private fortune, in the speculation; and as sovereign gave it every support. Its length is about thirty-five miles. Its principal supply is a small river near Neustadt. The plane of its course inclines above three hundred feet, and is divided into fifty-two locks: the breadth of it within the lines of Vienna is above twenty-eight feet. Only vessels of the come pany are allowed to navigate it, they are 72 feet long by 63 broad, and a cargo of 600 cwt is easily towed by one horse.

SKETCHES OF VIENNA. [Continued from p. 319, Vol. V.] Few travellers seem to consider, that the vicinity of the Austrian capital has any particular beauties worthy of their attention. Winter is the general season for their visit there, and being immersed in the pleasures of masquerades, balls, theatres, &c. they quit Vienna in the spring without having extended their observations to the distance of Oedenburg in Hungary is the point, whence three miles beyond the barriers. one branch is to extend to Raab; and the. The royal seats of Schoenbrunn and Lax-other through the Eisenburg comitat, and enburg, the numerous villas of the nobility, inner Austria, to Oberlaybach in Carinthia. the banks of the majestic Danube, the rich- That no impediment might interrupt this ness of the scenery, and the amiable simpli- great national concern, the emperor in 1799 city of the peasantry, have great charms for ordered that all delinquents for minor offences, the painter, the moralist, and the man of who had conducted themselves orderly and. general research. peaceably in prison, should be employed on the canal. They were brought from all parts of the empire; the company agreed to victual them, but the city magistrate was to procure them lodging.

We shall commence this article with some account of that great national work,

The Navigable Canal.

The munificence of Francis II. is peculiarly distinguished by the establishment of an inland water-comminunication, which was projected in the commencement of the last century. In 1719, Charles VI. declared Trieste and Fiume to be free ports, and made a harbour at Porto-Re in Dalmatia. In 1726 the famous road from Carlstadt to Fiume was begun. The empress in 1752 built a mole at Trieste, which, in spite of all opposition, proved so truly advantageous to that port, that its population has doubled itself since ber reign. The canal passes near the emperor's palace at Laxenbuig, and its banks are ornamented with poplars. It crosses the high road to Baden, Timous for its mineral waters, and proceeds on to Neustadt. The dreary waste of Steinfeld was first colonized by the empress Theresa in 1763; she caused a village to be built and peopled it with Tvrolians. What a delight would it be to that amiable sovereign if she could see her labours rewarded as they are at present by fruitful fields, fine gardens, and a flourishing colony! The church bears a long inscription in Latin, commemorative of her patriotic spirit.

The first grand object of the projectors of this canal (three gentlemen of Neustadt] was, to facilitate the conveyance of coal from the neighbouring mines; and by a comunnication with the Adriatic, not only to increase the internal coininerce of the Hereditary States, but also to give to the trade of the southern provinces à decided advantage, by means of intercourse with the Danube. One of the gentlemen undertook a journey to England, to perfect himself in the knowledge of our collieries, iron-works, &c. The emperor offered himself as a partner, with his VOL V. [Lit. Pan. Jan. 1809.]

It is to be regretted, for the sake of antiquity, that no person has undertaken to collect and register the numerous remains of ancient times which have been discovered, viz. Roman bricks and medals, fragments of statues and columns, urns, vaults with iron bars and doors, &c.

reader to the
We shall now beg leave to conduct the

Coal Mines at Schanerlenten.
The mansion of count Pergen, called
Sebenstein, lies on our road. Some years
ago it was fitted up in the true chivaleresque
style. The count received his visitors with
all the courtliness of a cavalier, and conduct-
ed them to the armoury, which was well
furnished with Teutonic insignia, arms, &c.
then he led them into the great hall; where
the company womed them by a shake of
the hand, and they drank " prosperity to
the brotherhood," out of a Cologne tankard,
that had seen more than forty lustres. The
table was covered with a cold collation and
fruits, and a tame roebuck frisked about the
hall claiming its pittance from the guests.

