Ed

ENGLAND

UNDER

4-7-17"

THE HOUSE OF HANOVER;

ITS HISTORY AND CONDITION DURING THE REIGNS
OF THE THREE GEORGES,

ILLUSTRATED FROM

The Caricatures and Satires of the Day.

BY

THOMAS WRIGHT, ESQ., M.A., F.S.A., &c.

CORRESPONDING MEMBER OF THE INSTITUTE OF FRANCE (ACADÉMIE
DES INSCRIPTIONS ET BELLES LETTRES).

WITH NUMEROUS ILLUSTRATIONS, EXECUTED BY
F. W. FAIRHOLT, F.S.A.

IN TWO VOLUMES.

VOL. II.

BIBLIOTHEQUE

LONDON:

RICHARD BENTLEY, NEW BURLINGTON STREET,
Publisher in Ordinary to Her Majesty'

1848.

CONTENTS

OP

THE SECOND VOLUME.

CHAPTER IX.

GEORGE III.

VIOLENT POLITICAL AGITATION. THE NORTH ADMINISTRATION. — THE

FOXES.-REMONSTRANCES AND PETITIONS. THE BUTTON-MAKER.-LIBERTY

OF THE PRESS-CARICATURES ON THE AMERICAN WAR.-ADMIRAL KEPPEL.

-WAR WITH FRANCE AND SPAIN.-NO POPERY; THE LONDON RIOTS.—

ATTACKS ON THE EARL OF SANDWICH AND ON LORD NORTH; THE POLITICAL

WASHERWOMAN.—OVERTHROW OF LORD NORTH'S MINISTRY.- RODNEY'S

TRIUMPHS.-ROCKINGHAM AND SHELBURNE ADMINISTRATIONS.-AMERICA.

PAGE

1

COALITION.

CHAPTER X.

GEORGE III.

OVERTHROW OF LORD SHELBURNE.-THE COALITION.-ATTACKS ON THE

FOX'S INDIA BILL.-CARLO KHAN.-BACK-STAIRS INFLUENCE.-

THE INTERFERENCE OF THE KING, AND DISMISSAL OF THE MINISTRY.-

QUARREL BETWEEN THE CROWN AND THE HOUSE OF COMMONS.-WILLIAM

PITT PRIME MINISTER.—THE OPPOSITION IN MAJORITY IN THE HOUSE; DISSO-

LUTION OF PARLIAMENT. THE WESTMINSTER ELECTION.THE DUCHESS OF

DEVONSHIRE, CARICATURES AND SQUIBS AGAINST THE DEFEATED COALI-

TIONISTS.

68

CHAPTER XI.

GEORGE III.

LOW STATE OF THE OPPOSITION.-CARICATURES AGAINST FOX AND HIS COL-

LEAGUES. THE PROBATIONARY ODES.-IRELAND; GRATTAN AND FLOOD.—

THE FORTIFICATION SCHEME.-INDIA; WARREN HASTINGS; THE IMPEACH-

MENT. THE PRIRCE OF WALES; ROYAL PARSIMONY AND ROYAL EXTRA-

VAGANCE. THE TRIAL OF WARREN HASTINGS.-MINISTERIAL CORRUPTION;

ANTIPATHY OF PARTIES; THE INSTALLATION SUPPER.-FIRST INDISPOSITION

OF THE KING; THE REGENCY BILL.

123

CHAPTER XII.

GEORGE III.

THE FRENCH REVOLUTIONARY PERIOD.-EFFECT OF THE REVOLUTION IN

ENGLAND. DESERTION FROM THE LIBERAL PARTY IN PARLIAMENT; BURKE'S

PHILIPPICS, REVOLUTIONARY SYMPATHY IN ENGLAND; DR. PRICE, DR.

-

PRIESTLEY, AND THOMAS PAINE.-ANTI-GALLICAN AGITATION.-SATIRES ON

THE KING AND QUEEN.-AGITATION THROUGHOUT THE COUNTRY, AND GO-

VERNMENT MEASURES AFFECTING THE LIBERTY OF THE SUBJECT.-FOREIGN

POLICY; WAR WITH FRANCE.

PAGE

174

CHAPTER XIII.

GEORGE III.

CLAMOURS FOR PEACE.-MARRIAGE OF THE PRINCE OF WALES.-POPULAR

SUBJECTS OF COMPLAINT; TAXES AND REFORM.-INSULT UPON THE KING.—

BILL AGAINST SEDITIOUS MEETINGS. GREAT MEETING IN COPENHAGEN

FIELDS. UNSUCCESSFUL NEGOTIATIONS FOR PEACE. NEW AGITATION

AGAINST FRANCE AND REPUBLICANISM.-WINE AND DOG TAX.-THREATENED

INVASION. IRISH REBELLION.-NAVAL VICTORIES; BATTLE OF THE NILE.—

UNION WITH IRELAND. BUONAPARTE FIRST CONSUL.

248

CHAPTER XIV.

GEORGE III.

SOCIETY DURING THE LATTER PART OF THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY.-COS-

TUME; EXTRAVAGANCE OF FASHIONS.-THE BALLOON MANIA.-GAMBLING AND

ITS CONSEQUENCES; LORD KENYON AND THE GAMBLING LADIES.-REVIVAL

OF MASQUERADES; MRS. CORNELYS AND THE PANTHEON; LICENTIOUSNESS OF

THE MASQUERADES. THE OPERA, AND ITS ABUSES. THE STAGE; SHERIDAN,

KEMBLE, THE O. P. RIOTS.-PRIVATE THEATRICALS; WARGRAVE AND WYNN-

STAY; THE PIC-NICS.-THE SHAKSPEARE MANIA; IRELAND'S FORGERIES and

BOYDELL'S SHAKSPEARE GALLERY. ART, LITERATURE, AND SCIENCE.-

PETER PINDAR AND THE ARTISTS; THE VENETIAN SECRET.-STATE OF THE

PERIODICAL PRESS; LITERATURE IN GENERAL; BOZZY AND PIOZZI.-SCIENCE;

THE SOCIETIES; SIR JOSEPH BANKS.

310

CHAPTER XV.

GEORGE III.

THE IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT.-CHANGE OF MINISTRY. PEACE WITH

FRANCE. NEW STEP IN BUONAPARTE'S AMBITION.-RENEWAL OF HOSTILI-

TIES, AND THREATENED INVASION.-DEFENSIVE AGITATION; VOLUNTEERS;

CARICATURES AND SONGS. RETURN OF PITT TO POWER. BUONAPARTE

EMPEROR.-TRAFALGAR.-DEATHS OF PITT AND FOX.-GENERAL ELECTION,

WITH WARM CONTESTS.-THE SPANISH WAR.

381

CHAPTER XVI.

GEORGE III. AND THE REGENCY.

NEW PROSPECTS.-STRUGGLES OF PARTIES; SIR FRANCIS BURDETT; JOHN

BULL IN ADMIRATION. THE REGENCY.-THE WAR; ELBA; WATERLOO ;

ST. HELENA.-ENGLAND AFTER THE PEACE; TAXATION AND REFORM; THE

DANDIES AND THE HOBBY-HORSES.

441