materia Medica of the United States," has been some time in the press, and may be expected speedily to be published. FOREIGN. A COMPARATIVE VIEW OF THE NATURAL SMALL-POX, INOCULATED SMALL-POX, AND INOCULATED COW-POX. By JOHN ADDINGTON. Published by order of the Medical Council of the Royal Jennerian Society for the Extermination of the Small-Pox. NATURAL SMALL-POX. HISTORY, GENERAL CHARACTER,, For twelve centuries this disease has been known to continue its ravages, destroying in every year an immense proportion of the whole population of the world!! Circumstances independent of Contagion and Mortality; viz. Danger, Eruptions, Confinement, Loss of Time, Expense, Requisite Precautions, Medical Treatment, Deformity, and Subsequent Diseases.. 1. One in three has the natural small-pox in a dangerous form. 2. It produces eruptions, numerous, painful, and disgusting; One in six who have 3. Occasions confinement; the disease dies. At 4. Loss of time; and, ing individuals, families, parishes, &c. Renders precautions, for the most part, unavailing; A contagious disease least half of man-5. Expense, more or less considerable, affectin some instances kind have it; consemild, but for the most quently, one in twelve 6. part violent, painful, of the human race peloathsome, and danger-rish by one disease! ous to life. In London 3000 annually; in the United 8. Kingdom 40,000. 7. Medical treatment necessary, both during the disease and afterwards; Leaves pits, scars, seams, &c. disfiguring the skin, especially the face; and, 9. Is followed by scrofuia in every form, diseases of the skin, glands, joints, &c. blindness, deafness, &c. &c. A contagious disease; INOCULATED SMALL-POX. In for the most part mild, One in three hundred The inoculation of the small-pox having been but partially adopted, has become the means of spreading the infection, and has thus increased its general mortality. In London this increase has been in the proportion of seventeen in every thousand. 1. One in thirty or forty has the inoculated small-pox in a dangerous form. 2. It produces eruptions in greater or less num- 3. Occasions confinement; 5. Expense, sometimes considerable; Not contagious; and when properly conducted, uniformly INOCULATED COW-PQX. mild, inoffensive, free NEVER FATAL. 1. The inoculated cow-pox is attended by no danger; 2. Produces a pustule on the inoculated part 3. Occasions neither confinement, 5. Expense; 6. Demands no other precautions than such as During a long series of years, the cow-pox, accidentally received, has been considered as a preservative against any future attack of the 8. Leaves no deformity nor disfiguration; and, small-pox. Many persons in the dairy-coun-9. Excites no subsequent diseases. tries, who have had the former in their youth, have remained to old age unsusceptible of the latter. MODE OF PREVENTING IRON AND STEEL FROM RUSTING, C. Conté has found out a composition that will effectually prevent iron, steel, &c. from rusting. This method consists in mixing with fat oil varnish four-fifths of well-rectified spirit of turpentine. The varnish is to be applied by means of a sponge; and articles varnished in this manner will retain their metallic brilliancy, and never contract any spots of rust. It may be applied to copper, and to the preservation of philosophical instruments, which, by being brought into contact with water, are liable to lose their splendour and become tarnished. METHOD OF OBTAINING PRUSSIC ACID IN A PURE STATE. Dr. Schaub has discovered a new method of obtaining Prussic acid in a state of absolute purity. The process consists in pouring upon one part of Prussian-blue half as much sulphuric acid, diluted with an equal quantity of water, and subsequent distillation. The Prussic acid passes over in alcohol; its odour greatly resembles the water of the Lauro-Cerasus. It is a deadly poison to animals. POT-ASH OBTAINED FROM BUCKWHEAT. It appears from some experiments made by Citizen Vauquelin, that buckwheat yields, by combustion, a considerable quantity of pot-ash, which may be employed with advantage in the glass manufactories. The ashes of other vegetables contain only from 18 to 20 per cent. of that alkali, or nearly one-fifth; but the ashes of buckwheat contain 33 per cent. orn early one-third. CULTURE OF THE TREE CALLED LE ROBINIER (ROBINIA, PSEUDACACIA. LIN.) Cit. François de Neufchateau, member of the Conservative Senate, and of the National Institute, has lately published a treatise at Paris, in the form of a letter, on the tree called Le Robinier, or the false Acacia, its culture, uses, &c. This tree, he observes, improperly known by the name of false Acacia, was brought from America by Jean Robin, curator of the king's garden, about the year 1620; it was quickly perceived that, in the course of ten or twelve years, it would, in very barren lands, reach the size of an oak of thirty or forty years standing; but it appears that the advantage which it presented of putting forth flowers of an agreeable scent, has hitherto condemned it to be only a tree for show. This has been always the language of the different societies of agriculture, of the ministerial instructions, French and foreign treatises of gardening, &c. &c. In the space of ten years, however, says Citizen de Neufchateau, a number of Robiniers, planted in the quincunx form, at the distance of two metres from one another, and valued at not more than six francs, had a cutting or felling worth about 36,000 francs the hectare (a space little more than two acres); and, in the course of the last ten years, has had three prunings or toppings of very considerable value. The same trees, planted in the form of hedges, and cropped every third year, form an impenetrable inclosure, with a very valuable produce. Notwithstanding this, it requires only a slight and meagre soil. APPENDIX. To the CITIZENS of the UNITED STATES, The following remarks are addressed by their well-wisher, N. WEBSTER. THE HE appearance of a malignant fever in New-York, the present season, has revived the discussion of the question, Whence does it originate? a question that has been much agitated by the ablest physicians and philosophers in this country and in Europe. Hitherto the investigation has resulted in no satisfactory solution of the question; although every tyro in the controversy is confident of success, and dogmatically asserts, that, with a few extracts from pamphlets, abounding with superficial observations and crude conjectures, he will bring the controversy to a conclusion. In the year 1793 I was a believer in the common opinion prevailing in Europe and America, that this malignant fever, like the Asiatic plague, is generated in foreign countries only, and in all temperate latitudes must owe its origin and propagation to specific contagion. The observations made during several years, in which our chief towns have been afflicted, together with a laborious examination of authorities, ancient and modern, by which means I have collected more facts than are to be found in any one work written on this subject, have satisfied my mind that the Asiatic plague and the yellow fever, which is a kindred disease, and may properly be denominated the bilious or tropical plague, are usually generated in the places where they prevail.-At the same time I am a believer in the infection of these diseases. It is evident that in these, as in scarlet fever, dysentery, jail fever, and every species of typhus, the breath and excretions of the sick will communicate a like disease to persons who approach near enough to imbibe them, though not in all cases; yet it can be made evident that the bilious plague is attended with less infection than the other diseases here mentioned; and in a pure atmosphere it is demonstrated, by ten years experience in America, that the infection is not sufficient to spread the disease. With these results, and many others equally interesting to |