well as old coins. About 1847 Nathan Loughborough married a second time, a widow, Mrs. John Magill Thomas, a sister of Robert Dunlop, of "Hayes." She had two children by her first marriage; the eldest, a boy named James, became a Presbyterian minister; the second, a daughter named Eliza, was the first wife of Joseph H. Bradley, Jr.

Nathan Loughborough was executor of the estate of Senator Joseph Lewis, of Virginia, of the Ross property, and guardian of the late R. Ross Perry's mother; also executor of the Anderson estate.

He died in 1852. The last time he went away from home was to vote at a presidential election. He died the same year and was buried at "Grassland." In after years, when William C. Whitney bought Grassland, the bodies of Mr. and Mrs. Loughborough (1st wife) were removed to Oak Hill. Generals Jesup, Scott and Craig looked over “Grassland" with the view to buying it for the Soldiers' Home, but I believe it had not sufficient water. Later, after the Civil War, General Grant wished to buy it but found the price too high. The second wife of Nathan Loughborough is buried in Wytheville, Va.

Nathan Loughborough had thirteen children, eight of whom arrived at maturity. His daughter Eliza married Dr. Bohrer; Sarah married Commodore Bissell, U. S. N.; Jane married John Hill Carter, of Virginia; Margaret died unmarried. His eldest son, Alexander Hamilton, born in Philadelphia in 1796, was educated at both Georgetown and Dickinson Colleges. When the war of 1812 broke out he received an appointment as ensign in the Navy and was assigned to the ship "Constitution." After the war his ship was ordered to the Gulf of Mexico. There was at that time an insurrection in Florida, of Indians and Negroes who had seized a fort near the coast. When the vessel was off the coast of Florida, Alexander Loughborough was ordered to

take two sailors and get water for the vessel. As they landed they were fired upon. He was killed and one seaman wounded. The others escaped and left the body. I do not think it has ever been known what happened to it. General Jackson sent troops there to demand reparation but I do not know with what result. His second son, Hamilton, married Louisa Ricaud, and had twelve children, five reaching maturity. He practiced law until his health failed and then retired to "Grassland;" he afterwards bought "Milton" from the heirs. Both places were much injured by troops during the Civil War, especially his upper place, "Milton." The mill and miller's house were burned down by drunken soldiers and the wood was taken from the place to build Fort Bayard and other forts.

Hamilton Loughborough's eldest daughter married General E. D. Keyes, of McClellan's staff. His son Alexander was a lawyer and went to San Francisco to live. He died about twenty-two years ago. His second son, James Henry, enlisted in the Confederate army; was with Wise in West Virginia before the Seven Days' Fight, was transferred to the Tenth Virginia Cavalry under W. H. F. Lee, was Vidette at Yorktown, seeing the Confederate Troops retire and the Union Troops enter, was detailed to Stuart's Signal Corps and was Signal Officer for Stonewall Jackson in the Battles of Fredericksburg. He was in all of the important battles of Northern Virginia, was at Gettysburg, and surrendered at Appomattox. In 1865 he took the oath of allegiance, was given "Milton," where, at 84 years of age, he still resides with his family. He had two sons in the war with Spain.

Hamilton Loughborough's daughter Louisa married Edmond P. Zane, a Confederate soldier. His son and namesake was a graduate of West Point and was a Colonel in a Machine Gun Company in the World War, and was

wounded.

He received the highest decorations given by

both the Americans and the French.

Sarah Loughborough married Doctor E. L. Keyes, of New York. Her son, Col. Edward L. Keyes, was a surgeon in France in the late war.

Nathan Loughborough, third son of Nathan Loughborough, married a Miss Rose and settled in Virginia. His son, Col. R. H. R. Loughborough, was given an appointment in the Army by President Grant. He died last winter. He had two sons and a grandson in the war with Germany. One was wounded four times.

Nathan Loughborough's third son, James Henry, was a surgeon. He bought a sugar plantation in Louisiana, and was the first to refine sugar in Louisiana. During an epidemic of yellow fever in New Orleans he devoted himself to the sick. He had evolved a theory that yellow fever was a violent form of malaria. He did not take the disease He was publicly thanked

himself and made many cures. for his services by the Governor of the State. He married a Miss Morgan. Both he and his only son, Nathan, joined the Confederate army, he as a surgeon. His son was killed at Cotton Mountain in what is now West Virginia and Dr. Loughborough died soon after.

Nathan Loughborough the first, had many great, great grandsons in the late war, both officers and privates. One was killed, most of them wounded, many received decorations, some from foreign as well as the American

Government.

FOREIGN HEROES IN WASHINGTON PARKS.

ON

By MARGARET BRENT DOWNING.

(Read before the Society, January 20, 1920.)

N MARCH 11, 1901, Mr. Samuel H. Kauffmann, one of the founders of the Evening Star, and for many years an outstanding figure in the development of the Capital City, read before this Society a paper entitled “The Man on Horseback," a valuable and most entertaining study of the equestrian statuary of Washington. For, even in Mr. Kauffmann's day, the parks were becoming peopled with the more or less illustrious dead, astride a steed, sitting, standing, reclining, and he found it imperative to devote his efforts to one class of statuary rather than to the total number. At the present writing, there are forty-five statues on the public domain of the Federal City and ten on privately owned property. Eleven of this total are equestrian. If, as Colonel Clarence S. Ridley, superintendent of public grounds and buildings predicts, the figure of Grant will soon be placed between the massive groups of bronze in the Botanical Gardens, there will be twelve equestrian statues to be admired in Washington before the present year is ended. This number is one of the largest which any city boasts in this country or in the world. Of the forty-five existing statues, eleven have been erected to honor men who were of foreign parentage and birth. Of these eleven, Pulaski alone is a man on horseback. It shall be my pleasant task tonight to resume the study of statuary in Washington only so far as it relates to these foreign heroes, with an especial attention devoted to the memorable group to be found in Lafayette Square.

8

Now the word hero is of elastic proportions and may be adjusted to fit any mental concept. For many, the imposing figure of Martin Luther, which stands so conspicuously at the intersection of Vermont Avenue, M and Fourteenth Streets, typifies a hero. This statue, though located on ground which is the property of the adjoining Lutheran Church, is as familiar a landmark as the figures on the public domain. Some may accord heroic qualities to the benevolent Dr. Samuel Christian Hahnemann, founder of the Homeopathic School of Medicine, whose presentation may be found on that bench, so reminiscent of Alma Tadema pictures, just below Scott Circle at Sixteenth Street. There can be no doubt in any mind that Christopher Columbus fits gracefully into this class, and certainly as a foreign hero, he holds priority. Daguerre, the eminent Frenchman, is entitled to all the honor received from the American Society of Photographers. His statue may be admired in the Smithsonian grounds. But, civilize man as you will, compel him to join Leagues of Nations, to uphold societies which have peace and progress as an end, yet you cannot extinguish the burning love which consumes his heart for the human fighting machine. A hero means the warrior whether he makes war on land or sea, so that the eleven aliens dwindle to seven heroes as we saunter through the Washington parks. There was an eighth statue, overlooking the noble river on which the American Capital has been erected, but the cynical smile of this foreigner is now obscured in a cobwebby corner of the War College basement.

Those who are familiar with the beginnings of the Federal City will recall that its founder, President George Washington, wrote the name "Lafayette" on the original map of L'Enfant, to designate the park which was to grace the square directly in front of the executive mansion. In the admirable paper of Mr. Kauffmann already cited, he