1 the divine laws, and then goes on to fhew, that the contingent ac tions of men cannot be certainly, and infallibly fore known by the Great God from Eternity. It is moft abfurd, fays he, and a manifest contradiction for one Being to fay, that an action, whether good, bad, or indifferent, will be certainly and infallibly performed by another; which, at the fame time the Agent, being every way free, may refufe to perform, nay, may determine against it, and do the direct contrary: and therefore, no fuch contingent action of any one Free-Agent, can be certainly and infallibly fore known by another; becaufe, there is no fuch thing as certainly and infallibly fore-knowing that any one action will be, and that it will not be at the fame time.' 6 He now endeavours to fhew, wherein true Prefcience confifts, and how far the actions of Free-Agents may be fore-known by the Deity; hear the whole of what he advances upon this point, it will render any farther account of his effay unneceflary. First, as God not only fees and knows all our words and actions; but also, fecondly, the very fprings of action in the moft fecret workings of our minds; and thirdly, as he knows the very thoughts and intents of our hearts, as well as the propenfity of every Agent, to that which is good or evil, from the whole courfe of past conduct; together, fourthly, with all the circumftances or occurrences, which are likely to come in the way, or may poffibly happen from without us: it may therefore, jufly be faid, that in fuch cafes, God does fore-fee, or fore-know, what a Free-Agent will do, even before the action is performed by him, because he fees their thoughts, intents, and purposes afar off; that is, as foon as the mind begins to move towards the performance of any action. And fuch fore-knowledge is no way incompatible with the free agency of any Being; nor implies the leaft neceffity, or impulfe, from any order of caufes to be laid on, or fet before the man, exciting him to the performance of any action, by any prior ordination, or eternal decree of God.' R Art. 22. A Defence of the confcious fcheme, against that of the Mortalift. Occafioned by Mr. Peter Peckard's obfervations on Mr. Fleming's Survey, &c. Wherein an immediate refurrection of the just, is fhewn to be confiftent with a general refurrection and judgment of all the dead. By Caleb Fleming, 8vo. IS Noon. In this defence Mr. Fleming advances fome farther reafons in fupport of a future confcioufnefs; but thofe who are not already conwinced by what he has offered in his Survey, will not, we apprehend, be convinced by his Defence of it. R Art. 23. An impartial By-flander's Review, of the Controverfy concerning the Wardenship of Winchester-College, 8vo. is. Baldwin, Our readers are fufficiently apprized of the nature of this conteft. We will only obferve that this By-ftander is, moft probably, a perfon nearly interested in the difpute. Such a clofe infpection into the College ftatutes, and fuch critical attention to the matter of controverfy, feems to be the effect of more than curiofity. The writer, however, appears to be a man of learning and talents; and it is more than poflible, that he is the fame author who wrote the reply to Doctors Golding and Lowth. However, we leave this difquintion to academical readers. MEDICAL. R-d Art. 24. A Treatise on the Difeafes and Lameness of Herfes. By W. Olmer. 8vo. Pamphlet, 5s. 6d. Waller. We have formerly had occafion to recommend this writer to public notice fee Review, Vol. XIV. p. 361. And we must now endeavour to do the fame juftice to his merit, with respect to this very ufeful and important fubject. For the fake, then, of that moft ufeful creature, to whom we are fo infinitely indebted for many of our best conveniencies, and most rational pleasures, let not the uncommon price at which the author has rated his pamphlet, (which, indeed, might have been fold for half the money it is fet at) prove any obftruction to its circulation. Shall the paltry confideration of a few fhillings prevent the owner of a fine horse, from confulting a connoiffeur, who appears to understand the management of this noble animal, better than all the common Farriers in the kingdom, with all their skill and experience united. On the fubject of SHOEING, in particular, he deferves the utmost attention. He is alfo, in general, highly commendable for his attachment to NATURE, and for his pertinent obfervations on the abfurdities of the vulgar craft, and ignorant practice of our horfe-doctors, by which fo many of their unfortunate patients, are cruelly doctered out of the world or at leaf, lamed, fpoiled, and ruined for life: which, to these hapless creatures is infinitely worse than death, for that would put a period to their miferies, which thefe blundering wretches only help to prolong ;-to fay nothing of the injury done to their owners. Art. 