The coal mines were first discovered by a smith in the village; by pursuing a rivulet that brought coal down from the mountains, he found a very rich vein. He concealed his treasure as well as he could, and continued to supply his forge from time to time. After two years he was surprised one day by the owner of the forest, and accused of injuring his property. The affair was carried into a court of justice, the mountain was examined, and since that period the capital and its neighbourhood have been supplied with this fuel. As the miners are placed on a kind of 2 C

military establishment, and under the greatest | The Fisherman's House is curiously paintsubordination, it was asked, who was theired with all the implements of his art; and enemy?" He is over and under us, day with caricatures of the low vices of drunkenand night," exclaimed a lad; and willness, laziness, litigiousness, &c. The grant us neither a truce nor peace. The soldier in the field sees his enemy, but ours attacks us unseen with the impetuosity of an open foe, and the treachery of an assassin." Their moral is inscribed in large characters on a door," Do what is right, and fear no

"House of Pleasure," so termed, is full of allegorical paintings representing the Aus-trian character, as some think; but according to others, a satire on human life. Near the theatre is an equestrian statue of Joseph II in bronze, with the genii of Agriculture, Commerce, and Legislature, personified on the pedestal. There are various other objects which we must omit.

DESCRIPTION OF LORD PENRYN'S SLATE
QUARRY, NEAR BANGOR, NORTH WALES.

This quarry was the property of the late Lord Pentyn. It is on the side of a lofty mountain, and within half a mile of the great post road from Capel Cerig to Bangor, in the county of Carnarvon.

slates are made and framed in a complete manner for use: they are also exported in great quantities.

Having described the quarry, it would be. doing injustice to the distinguished taste of Lady Penryn to pass over in silence her beautiful cottage, which, by her polite attention, is allowed to be seen by every person travelling this part of Wales. It is simply elegant; a fine lawn before the house extends to the

This quarry may be reckoned one of the curiosities of Carnarvonshire; and any tra- rapid river Ogwin; and immediately opposite, veller taking the tour of North Wales should the slate quarry, screened by a stupendous not omit seeing it. The solid masses of mountain at the back, gives this place a most slate dug from the summit to the base are romantic appearance. The walks in the from 80 to 100 feet; and when the sun domain are laid out with uncommon taste; reflects its beams on its sides, it gives the and on the summit of a high rock, which finest prismatic colours imaginable. The bends its craggy brow over the Ogwin, the dividing the strata of slate from the main view is prodigiously grand. Near the foot of body appears to a stranger beholding the the hill is a great fall of water, over large workmen a service of danger, particularly rocks, roots of trees, &c. and would make when they are employed in splitting the rock one of the richest studies possible for any from the summit. This is effected by a artist to take his subject from. Lady Penryn small beam fastened to the top, with two has fixed on this rock several seats, formed ropes at each end, on which four, five, or of wood painted like mushrooms, that have ix men frequently stand, and with their iron a most novel and whimsical appearance. crows and sledge-hammers flake off the slate About a mile from the cottage is the farm, from the sides, in pieces from two to eight This also lays claim to the visitor's attention. feet in thickness, and six to seven in length. as being the completest thing of the kind in In other places, the slate rock is divided by Wales. The poultry-yard, pig-styes, dairies, blasts from gunpowder. From the miners, and all the offices, are composed entirely of the different pieces go to the persons who highly polished slate; and water is laid into shape them. This is done on the spot; and every division in such abundance, as makes when finished they are put into small waggons the poultry and pigs superior to those that in that hold near half a ton each, and from general are to be met with. Her ladyship this are conveyed along an iron railway, which has fitted up two rooms in this farm, where runs on a gentle declivity for two miles and a the family frequently dines. The cottage is half to Port Penryn, and from thence ship-called Ogwin Bank; and the stables, stairs ped to Iraend, Scotland, and many parts of of the cottage, &c. are all made of slate. England.

is of a The slate produced from this quarry remarkably fine quality, a close texture, very light, and a bright sea-green colour in general, but some parts of the strata are a purple blue. They form them of different sizes, for the different purposes they may be used for; such as grave-stones, chimney-pieces, and covering for houses. The first are prepared with a high polish, about six inches thick, and fit for the sculptor's hand, without any further trouble than his engraving: these are generally sold by the ton weight. Others, that are only half finished, to be used for stairs, horse-blocks, &c. are left in that state to be formed according to the purposes wanted, are also sold by the ton: the first are sold at about 55 and called imperial; the latter at 30s. per ton. For the roofs of houses, three sorts are made, and go under the following descriptions: duchesses, countesses, and ladies: the first measure 24 inches by 12, and sell for £6 per thousand; the next, 20 inches by 10, and sell for £4 per thousand; and ladies, 16 inches by 8, sell for £2 per thousand. At the port of Peuryn school

ROYAL INSTITUTION.

The Objects of the Royal Institution are the advancement and diffusion of Useful Knowledge, and the application of Experimental Science to the purposes of life.

