"Bass" from Lord Burton, and their "Guinness" from Lord Iveagh or Lord Ardilaun, while the late Lady Meux owned or was largely interested in a well-known brewery.

The Earl De La Warr, who has done so much to make Bexhill one of the most popular seaside resorts on the south coast, has had a good business experience, and is the proprietor of the Sackville Hotel at Bexhill.

Another peer interested in hotels is the Earl of Leitrim, who was one of those peers who considered it his duty to go to the front during the South African War.

There are many titles in connection with finance in the City, apart from those famous men who have made fortunes in trade and have had titles bestowed on them for one reason or another. Their name is legion, and, naturally, they have no place in this article.

One of the first peers to go into business was Lord Archibald Campbell, one of the sons of the late Duke of Argyll, and brother and heir presumptive to the present Duke, who is husband of H.R.H. Princess Louise.

Lord Archibald is a managing partner in the famous banking house of Messrs. Coutts and Co. Out

Lord Rayleigh, a famous scientist, who also owns A flourishing business as purveyor of dairy produce

Photo, George Newnes

chief commodities of life is Lord Rayleigh, whose dairies are justly celebrated for their milk and dairy produce. Lord Rayleigh has a great reputation as a scientist, and, in association with Sir William Ramsay, discovered one of the rare gases of the atmosphere, named argon.

Lord Sudeley is the owner of a flourishing jam business, and makes a speciality of whole fruit jam.

So many brewers have been made peers that it is one of the recognised jokes among a certain section of the Press to speak of the peerage as the beerage." People may buy their

One of Lord Rayleigh's London dairy shops in the West End of London

Record Press

of business, he is an author who has written several poems, and a painter whose home is decorated, to a great extent, by the work of his own brush.

The Hon. Claude Hay, M.P., the son of the Earl of Kinnoull, is a partner in Messrs. Ransford and Co., stockbrokers, and so is Mr. Charles Scudamore Stanhope, the brother of the Earl of Chesterfield, while two brothers of the Earl of Yarborough are also members of the House, as the Stock Exchange is always called.

Another member is Lord Acheson, while Lord Lurgan's brother, Mr. Francis Cecil Brownlow, and Lord Dudley's brother, Mr. Ward, are partners in the firm of J. B. Millar and Co.

Lord Charles Montague is head of the firm of Messrs. Montague, Oppenheim and Co.

In connection with the Stock Exchange, it is interesting to recall the fact that the Duke de Vizeu, the eldest son of Don Miguel of Braganza, who was reported to have come to an agreement with King Manuel of

Photo, Lanr

Mrs. Hwfa Williams

Portugal to support his Majesty in the event of his restoration to the throne, worked as a clerk in the office of Messrs. Basil Montgomery, Fitzgerald and Co., and is said to have been a very good clerk indeed. He married Miss Anita Stewart, the daughter of the Chicago millionaire, commonly known Silent Smith," because he seldom spoke to anyone. The wedding took place at Dingwall, and was the first Royal wedding celebrated in Scotland since Mary Stuart was a bride.

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Lord Wolverton was engaged in the tin-plate business in New York before he went into the family banking firm of Messrs. Glynn, Mills and Co.

The Earl of Ranfurly, who traces his ancestry back to William Penn, the founder of Pennsylvania, and owns much property in the irrigation colonies of Victoria, had at one time the largest fruit farm in Mildura. He is a skilled gardener, and, besides supervising his men, used to do a great deal of pruning and planting himself.

The late Marquis of Bute became a wine merchant as the result of an experiment which he was induced to

Among the ladies in trade, priority of place belongs, naturally, to the duchesses. The Duchess of Abercorn has a most successful creamery at Barons Court, the Duke's seat in Ireland.

The Countess of Essex, who is one of the peeresses America has given us, for she was Miss Adela Beach Grant, of New York, had at one time the idea of running a laundry in association with Mrs. Hwfa Williams, who is equally well known in the most select circles of society. Eventually, however, it was found to be too great a

Lady Wimborne, whose religious activities are well known, opened and ran a theological bookshop in Bond Street Photo, F. Russell & Sons

make by his researches. He was a great antiquarian, and he discovered that in pre-Reformation days the Welsh monks used to make wine from grapes grown near Cardiff. He, accordingly, had some vines planted about six miles from that flourishing town, and the first vintage resulted in the production of forty gallons of wine. Some years later the vintage produced a gross sum of £3,000, which was more than the whole experiment had cost. Some of the wine was of such excellent quality that it fetched £5 15s. a dozen.

