* SOUTHWELL, Southwell possessed of lands in Tyrone, marThis family took their name from ried the daughter of Hugh Keith, the town of Southwell in Notting- Esq. of the county of Down, a dehamshire. scendant of the family of Earl Marishal.

'LIFFORD, Hewitt.-James, the late earl, was of a Warwickshire family, and having served a clerk- CARLETON, Carleton.-This ship to an attorney in the neigh-family is a branch of the family of bourhood of Coventry, rose by his Carlton in England. abilities to be lord chancellor of Ireland.

father of the present viscountess, was Charles Newcomen, of Carrick glass, Esq.

TEMPLETON, Upton.-From John Upton, a colonel in King William's army, a branch of the Uptons, of Upton in Cornwall.

LISMORE, O'Callaghan.-This family is descended from Ceallachan, or Callaghan, a prince of Munster, celebrated for his exploits against the Danes.

LAWTON, King.-From the Kingston family.

"BARONS.

KINSALE, De Courcy.-Of Norman extraction. Sir John De Courcy, knight,served King Henry II. in all his wars; and in Ireland, | at his own charge, fought five remarkable battles, by means of which he conquered the province of Ulster, and a great part of Connaught. In 1181, he was created, by Henry II. Earl of Ulster, and Lord of Connaught.

*TRIMBLESTOWN, Barnewell. -This noble family is of French extraction; and, attending William the Conqueror to England, after wards settled at Beer-haven, in Cork.

THE REFORMATION.

THE Times newspaper, and nearly all the other London newspapers, are continually talking about the blessings of the Reformation. I have not perhaps paid sufficient attention to the lying paragraphs which the London Editors are in the habit of inserting; but, in future, I shall not overlook them. John Bull must have his eyes opened. Cobbett's Reformation is not sufficient to do this; he is too brief, and too scurrilous. Something more must be done, and I know no publication better suited to the purpose than this Gazette. I shall, therefore, from time to time, keep an eye upon John, and cull nice little extracts for his Sunday reading, to show him that the Reformation did not produce such blessings as he is made to believe. The following is one of the nice extracts :

"To speak freely, I know no- merly received on account of thing that has brought so great a their hospitality and charities: reproach upon the Church of Eng- but the greatest part of the inferior land as the avarice and ambition of Clergy were incapable of making our bishops. Chandler, Bishop of a provision for sons and daughters, Durham; Willis, Bishop of Win- and soon left families of beggars in chester; Potter, Archbishop of every part of the kingdom. I do Canterbury; Gibson and Sher- not enquire whether chastity ought lock, Bishops of London; all died to be requisite in those who are or shamefully rich; some of them dained to serve at the altar-but I worth more than 100,0001. I cannot help observing, that our gomust add to these my old antago- vernment makes no difference be nist, Gilbert, predecessor to Drum- tween a bishop's wife and his conmond, the present Archbishop of cubine; the wife has no place or York. Some of these Prelates precedence-she does not share in were esteemed great divines, and her husband's honours. Moreover, I know they were learned men ; as an Academician, and a friend to but they could not be called good the republic of letters, I have Christians; the great wealth which often wished that the Canons, they heaped up, the fruits of their which forbid priests to marry, Bishopricks, and which they left were now in force; to the celibacy to enrich their families, was not of the bishops we owe almost all their own, it was due to God, to those noble foundations which are the Church, and to their poor bre- established in both our universities, thren-the history of the good but since the Reformation, we can Samaritan ought to be their moni- boast of few of the episcopal ortory. I knew Burnett, Bishop of der as benefactors to those seats of Salisbury-he was a furious party learning. The munificent donaman, and easily imposed upon by tions of Laud and Sheldaw in the any lying spirit of his own faction; last century will indeed ever be but he was a better pastor than remembered-but let it likewise be any man who is now seated on the remembered, that these two preBishop's bench; he always de- lates were unmarried. Since the clared that he should think himself commencement of the present cenguilty of the greatest crime if he tury, I do not recollect one of our were to raise fortunes for his chil- Right Reverends who ought to be dren, out of the revenue of recorded as an eminent patron of his bishoprick. In the epistle, learning, a learned man; but this which is read at the consecration will not appear wonderful—if we of our bishops, it is required of consider by what spirit they were them, amongst other injunctions, dignified-haud equidem Spirito that they should be given to hospi- Sancto. And yet in the consecratality—not given to filthy lucretion of their Conge d'elire bishops, not covetous; they likewise so- they are said to be called to this LEMNLY PROMISE to assist the in. work by the HOLY GHOST, and in digent and all strangers who are their answer to the Archbishops, destitute of help. they seem to affirm it of themselves."-Political and Literary Anecdotes of his own times, by Dr. Wm. King, Principal of St. Mary's Oxford College, London. P. P. 129, 130. Murray, 1819.

