IV.-The Folly and Madness of Ambition illustrated. WORLD.

AMONG the variety of subjects with which you have entertained and instructed the public,I do not remember that you have any where touched upon the folly and madness of ambition; which, for the benefit of those who are dissatisfied with their present situations, I beg leave to illustrate, by giving the history of my own life.

I am the son of a younger brother, of a good family, who, at his decease, left me a little fortune of a hundred pounds a year. I was put early to Eton school, where I learnt Latin and Greek; from which I went to the university, where I learnt-not totally to forget them. I came to my fortune while I was at college; and having no inclination to follow any profession, I removed myself to town, and lived for some time as most young gentlemen do, by spending four times my income. But it was my happiness, before it was to late, to fall in love, and to marry a very amiable young creature, whose fortune was just sufficient to repair the breach made in my own. With this agreeable companion I retreated to the country, and endeavored, as well as I was able, to square my wishes to my circumstances. in this endeavor I succeeded so well, that, except a few private hankerings after a little more than 1 possessed, and now and then a sigh, when a coach and six happened to drive by me in my walks, I was a very happy

man.

I can truly assure you, Mr. Fitz Adam, that though. our family economy was not much to be boasted of, and in consequence of it, we were frequently driven to great straits and difficulties. I experienced more real satisfaction in this humble situation, than I have ever done since,in more enviable circumstances. We were sometimes a little in debt, but when money came in, the pleasure of discharging what we owed, was more than equivalent for the pain it put us to; and,though the nar rowness of our circumstances subjected us to many cares and anxieties, it serves to keep the body in action, as well as the mind; for, as our garden was somewhat large, and required more hands to keep it in order, than we

could afford to hire, we labored daily in it ourselves, and drew health from our necessities.

I had a little boy who was the delight of my heart, and who probably might have been spoilt by nursing, if the attention of his parents had not been otherwise employed. His mother was naturally of a sickly constitution; but the affairs of her family, as they engrossed all her thoughts,gave her no time for complaint. The ordinary troubles of life, which, to those who have nothing else to think of, are almost insupportable, were less terrible to us,than to persons in easier circumstances; for it is a certain truth,however your readers may please to receive it, that where the mind is divided between many cares, the anxiety is lighter than where there is only one to contend with. And even in the happiest situation, in the middle of ease, health and affluence,the mind is generally ingenious at tormenting itself; losing the immediate enjoyment of those invaluable blessings, by the painful suggestion that they are to great for con. tinuance.

These are the reflections that I have had since; for I do not attempt to deny, that I sighed frequently for an addition to my fortune. The death of a distant relation, which happened five years after our marriage, gave me this addition, and made me for a time the hap piest man living. My income was now increased to six hundred a year; and I hoped, with a little economy, to be able to make a figure with it. But the ill health of my wife, which in less easy circumstances had not touched me so nearly, was now constantly in my thoughts, and soured all my enjoyments. The consciousness, too, of having such an estate to leave my boy, made me so anxious to preserve him,that,instead of suffering him to run at pleasure, where he pleased, and grow hardy by exercise, I almost destroyed him by confinement. We now did nothing in our garden, because we were in circumstances to have it kept by others; but as air and exercise were necessary for our healths, we resolved to abridge ourselves in some unnecessary articles, and to set up an equipage. This, in time, brought with it a train of expenses, which we had neither prudence to

foresee, nor courage to prevent. For as it enabled us to extend the circuit of our visits, it greatly increased our acquaintance, and subjected us to the necessity of making continual entertainments at home, in return for all those which we were invited to abroad. The charges that attended this new manner of living, were much too great for the income we possessed; insomuch that we found ourselves, in a very short time, more necessitious than ever. Pride would not suffer us to lay down our equipage; and to live in a manner unsuitable to it, was what we could not bear to think of. To pay the debts we had contracted, 1 was soon forced to mortgage, and at last to sell, the best part of my estate; and as it was utterly impossible to keep up the parade any longer, we thought it adviseable to remove on a sudden, to sell our coach in town, and to look out for a new situation, at a greater distance from our acquaintance.

But unfortunately for my peace, I carried the habit of expense along with me, and was very near being reduc ed to absolute want, when, by the unexpected death of an uncle and his two sons, who died within a few weeks of each other,I succeeded to an estate of seven thousand pounds a year.

