multitude-pushing, fqueezing, and fhoving forward, riding on one another's backs, and tearing their cloaths to pieces, with eager nefs to get within hearing of the preacher: fome, panting for breath; others fweating and ftaring, with their eyes ftarting out • of their heads; others, not able to bear up against the prefs with which they were thronged on every fide, fainting and falling to the ground, when it is almoft impoffible to prevent their being trampled to death,' &c. &

Art. 21. A Letter of Confolation to the Rev. Mr. Romaine, occafioned by his Sufpenfion, &c. By the Rev. Mr. G W-te-d. 8vo. 6d. Seymour."

A religious Catch-penny. Mr. Whitefield, we dare be confident, is innocent of its production; it is unworthy of his abilities: as the occafion, we would hope too, is beneath his notice.

"T

SINGLE SERMONS.

HE Practice of Religion and Virtue recommended, especially in Times of Danger. Preached at Newbury, Auguft 12, 1759. before the Militia of the county of Berks. By Thomas Penrofe, Á. M. Rector of Newbury. Svo. 6d. Newbery.

2. On the Death of the Rev. Mr. Thomas Bradbury, who departed this life, Sept. 9, 1759, in the eighty-fecond year of his age, Preached in New-Court, Carey-fireet, September 16. Publifhed at the unanimous requelt of the CHURCH, with a Dedication to them, containing a thort Character of the decenfed. By Richard Winter. Evo. 6d. Buckland, &c.

*

We obferve nothing very extraordinary in the Character here given of this famous Pulpit-Veteran; farther than, that he preached eight Sermons declaring the doctrine of Juftification by the imputed

righteoufnefs of Chrift. And, in fixty-one Sermons, the Mystery * ofGodliness, GOD manifeft in the Fleb', &c. with many Difcourfes on fpiritual and political fubjects: fetting his face as a flint against the deftructive tenets of the Arians on the one hand, and of the Jacobites on the other.O brave old Tom Bradbury !-But Mr. Winter feems to have forgot another of his rare qualifications: he was reckoned to fing The Roast Beef of Old England as well as any man in the three kingdoms.

3. At the Affizes at Guildford, Aug. 10, 17:9, by William SelJon, Curate of St. James's Clerkenwell, and Lecturer of St. Giles's in the Fields. 4to. 6 d. Rivington and Fletcher.

4. God's gracious Care of his Church. Preached at Little St. HelJen's, Aug. 1, 1759, to the Society that support the Lord's-Daymorning Lecture there. By William Langford, M. A. Svo. 62. Johnion, in Fenchurch-street.

5. On the glorious Victory of Aug. 1, 1759. By the Rev. Mr. Rascliff, of Bofion, Lincolnshire. Dedicated (by the Editor) to S*****. 8vo. 6d. Griffiths.

L*** G*

The ab ve-mention d Dedication is a genteel piece of Irony.

THE

MONTHLY REVIEW,

For OCTOBER, 1759.

Monafticon Eboracenfe: and the Ecclefiaftical Hiftory of Yorkfire. Containing an Account of the first Introduction and Progrefs of Chriftianity in that Diocefe, until the End of William the Conqueror's Reign. Alfo the Defcription of the Situation, Fabric, Times of Endowments of all Churches, collegiate, conventual, parochial, or of peculiar Jurifdiction; and of other Religious Places in that District, and to whofe Memory they were dedicated. Together with an Account of fuch Monuments and Inferiptions as are worthy of Notice, as well as of the Rife, Progrefs, Eftablishment, Privileges, and Suppression of each Order, Religious or Military, fixed therein. With the Catalogues of all the Abbots, and other Superiors of those Places, and of all the Patrons, Rectors, Vicars, Cantarifis, &c. of each Church, Chapel, &c. from the earliest Account down to the prefent Time.-Collected from the best Hiftorians and ancient Manufcripts in the Bodleyan, Cottonian, and other Libraries in London, Oxford, Cambridge, and feveral Cathedrals; as alfo from other public Records, Regifters, and Chartularies in the Tower and other Offices in London, and in the Archiepifcopal, Epifcopal, and Deans and Chapters Offices in the Cathedrals of York, Durham, and Chefter, and in private Hands, and from Parochial Registers. With above Two Thoufand Copies of original Charters and Deeds, never yet published.-Adorned with Copper-Plates, representing the Ichnographies of fome of their Churches, Abbies, Ruins, &c. and other curious Things worthy of Obfervation.—To which is addVOL. XXI.

eds

ed, a Scheme and Propofals, in order to form a Society for Compiling a compleat Civil and Natural Hiftory of the ancient and prefent State of Yorkshire. With a Chorographical and Topographical Defeription thereof; and for a Set of accurate Maps, taken from actual Surveys. To this is fubjoined, a Short Hiftorical Account of the Parish of Hemingbrough, as a Specimen; fhewing what Materials the Author has collected toward affifting fuch a Society, according to the above Propofals. By John Burton, M. D. Folio; Il. IIS. 6d. in Sheets. York printed by N. Nickson; and fold by . T. Ofborne in London.

W

HERE an Author has expended fo much time and money, as fuch a work as the book before us neceffarily requires, we are apt to think ourselves greatly obliged to his induftry, even tho' we do not meet with all the accuracy and precifion that might reasonably have been hoped for. We are unwilling, therefore, to take any fevere notice of fuch errors as occurred to us in the perusal of this laborious performance; efpecially as fome of them may be rather owing to the Printer than the Author, - who owns, nevertheless, that he has been lefs attentive than he ought; but will be ready to correct any mistakes, or explain obfcurities, (in the next volume) upon being acquainted therewith, in a proper manner.