For attaining these ends it has been provided with a spacious Theatre for the delivery of Public Lectures; with a Chemical Labo ratory for the pursuit of new useful Investigations; with a collection of Specimens in Mineralogy and Geology for the use of Students in these Sciences; with an Apparatus Room containing the Instruments necessary for Mechanical and Physical Investigations, and Models of useful Inventions with a Library of Reference, and Reading Rooms containing the Monthly Publications and daily Newspapers.

In the Theatre, Annual Courses of Lectures are delivered on the most useful branches of Experimental Science, by the Professors to the Institution; and Lecturers are engaged from time to time, in different branches of general Science, Literature, and the Fine

Arts. The names of the Lecturers and the subjects are noufied in the weekly cards sent round to the Members.

The following Arrangements are made for the present Year :

The Lectures on Experimental Chemistry, Electro-Chemical Science, and Geology, are delivered by H. Davy, Esq. Sec. R. S.

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The Reading Rooms are open every day except Sunday, from 9 o'clock in the morning, till 11 o'clock at night. They contain the most respectable new publications, with all the scientific and literary Journals both Fo

Those on Mechanical Philosophy, by Wil-reign and English; the English, Scotch, and liam Allen, Esq. F. R. S.

Those on Astronomy, by John Pond, Esq. F. R. S.

Those on Botany, by James Edward Sunith, M. D. Pres. Lin. Soc. and F. R S.

Those on History and Poetry, by the Rev. W. Crowe, Public Orator in the University of Oxford.

Those on Music, by Mr. Samuel Wesley.
Those on Perspective, by Mr. John George

Wood.

Irish Newspapers, and such Foreign ones as can be obtained.

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In the Laboratory, which is under the direction of the Professor of Chemistry, and which is open to any scientific persons who may propose important chemical investigations, series of experiments are continually carried on; Minerals and substances likely to be useful in Agriculture, Arts, and Manufactures, are analysed, and researches tending to The fourth Class consists of Subscribers to the progress of useful discovery prosecuted; of the results of these many have been already the Lectures on Chemistry and Natural Phipublished, particularly Researches upon Tan-losophy, and the Collection of Mineralogy ning, the Principles of Electrical Decomposition, and the Nature of the Alkalies and the Earths. In this Laboratory there is now constructing, in consequence of the liberal Contributions, of a few Individuals, a Volic Apparatus of great power, which will soon be brought into use, and which will ascertain how far the analytical operations of this new and extraordinary instrument can be extended and applied to useful purposes.

and Geology: the Subscription for this De-
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iods of Subscription.

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Subscribers.

Ladies subscribing Two Guineas each, a e admitted to all the Public Lectures, and to the Collection of Mineralogy and Geology; The Collection of Minerals is arranged acand any Lady subscribing Four Guineas may cording to the latest Geological and Mineralo-introduce any one of her unmarried Daugh gical Discoveries, and is open every Monday ters; and for every additional Guinea any and Wednesday, from 12 to 3 o'clock, to one more of her unmarried Daughters. those Proprietors and Subscribers who may be desirous of studying Mineralogy and Geology. The speciniens have names ailixed to them, and the order is such, that all the different classes may be examined with the greatest quickness and facility.

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There are two Terms for Lectures, one from Dec. 10 to March 1; the other from March 10 to July 1. The privileges of An nual Subscribers close on the 10th of March of the year ensuing that in which they are subscribed; but Annual. Subscribers whose names are proposed between Dec. 10 and March 10, are considered as entitled to their privileges till March 10, the following yea

At six P.M. of the same day came to an anchor, about one mile and a half below Kow-how Point. As we were at some disgale and was remarkably cold; I desired the tance from Macao, and the second mate was rather unwell, capt. G. desired that I would, at daylight in the morning, get the cutter out, and make the best of my way to Macao, in order to get a pilot off as soon as possible, and a compadore with provisions, of which we were very short.

On the 9th I was sent on board the Junk On the the 7th at sunrise I left the ship, in which the chief of the flag resided; but the in the cutter, with six Lascars, having with Lascars were kept on board the Junk which us two muskets. About half past seven A.M. captured us. The chief's Junk mounted ten having pulled a little to windward of Kow-guns, of which two were long eighteen pounhow Point, came to an anchor, to step the boat's masts. The tide at strong ebb. Observed several vessels of different sizes coming from the northward, which I then imagined to be fishermen; though I found afterwards they were Ladrones. One Junk in particular, seemed to be coming from Macao, she being then sone way inside of Cabaretta Point,