It was no small misfortune to the cause of Christianity in this kingdom, that when we reformed from popery, our Clergy were permitted to marry-from that period, their only care was to provide for their wives and children. This, the dignitaries who had ample revenues, could easily effect, with the loss, however, of that respect and veneration which they for

LONDON :-J. Robins and Co. Ivy Lane,
Paternoster Row; J. Robins, jun, and
Co. S8, Lower Ormond Quay, Dublin;
and all Booksellers, &c.

No. 42.

Or, The Chieftain's Weekly Gazette.

PRIVATE MEMOIRS OF

CAPTAIN ROCK.

CHAPTER XXIX.

SATURDAY, DECEMBER 17, 1825.

a miserable kind of life; and,
though I longed to enter upon my
new office of nocturnal dictator,
the private affairs of my family de-

OLD CAPTAIN ROCK'S EPITAPH.-manded some slight attention ere

HIS MORAL AND POLITICAL

MAXIMS.

OVER the grave in which my father had been quietly inurned,' I subsequently laid a plain slab, on which my son had lately engraved the following inscription:

This Rock, his monun.ent aloft
Shall speak the tale to many an age;
And hither, bards and heroes oft

Shall come in secret pilgrimage:
And bring their Rockite sons and tell
The wondering boys where Alla fell:
And swear them on those lone remains
Of their lost country's ancient fanes,
Never-while breath of life shall live
Within them-never to forgive
The accursed race, whose ruthless chain
Hath left on Erin's neck a stain-
Blood, blood alone can cleanse again!'

}

It is a trite saying, that we live by the quick and not by the dead.' However we may mourn the event which separates us from those we have loved or reverenced, the circumstances which surround all thinking people are continually and forcibly withdrawing their thoughts from their defunct relatives. The business of life requires the attention of those who inhabit this world; and the more necessity compels us to act, the more indifferent we become to the claims of grief. This I found to be peculiarly my case after the death of the old chieftain. Much as I sorrowed for his decease, the difficulties which environed me at this period left me no time to dwell on his memory. The guardians of the public peace were in continual pursuit of me; and the hundreds who now hailed me as their chief chided the tardiness with which I made preparations to revenge the death of my father. Between the apprehensions of arrest, and the importunities of my friends, I led

the commencement of the cam-
paign.

SON, DECIMUS ROCK. 'My son, attend to the counsels of thy father; for they are the fruits of experience. He has seen and suffered much; and we can become wise only by observation. Be attentive. Treasure what thou hearest; and undervalue not the wisdom of the aged.

MAXIM I.

With all decent expedition I
arranged my household affairs, dis-
charged my father's pecuniary en.
gagements, and gave directions
concerning the management of my
paternal farm; for I dared not ven-
ture to cultivate it with my own
hands, even were I so disposed.
Having thus put every thing in its
proper train, I recollected the
packet handed me by the aged
chieftain previous to his dissolu-.
tion. To ascertain the contents of
this mysterious paper was an ob-
vious duty; and, accordingly, put-
ting it in my pocket, I retired to a
silent and retired spot in Rock-your children must inherit.'
glen. With much anxiety I broke
open the seal; and, having un-
folded the envelope, an old parch-
ment dropped out.
ment dropped out. This proved
to be a genealogical account of
our family, and a list of three
thousand three hundred and
three battles, in which the chief-
tains of ten generations had been
engaged. This document was of
considerable value, being a kind
of martial biography of the Rocks.
The successor always recorded the
deeds of his immediate predecessor;
and, of course, I did not neglect
to perform that duty to the me-
mory of my father.

In the first place, love your country; and, remember, that thou art the descendant of ancestors famous in their generation; and that their example is worthy of imitation. Keep this in mind, and thou wilt never act otherwise than brave and generous. A stain on your escutcheon is a mark of infamy which

MAXIM II.

Tithe-proctors and parsons are the natural enemies of Ireland. To destroy them, therefore, is a work of patriotism. If you are a true Rock, you will be foremost in this national work.'

MAXIM III.

The brave are always generous. To strike a man while he is down, is the action of a coward.'

MAXIM IV.

Never take away a proctor's life-if cutting off both his ears would serve your purpose.'

MAXIM V.

Another paper contained a sur-
vey of our family's ancient patri-
mony; but the one on which I set
the greatest value was that which
bespoke the venerable captain's
regard for the interests of his son.
It was written in classic Irish; for
he would never condescend to ad-
dress his children in English. I
have made the following translation
of these sage maxims, for the in--it is unnecessary:

Land pirates are an abomina

Give them no quarter; but never punish the tenant if you can catch the landlord; for the poor have many miseries the rich many consolations.'

till you are drunk-it is beastly. Whiskey, however, may be drank at all times, and in any quantity.'