The first peer who actually opened a shop in London was the Earl of Harrington. It was called the Elvaston Fruit Stores, after Elvaston Castle, Derby, one of the seats of this peer. The stores were situated near Charing Cross, where apples and other outdoor fruit, as well as fruit grown under glass, and vegetables, in addition to flowers, could be bought.

As women in a less exalted social sphere are going into

Lady Angela Forbes, whose artistic flower shop was a well-known feature of

George Street, Portman Square

Photo, Rita Martin

trouble, and the idea was abandoned. Lady Wimborne, who at one time was so notable a hostess in London, had a shop in Bond Street, where Bibles and Church books were sold.

Lady Molesworth has established a jam factory at Walters Hall, near Minster-on-Sea. At her old home large quantities of jam used to be made, and in one year, it is said, nearly a ton was manufactured. Between three and four years ago it was decided to convert the old brewhouse adjoining the hall into a factory, and to go into the business on a larger scale. The building was accordingly given a new roof, and was fitted with a cooking plant capable of turning out half a ton of jam a day. All the goods made at Walters Hall are

Coronet Brand," and are guaranteed to be made of pure, unadulterated fruit and pure sugar, a highly desirable condition in these days when certain unscrupulous manufacturers introduce other ingredients into their products. At first Lady Molesworth did not supply the trade, as her private connection was so large that it kept the factory as busy as she wanted it to be.

Just as people who care about buying their dairy produce from a peer can do So, so ladies could until recently buy flowers from a woman of title, for Lady Angela Forbes had a flower shop in George

Another titled woman connected with the flower industry is Lady Eileen WyndhamQuin, daughter of Lord Dunraven, who runs a violet farm at Adare, her father's Irish seat. The products of the soil have a great deal of attraction also for the Hon. Frances Wolseley, the daughter of Field-Marshal Viscount Wolseley, the famous soldier. She has a school for women gardeners at Glynde, Sussex. It is interesting to recall that she is the heir to her father's title under special remainder.

Not only are certain titled men interested in hotels, but also titled women. Lady Burton has a fine hotel at Aviemore, which commands a lovely view of the Cairngorm Range, while the widowed Lady Augusta Orr-Ewing has another hotel, with good golf links attached, at Dunskey, near Stranraer, in Wigtownshire.

One of the hardest worked members of the aristocracy is Lady Auckland, who, after having been reduced from-it is said£20,000 a year to comparative poverty, opened a shop for artistic furniture and seventeenth century silver. Instead of leaving

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the chief newspapers prints an article from her pen regularly every week.

Another well-known dressmaker is Lady Affleck, who determined to go into business, and obtained an engagement at Selfridge's as a sort of critic. An account was opened for her, and she made purchases in the various departments. When these were delivered to her she wrote a report on them. This was so valuable that after a time she was offered a position as one of the chief saleswomen in the costume department, and those ladies who were waited on by Madame Julia will have the satisfaction of knowing that it was Lady Affleck who served

Lady Auckland, who opened a shop for the sale of artistic furniture and antique silver, and devoted her entire energies to its conduct Photo, Rita Martin

the practical work to subordinates, she used herself to be at the office by ten o'clock in the morning, and rarely left before six in the afternoon, while she personally attended to her clients.

In the dressmaking world the name of Madame Lucile is one with which to conjure. It conceals the identity of Lady Duff Gordon, one of the survivors of the illfated Titanic, who, beginning in a small way, soon developed an enormous connection by reason of her enterprise, cleverness, and wonderful taste. It was she who introduced the idea of "emotional gowns," which were first worn on the stage by Mrs. Brown Potter, herself a society actress. From the stage, the idea was taken up in private, and for a time had a great vogue. Now, in addition to her other establishments, Lady Duff Gordon has paratively recently opened an establishment in New York, where her authority is so great that one of

Photo. Thomson

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