And now, Mr Fitz Adam, both you and your readers will undoubtedly call me a very happy man; and so indeed I was. I set about the regulation of my family with the most pleasing satisfaction. The splendor of my equipages, the magnificence of my plate, the crowd of servants that attended me,the elegance of my house and furniture,the grandeur of my park and gardens, the luxury of my table,and the court that was every where paid me, gave me inexpressible delight, so long as they were novelties; but no sooner were they become habitual to me, than I lost all manner of relish for them; and I discovered, in a very little time, that, by having nothing to wish for, I had nothing to enjoy. My appetite grew palled by satiety, a perpetual crowd of visitors robbed me of all my domestic enjoyinent, my servants plagued me, and my steward cheated me.

But the curse of greatness did not end here. Daily.experience convinced me that I was compelled to live more

for others than myself. My uncle had been a great party man, and a zealous opposer of all ministerial measures; and as his estate was the largest of any gentleinan's in the country, he supported an interest in it, beyond any of his competitors. My father had been greatly obliged by the court party, which determined me in gratitude to declare myself on that side; but the difficulties I had to encounter, were too many and too great for me; insomuch that I have been baffled and defeated in almost every thing I have undertaken. To desert the cause I have embarked in, would disgrace me, and to go greater lengths in it, would undo me. I am engaged in a perpetual state of warfare with the princi. pal gentry of the country, and am cursed by my tenants and dependents, for compeling them, at every election, to vote (as they are pleased to tell me) contrary to their conscience.

My wife and I had once pleased ourselves with the thought of being useful to the neighborhood, by dealing out our charity to the poor and industrious; but the perpetual hurry in which we live, renders us incapable of looking out for objects ourselves; and the agents we intrust are either pocketing our bounty, or bestowing it on the undeserving. At night, when we retire to rest, we are venting our complaints on the miseries of the day, and praying heartily for the return of that peace, which was the only companion of our humblest situation.

This, sir, is my history; and if you give it a place in your paper, it may serve to inculcate this important truth--that where pain, sickness and absolute want are out of the question,no external change of circumstances can make a man more lastingly happy than he was before. It is to the ignorance of this truth, that the universal dissatisfaction of mankind is principally to be ascribed. Care is the lot of life; and he that aspires to greatness in hopes to get rid of it,islike one who throws himself into a furnace to avoid the shivering of the ague.

The only satisfaction I can enjoy in my present situation is, that it has not pleased heaven, in its wrath, to make me a king.

V.Battle of Pharsalia, and Death of Pompey.-
GOLDSMITH.

AS the armies approached, the two generals went from rank to rank encouraging their troops. Pompey represented to his men,that the glorious occasion which they had long besought him to grant, was now before them; " and indeed," cried he, "What advantages could you wish over an enemy, that you are not now possessed of Your numbers, your vigor, a late victory, all ensure a speedy and an easy conquest over those harrassed and broken troops,composed of men worn out with age, and impressed with the terrors of a recent defeat: But there is a still stronger bulwark for our protection, than the superiority of our strength-the justice of our cause. You are engaged in the defence of liberty, and of our country. You are supported by its laws, and followed by its magistrates. You have the world spec tators of your conduct,and wishing you success.-On the contrary,he whom you oppose is a robber and oppressor of his country, and almost already sunk with the consciousness of his crimes, as well as the bad success of his arms. Show then, on this occasion, all that ardor and detestation of tyranny,that should animate Romans, and do justice to mankind." Cesar, on his side, went among his men with that steady serenity, for which he was so much admired in the midst of danger. He insisted on nothing so strongly, to his soldiers, as his frequent and unsuccessful endeavors for peace. He talk ed with terror on the blood he was going to shed, and pleaded only the necessity that urged him to it. He deplored the many brave men that were to fall on both sides, and the wounds of his country, whoever should be victorious. His soldiers answered his speech with looks of ardor and impatience; which observing, he gave the signal to begin. The word on Pompey's side, was Hercules the invincible; that on Cesar's, Venus the victo rious. There was only so much space between both armies,as to give room for fighting; wherefore, Pompey ordered his men to receive the first shock, without mov ing out of their places, expecting the enemy's ranks to be put into disorder by their motion, Cesar's soldiers