25. Obfervations on the prefent State of the English Univerfities: Occafioned by Dr. Davies's Account of the general Education in them. 8vo. 6d. Cooper. This anonymous pamphlet, infcribed to the Chancellor of one Univerfity, appears for both the defendants, complained of by Dr. Davies, with an Audite alteram partem. It would be strange indeed, if not one of the many who may be concerned from intereft, from gratitude, or even through fome venial partiality for his Alma mater, thould arife in their behalf. From which foever of thefe motives, the prefent writer's attachment may fpring, he fets out with obferving, that the learned Doctor, whom he constantly treats with See Review for Augufi laft, p. 181. much much decency, has gone a little out of his way in giving advice, for the better regulation and improvement of the Univerfities; as he thinks him but moderately qualified for practifing on their diforders, from an indifferent acquaintance with their interior ceconomy and conftitution. After an ironical reference to Dr. Davies's invocation of the government, to fecure his important property in his late twelve-penny-worth (alias nine-penny-worth) and to protect him from foreign tranilations, this fenfible writer fays, p. 9. that inftead of examining minutely into the many propofals relative to the universities, he fhall confine himfelf to the more agreeable part of fhewing how small occafion there is for most of them.' And as the former pamphlet contended principally for inftituting feveral new Profefforihips, this Gentleman undertakes to prove, that fuch Profeffors could only become ufeful by commencing, in effect, what Tutors in the Universities at prefent are. This leads him, confequently, into a detail of the functions of Tuters, which he reprefents in all their importance, at the fame time commending the prefent gentlemen fo employed, both as very capable, and confcientious in the regular difcharge of their duties, which is probably the real cafe, and will undoubtedly, in a great meafure, fuperfede the neceflity of fome Profefforfhips; as our author very politively, and with fome indications of experience, affirms it does. This induces him to represent the hardship it would be, to deprive the Tutors (many of whom have spent the beft part of their lives in the laborious and irkfome office of tuition) of their Fellowships, according to Dr. Davies's proposal, at the end of ten years; and, fuppofing them to have obtained little or no preferment, in the mean time, doubtless it would be a very confiderable and fevere hardship; and even fuch a one as our Author obferves, the Univerfitics would rather be detrimented by, in refpect to their public ufefulness. As to the want of fuch courfes and lectures in our Universities, as are neceffary to initiate, and to accomplish ftudents in the profeffon, and for the practice, of Phyfic, which has hitherto carried many into foreign schools and colleges, or into North Britain, the prefent Writer affirms, that this complaint is, in a very great degree, obviated by fome late excellent and prefeat lectures, in the different branches of medical knowlege. He concludes, however, that he thinks it probable a few things may want a further reformation in the Univerfities, [notwithstanding fome very proper regulations have been lately made in them] and more efpecially in fome of their old forms and ftatutes, which by length of time must have become obfolete; and here he agrees with his Anagonit, in fubmitting it to thofe in authority, whether a Royal Vifitation be not the only adequate remedy. Upon the whole, while this Author is, in a confiderable degree, an advocate for the prefent conduct of the Universities, he does not appear a lefs hearty well-wither to their future reputation than their accufer; fome of whofe objections, indeed, he has not answered, ner mentioned; but as his good ienfe is accompanied with a fpirit of benigaity, he often chufes to be palliative and lenient, where the Complainant has been fevere, and fometimes even acrimonious. » K. MISCEL 361] Art. 26. His Lordship's Apology. 8vo. 6d. Reeve. This Apology materially contradicts his Lordship's Letter to Col. Fitzroy, lately publifhed, under the title of his Vindication, and fubfcribed with his Lordship's name. In that, he declares, that Capt. Ligonier followed Col. Fitzroy in this, he tells us, that Col. Fitzroy came after Capt. Ligonier. This, likewife, gives a fuller account of his Lordship's conduct on that day than the other. We find from this, that his Lordship was cenfured for not having marched early enough from the camp. From this charge, however, he feems to have exculpated himself. With refpect to the dilemma he profeffes to have been under, on account of the different Orders brought by the Aids-de-camp Ligonier and Fitzroy, he tells us, that from the enemy's known fuperiority in number of cavalry, he