'

MAXIM VIII.

Magistrates are the instruments of tyranny. Obstruct them on all occasions; and never seek justice at their hands. Be always judge in your own case.'

MAXIM IX.

Never let a friend want that which you can give him; nor a poor man that assistance which you can render him.'

MAXIM X.

Never let there be peace in Ireland till tithes are abolished.' MAXIM XI.

Never change your religion. The trunk is always better than the boughs; so mustthe parent religion be better than its branches. A wise man might embrace an original creed; but none but a fool, or a hypocrite, would join separatists. They are merely ephemeral excresences.'

MAXIM XII.

Death

All who live must die. is, therefore, to be met with fortitude; because cowardice cannot ultimately avert it.'

ROCK'S SEVENTH LETTER TO

IRISH LANDLORDS.

LANDLORDS, Notwithstanding the advice I have already given you-notwithstanding the information I have already laid before you-and, notwithstanding the arguments I have used-you appear still to be the dupes of erroneous opinions,-opinions injurious to your own interests, and diametrically opposed to the welfare of your country and the good of the people. You are almost to a man advocates for disfranchising the forty-shilling freeholders; and, ac. cording to the newspapers, many of you have it in contemplation to disinherit your smaller tenantry, and drive thousands into exile or beggary. It is said,' says Mr. O'Connell, that the destruction of the forty-shilling voters would thin the population. I have heard declaimers actually figure to themselves the solitude and desolation which would ensue. I have heard also noble-minded and pure-hearted visionaries hold similar language. Alas, my countrymen! The population of Ireland owes ** These Memoirs have now nothing to the patriotism, or even brought me down to an eventful to the ambition of our landlords. period-the Munster Insurrection They owe every thing to the perof 1784. As I acted a leading manent pecuniary interests of those part in this guerrila war, my Me- landowners. If the scoundrel race moirs must now become even more of Scotch economists-the most important and interesting. As two heartless gang that ever yet denumbers more, however, will con- graded humanity-if that gang clude the first volume of my lite- could practically convince the Irish rary labour, I have determined to landowners that man was, and is in defer the Thirtieth Chapter until Ireland, an unproductive animal, the appearance of the first number the latter would soon do what the of the second volume. This will, cool-blooded and most inhuman of course, be published on the first Scotch landlords have done-put Saturday in January, and a chap-out the fires, torn down the dwelter shall regularly appear every week. If our family history, even before my time, is in a great measure the history of Ireland, it surely has become more intimately so since I assumed the chieftainship. With all the public characters of the last forty years I have been intimate; and, consequently, my private Memoirs cannot be uninteresting. Rоск.

lings, and dismissed to the wilds
of America the peasants, whose
fathers bled in every vein to sus-
tain their state and dignity. They
would, as the vile Scotch land-
owners did-turn the once popu-
lous farms into sheep-walks.
it will not do in Ireland. Our
climate and soil are too valuable
for that. Agriculture, the grow-

But

ing of wheat, barley, oats, and potatoes, for the men; ay, and to fatten the pigs, is the most productive mode of employing Irish lands.'

Notwithstanding the truth of what is contained in the latter part of this extract, the great leader' has reckoned without his host. He admits, by inference, that disfranchising the forty-shilling freeholders would tend to depopulate the country, were it not counteracted by the immediate avarice of the landlords; who, he thinks, must see that small farms tend to keep down the price of labour; and, while labour is cheap in Ireland, rents will be high. Nothing was ever uttered more true than this; but are your body convinced of it? No, you are not; because you are always led away by popular opinion, and English and Scotch economists. These proclaim, with trumpet tongue, that Ireland is burdened with a surplus popula tion; that farms are too small; and, accordingly, you are deter mined to thin the inhabitants. In this mischievous work you have already commenced; for, twelve days after Mr. O'Connell had put the above upon paper, the Dublin Evening Post' put forth the following:

' The prosperity of the farming interest has been felt by the rural community in general; and it has produced that kind of tranquillity which is the only one that can be expected in Ireland, until a very great and radical change shall occur, if we may say so, in the very constitution of society. We are reminded by a cotemporary, that certain proprietors have given their tenants notice to quit, by the 1st of May next. "The Mail," (the journal in question) asserts, that one hundred thousand such notices have been given; and the editor computes that six hundred thousand human beings will be thrown houseless on the world by the 1st of May next. We can scarcely bring ourselves to credit this asser

a

tion. It is unlikely, we think, that on the eve of a General Election, when the forty-shilling freeholders are so valuable a commodity, that gentlemen should adopt such summary mode of getting rid of the superflux. That, however, many notices are given, we have occasion to know, and we apprehend, that, after the Election, the ejectments will multiply. The scenes that will follow are by no means exaggerated; yet there is one feature which has been omitted by "The Mail"—that, should such a sudden and destructive measure be adopt. ed, the interior will be filled with outrage, buraings, and massacre; and these consequences will be attributed by the faction, of which this journal is the organ, not to the causes which it has now stated, but to Lord Wellesley's government and the Catholic religion. At present, matters look more cheerful than they have done for many years; and let us hope that measures will be adopted to prevent the consequences which seem to be anticipated, At the same time, it is quite evident, that, if they had nothing but themselves to consider,

it would be the interest of the landlords to depopulate their farms.'

This editor is a wise man in his generation. Nearly every Catho lic meeting in Ireland, during the last six months, have returned him a vote of thanks; and, at the Catholic Association, he is a useful member. In fact, he is looked upon as a kind of little Solomon, in Dublin-a second Daniel; but, the truth is, he is as big a blockhead as ever spun leading articles for a newspaper; and in that depart.

ment there are contained some ad

con

mirable dunces. During the last
six weeks, Mr. Conway, the said
editor, is writing long paragraphs
about the English funds;
fesses himself a disciple of Cobbett;
and is, of course, making himself
quite as ridiculous as his master.
He knows nothing about finance;
and he knows even less (to use an
Irishism) about political economy.

I had occasion to remark this be-
fore: but the conclusion of the
above extract proclaims the fact
more loudly. None but a man
without two original ideas would
have put forth, that it was the
interests of the landlords to depo-
pulate their lands. But hear Fred.
Conway once more :—

The great evil, as the econo.
mists tell us, of Ireland-and the
only evil which it is almost impos-
sibic to contend with-is the sys.
tem of letting and sub-letting;
which splits the country into small
farms, and tends to the promotion
of that other greater evil still-the
population. We are not disposed
to under-rate this evil; or to deny
its consequences. But what can be
done? Admitted, that a farm of
500 acres laid out in grazing,
and which might be regulated by
the labour of twenty men, would
produce, at the present prices, and
with the present demand for cattle
from England, thrice the income
which could be dragged from the
sweat and bones of two hundred
and fifty tenants. But what is the
landlord to do who has a portion
of his land so circumstanced?

(and, among the rest, that of a woman labouring in childbirth,) the noble Marquis succeeded; and these places, which swarmed with a hardy population, are now some of the best sheepwalks in the Highlands of Scotland. Lord Stafford's system has been pursued by other great proprietors; and the Highlands, we are told, are fast becom. ing a most civilized and orderly community; that is to say, those people who remain behind, are of a very superior order to those who have been shipped off to Mirimichi; and who, we have just now ascertained, have become the victims of a desolating conflagra. tion.'

This sage thinks it would be your interest-if you dare to get rid of your present tenantry; that is, to do as your brethren of Scotland have done. The Morning Chronicle' has been dinning our ears about these Highlands, and has called on you to do the same. Hesitate, I pray you, before you listen to this advice; for what is the fact? The Highland proprictors have repented-have been disappointed-and are now returning "The Mail" tells us, that in seve- to the old system!!! With the ral cases (he states in one hundred motives of Lady Stafford,' says a thousand) notices of ejectment writer in the Edinburgh Magaare served; and that, in conse-zine,' we have nothing to do; quence, more than half a million they may have been such as the au of human creatures will be thrown thor describes, or they may have houseless on the world. For the been the reverse; but, before he reasons mentioned above, we dis-undertook her defence, he should credit the statement; and, though have made himself acquainted with even the notices should be served, the facts. When he describes the we are inclined to doubt the possi-people as " habitually opposed to bility of its accomplishment. We improvement," and as "rendering are aware that such things have a large rental, in a great measure, been done in the Highlands of Scot- nominal," by their inveterate ad land; that, to use the words of diction to ancient habits, he talks Malthus, in " The Morning Chro- in utter ignorance of their characnicle," Lord Stafford, finding it ter, and of the results of which the more advantageous to grow sheep modern improvements have been than men, on his wife's estates in productive. That they are not the Highlands, served notices to quit in the first instance; and, the Highlanders not quitting, his agent actually caused some of the villages to be burnt over their heads. This being done, and lives being lost,

66

66

habitually opposed to improvement," is demonstrated by the fact, that they have improved wherever they were allowed the time necessary for that purpose; and, that the landlords who retained the na.