shall now proceed to give a delineation of the Larger and Smaller Machines, used at this place; to which shall be added one of an Intermediate size, chiefly intended for the use of such planters, as do not chuse to put themselves to the expense of more than one such implement, and who do not mean to remove Trees beyond thirty feet high, and thirteen or fourteen inches in diameter, at a foot from the ground; which Trees this machine should be capable of managing. See Plate III. The diagram here given relates to the Pole, Axle, and Frame-work of the Machine, that is, to every part of it, excepting the Wheels. The latter it was considered as unnecessary to delineate in the diagram, as the entire "Machine in motion" is given in Plate IV.; and any good carpenter can make the Wheels, on the dimensions being furnished to him. The main difficulty, in constructing an effective Machine, lies, in proportioning the different parts to one another, and so adapting the whole to the style of work to be executed, that dispatch shall be promoted in the highest degree, and that the heaviest work shall be executed, by means of the smallest possible weight of wood and iron.

These Machines, as already said, are of the simplest structure, and evidently borrowed from the Janker of the wood-merchant.* The Pole is made of the best oak, the Axle of iron, the Wheels

* NOTE II.

of oak, elm, and ash, as also the subordinate parts. To the original implement I have added, among the other improvements, Three Stages, strongly bolted to the cross-bar, or axle-bed (as our workmen term it), and to one another, of which the upper stage is movable at pleasure, as the extent of roots or branches may require elevation from the ground. The Third Wheel, which, according to Brown's plan, was diminutive, is enlarged, and adapted to a different part of the pole. The specification is as follows: See Plate III.

LARGE-SIZED MACHINE.

The Pole A B (Fig. 1.) is 15 feet long, including the iron Ring at the point; 6 inches broad, tapering to 3 at top; and 5 inches thick. The iron Ring at A is 4 In. in diameter. At the top, there is a small bend E C (Fig. 2.), 3 In. off the straight, in order to prevent the bark from being chafed by the ring. Immediately at the point, but clear of the ring, is fixed a small Block of iron at C, with rounded edges, 4 In. long, by 1 In. thick, well steeled, so as to trail along the ground, and to prevent the point of the pole, when the Machine is not loaded, from cutting up the surface. There is likewise, on one side of the pole, a Plate of Iron DC, extending from D, within 18 In. of the axle, to nearly the top at E, for the

purpose of strengthening the pole. It is 2 In. broad, In. thick, and sunk into the wood. This plate, for the sake of greater power, should be in one piece. Its entire length is not visible in the diagram, owing to the intervening delineation of one of the side-stays.

The Iron Axle F G (Fig. 1.), and also I K (Fig. 3.), is 5 F. long between the Washers (but is nearly covered by the Case), and 3 In. square; with a curve of 3 In. at H, for the purpose of giving greater strength. It would not be convenient, however it might suit large roots or branches, to make the axle longer than the above dimension, on account of gates, and other narrow passes, through which the machine might be taken, and that seldom exceed 9 or 10 F. wide. The Heads of the axle W W are 14 In. long, and fitted to the bushes of the wheels. The Dust-hoops are 1 In. broad each. The wooden Case I K (or, as it is called, the axle-bed) is 6 In. square, covering the wood 2 In., and consequently showing only 1 In. of the iron. To the axle-bed are fixed two strong Hooks of iron Z Z, 61 In. long, and strongly bolted to it, to which the Horses are attached, for drawing the machine.

The two Side-Stays FLG L (Fig. 1.) are made as short as possible, in order to prevent interference with the branches, being 5 F. long, 3 In. broad, and 4 In. deep or thick, and strongly bolted to the axle-bed and pole. The Upper Stay M N