was inclined to think, that the former, who brought orders for the whole cavalry to advance, was right; and that the latter, who brought orders for the British cavalry only to advance, was miftaken. It appears from this Apology alfo, that his Lordship was reprefented as having ftopped Lord Granby's marching' To which he fays, that he only halted him to form the line: and he concludes, that he does not know of the least delay on his part, except the doubt he was in for about five minutes, whether he fhould follow what Capt. Ligonier or Col. Fitzroy faid. This paper has the appearance of authenticity. R-d Art. 27. A Letter to the Right Hon. Lord Viscount Ligonier, occafioned by the Difmiffion of Lord George Sackville from all his military Employments. To which is prefixed, a fhort Appeal to the People of Great Britain. Folio. 1s. Seymour. In the prefatory Appeal, which confifts but of two pages, this Advocate for Lord George, anticipates the fubftance of his Letter to Lord Ligonier. He tells us, wonderful difcovery! that certain acts of cruelty may be committed in this kingdom with impunity. He adds, that he does not fay what has happened, but he will fay what may happen. An English Officer,' he continues, who happens to be under the command of a General of a foreign nation, and, perhaps, foreign interefts, may have, (for what reafon it matters not) in the day or battle, orders confuled and contradictory fent to him; which, without an explanation, he cannot execute. For demanding an explanation from his foreign fuperior, he may be by him treated with contempt; and his proper malter, without hearing his accufation or defence, may difmifs him from his fervice, and endeavour to render him the fcorn of his fellow fubjects. If this,' he concludes, fhould ever happen to be the cafe, would you not think it an act of injuftice? anfwer me, O ye Englishmen ! How decent thefe infinuations are, and how probable it is, that any fuch cafe fhould ever happen, we leave our Readers to determine. In the mean time, we beg leave to appeal to the people. We do not not fay what has happened, but we will what may happen. An English Writer, who happens to be under the influence of an offending and degraded General, or, perhaps, under the temptation of avarice, may (for what reafon it matters not) in the face of the public, iffue confufed and contradictory Apologies in the General's defence; which, without an explanation, no body can comprehend. In attempting the justification of this delinquent General, he may expofe himself to contempt; and, by fuppofing his Sovereign capabie of having difmiffed fuch General from his fervice, without hearing his accufation or defence, may endeavour, as far as in him lies, to render his Majesty the fcorn of his fubjects. If this fhould ever happen to be the cafe, would you not think it an act of folly and impudence? Anfwer us, O ye Englishmen! Art. 28. The Truth, and nothing but the Truth. God. 4to. IS. Hall. R-d So help me This Pamphleteer muft certainly be much addicted to fwearing, as we conclude from his having chofen an Oath for his Title-page. He has wantonly taken God's name in vain; fince he has not ventured to advance one fact, or even hazard a fingle affertion, which might require a folemn adjuration. His fole intention, if any he has, is to perfuade his Readers, that the Letter lately published, and fubfcribed with Lord George's name, is not genuine. In his Preface to the Duke of Dorjet, he fays, It was with the utmoft indignation I saw the name of one of your illuftrious family, figned by a prefumptu. ous Publisher, &c. This prefumption,' he continues, induced me to make the ftrudures, I here prefent your Lordship with, upon a pamphlet, the Editor of which deferves the fevereft cenfure.' We are forry to acquaint him, that the fiructures he has raised, are built on the foundation of ignorance, and have no more ftrength and ftability, than a card-houle reared by the hand of an infant. fhort, the whole is Nonfenfe, and nothing but Nonfenfe, fo help us Common Senfe. In R-d Art. 29. A modeft Apology for a late Noble Commander of the British Forces in Germany. In a Letter to a Friend. 8vo. Dublin Printed for Wilfon. This Apologift, like the reft of Lord George's numerous Advocates, pleads the contrariety of the Orders received, in defence of his Lordship's conduct. In point of argument, this little Apology claims the foremost rank among the many Vindications which have appeared in the late noble Commander's behalf. With refpect to the merits of the caule-Non noftrum eft, &c. R-d Art. 30. The Sentiments of an Englishman, on Lord George Sackville's Addrefs to the Public, fome other Publications, and on the Talk of the Town. 8vo. Is. Cooper. This pamphlet is nothing more than an analyfis of Lord George's Addrefs, his Letter to Col. Fitzroy, the Colonel's Anfwer, and Capt. Smith's |