The prefent volume, which contains only part of the Author's plan, is divided into four books; in the first of which he treats Of the Rife, Progrefs, &c. of Chriftianity in England, in general, and particularly in the diocefe and 6 county of York.'

Book II. treats Of the Rife of our Spiritual Courts; Foundations of Appeals to Rome; Difputes between the fees of Canterbury and York about Primacy; Contests be'tween the fee of Rome and this Kingdom, about the right of Inveftitures and Patronage to ecclefiaftical benefices, down to the reformation of Henry the eighth's time.'

In the third book he treats- Firft, of the Original, Progrefs, and. Increase of Monks and Monafteries in these Parts. 2dly, Of the different Orders of Munks, Nuns, and Friers. 3dly, Of the Difference of Abbies, Priories, &c. with the Officers of the Houfe, &c. 4thly, Of the Diffolution of thefe Religious Houfes.'

Book IV. contains the Hiftory of the [particular] Religious Houfes in this county.'.

In

In the first and fecond books we find little but what may be met with in other Writers; fo that we shall pass them entirely over, as well as the beginning of the third, wherein we are informed of the Nature of each religious Order, and the difference betwixt Abbies, Priories, and other Foundations of that kind, and proceed to what is faid concerning the Dif folution of them, which our Author fhews to have been brought about, in the main, by the Roman Catholics themfelves.-Hear what he fays, page 65.

As to the diffolution of thefe religious foundations, we may observe, that in A. D. 1390, William of Wickham, Bishop of Winchefter, by leave of the Pope and King, bought fome alien Priories, and fettled them on his new college at Oxford (a). His example was followed by Archbifhop Chicheley, in A. D. 1437, and by King Henry the fixth, in A. D. 1441. Their example was followed by others; and A. D. 1505, Margaret, Countess of Richmond, obtained the Pope's licence to fupprefs the abbey of Creyke in Norfolk, and fome others. And Cardinal Wolfey obtained the Pope's bull to diffolve as many of the [leffer] monafteries as would raife a revenue not exceeding 3000 ducats per annum (b).

The cafting off the Pope's Supremacy, and the Monks being looked upon only as a fort of half-fubjects, ever ready to join any foreign power, which fhould invade the nation, whilft the King [Henry VIII.] was excommuni'cated by the Pope; and fome of their revenues not being employed to the intent and defign of the donors; together with the [former] alienation of the leffer houfes, were urged for feizing the reft; to which the King's want of a large fupply, and the people's willingness to fave their own pockets, greatly contributed; and accordingly, a motion ¿ fhortly after was made in Parliament, that, to fupport the King's ftate, and fupply his wants, all the religious houses might be conferred upon the Crown, which were not able to expend clearly above 2001. per annum: This Act paffed about March, Á D. 1535.

By this act about three hundred and eighty houfes were diffolved, and a revenue of 30,000l. per annum came to the Crown, befides 100,000 I. in plate and jewels.'

In about two years afterwards, we are told, that the King refolved to fupprefs the rest of the Monafteries, and thereupon, A. D. 1537, appointed another Vifitation, requiring the Vifiters, amongst other things, to examine particularly into the conduct of the Abbots, Priors, and Monks, during the late commotions, [which had been occafioned by the fuppreffion of the leffer houfes.] This caused the greater Abbots to furrender a-pace; for fome of them having been faulty in the late rebellion, were liable to the King's difpleafure, and furrendered to fave their lives. Some began to like the Reformation, and were, upon that account, eafily perfuaded to it; others, feeing their diffolution' approaching, had fo much embezzled their revenues, that they were fcarce able to keep up their houfes.-Many petitions were made, even by thofe that were for the Reformation, that fome of these houfes might be spared (c); but a refolution being taken at Court to extirpate them all, the petitions were rejected. And in the feffions of Parliament which began the 28th of April, A. D. 1539, in the thirty-first year of the King's reign, an Act was paffed, by which all the religious houfes, which fince the former Act were fuppreffed, diffolved, relinquished, forfeited, or given up; or which fhould thereafter be fuppreffed, forfeited, or given up, were confirmed to the King and his fucceffors; and all the rents, profits, and revenues of them s given to be difpofed of for the King's profit.-By this Act no houfes were fuppreffed, but all the furrenders, which eisther were made, or fhould be made, were confirmed: the mitred or parliamentary abbies were all in being at the paffing of it, and eighteen Abbots were prefent at the first reading of it, twenty at the second, and feventeen at the third, and yet none of them either oppofed it, or voted against it; but were every one brought fhortly to furrender, except three, who were afterwards accufed of high treafon, and executed, and their abbies feized, as forfeited to the King by attainder. The next year, April 22d, A. D. 1540, a Bill was brought in for fuppreffing the Knights of St. John of Jerufalem, and paffed in a fhort time, and thereby all their revenues were given to the King; who, by the fuppreffion of thefe greater houfes, obtained a revenue of about 100,000 l. per annum.'

C

.

'.

If what our Author obferves be true, that the eftates of religious houfes were fuppofed to be really worth ten times more than they were rated at, even at the time of their dif

(c) Burnet's Hift. Ref. vol. IIL, App. p. 95.

folution;