αοί-φ άοι-φ |αοί

αοί-φ

Plural.

οι φ άοι-φ

· φιλ-τοί-οί, μην ἐοι-οι, ο ἐοι-οῖ, το εοί-οί, μεθον ἑοι-οῖ, σθον εοί-οί, στην εοί-οί, μεθα ἑοι-οῖ, σθε ἑοι-οῖ, ντο 3. χρυσ-οοί-οι όοι-οι όοι-οι οοί-οί

όοι-οι

οοί-οί |οοί-οί

όοι-οι

όρι-οι

Pres. and Imperf. 1. τιμ-άεσθαι-ᾶσθαι. 2. φιλέεσθαι-εῖσθαι. 3. χρυσόεσθαι·οῦσθαι.

The middle voice is contracted like the passive, it having the same present and imperfect tenses. 6. In contracted verbs the vowel before ow in the 1st fut. and before ka in the perfect, is generally long, as τιμάω, τιμήσω, τετίμηκα; φιλέω, φιλήσω, πεφίληκα; χρυσόω, χρυσώσω, κεχρύσωκα.

EXCEPTIONS.

7. 1st, Verbs in άω, that have ε, ι, λ, or o pure, before άω (and some others), form their first future in άσω and perfect in ara, as ἰάω, ἐάσω, εἴακα; so κοπιάω, γελάω, ἐράω.-2ndly, Some verbs in έω make έσω and era, as αἰδέω, ἀρκέω, ἐμέω, &c. and some of two syllables, in εύσω and ευκα, as πνέω to breathe, πλέω to sail, χέω to pour.3rdly, Some verbs in όω make όσω and ora, as ἀρύω to Mogh, όμύω to swear, ὀνόw to blame.

8. Contracted verbs generally want the 2nd aor., 2nd fut. and perfect middle. But

9. The second aorist, when used, is formed from the imperfect by casting away the vowel before ον, ὡς ἐτίμαον, ἔτιμον; ἐφίλεον, ἔφιλον.

A TABLE OF CONTRACTED VERBS CONJUGATED THROUGH THE TENSES OF THE INDICATIVE.

11. The formation of the tenses is the same as in τύπτω throughout all the voices.

SECTION XIV.

OF THE SECOND CONJUGATION, OR OF DECLINING VERBS IN μι.

1. THE conjugation of verbs in με flows from the contracted verbs in αω, εω, and ow.

2. These verbs, though rarely used in the present, imperfect, and second aorist, are, however, declined after a peculiar manner in those three tenses, their other tenses being formed nearly as verbs in w.

OF THE FORMATION OF VERBS IN μι, AND OF THEIR TENSES.

3. Verbs in με are formed from verbs in αω, εω, οω, [νω, &c.] by changing the termination @ into μι, and the short characteristics a, e, o, into their long ones η, η, ω ; and by prefixing the reduplication of the first consonant with , unless the verb begins with a double or two consonants, and then t only is prefixed; thus,

ἵστημι to set, from στάω; (1 fut.) στήσω, (perf.) ἕστακα 1.
τίθημι to place, from έω; (1 fut.) ήσω, (perf.) τέθεικα.
δίδωμι to gire, from δόω ; (1 fut.) δώσω, (perf.) δέδωκα.

1 Sometimes ἕστηκα. See Port-Royal Grammar, by Nugent, p. 212.

4. Some verbs in με have a letter inserted after the reduplication, as πίμπλημι to fill, from πλάω, πίμπρημι to burn, from πράω.

5. Some are without a reduplication, as φημί to speak, σβῆμι to extinguish, ἅλωμι to take, [and all whose radical form is more than dissyllable, as δείκνυμι, &c.]

6. Sometimes, though very rarely, ε is used in the reduplication instead of t, as τέθνημι to die, from θνάω.

7. The preter-imperfect tense is formed from the present, by changing u into ŋy and prefixing the augment, unless the verb begins with t, as τίθημι, ἐτίθην; ἵστημι, ἵστην.

8. But observe that this imperfect is not so often used as another formed, as it were, from ἱστάω, τιθέω, διδόω, namely, ἵστων, ας, α ; ἐτίθουν, εις, ει ; ἐδίδουν, ους, ου. So likewise for the second person singular of the imperative is used ἵστα, τίθει, δίδου.

9. The second aorist is formed from the imperfect, by rejecting the reduplication, as ἐτίθην, ἔθην ; την, ἣν ; but e before two consonants is changed into e, as ἵστην, ἔστην.

10. The present passive is formed from the present active, by changing μ into pai, and the long vowel before με into a short one, as ἵστημι, ἵσταμαι; τίθημι, τίθεμαι; δίδωμι, δίδομαι. Except λημαι, and some others.

11. The perfect passive always has the penultima short, except the Bootie τέθειμαι 1.

12. Verbs in μ have no second future, perfect middle, nor second aorist passive; and indeed so great is their imperfection that there is scarce one to be found in every respect regular. The most perfect are the three following, ἵστημι, τίθημι, δίδωμι, and ἵημι to send.

13. A TABLE OF VERBS IN με DECLINED IN THEIR PRESENT, IMPERFECT, AND SECOND AORIST TENSES, ACTIVE, PASSIVE, AND MIDDLE.

! The penultima, however, of the first aorist ετέθην is shortened.

The learner must observe the different force in the different parts of this verb. The following tenses are transitive:

Pres.

ἵστημι, I make to stand.

Imperf. ἵστην, I did make to stand.

Fut. στήσω, I will make to stand.
Aor. 1. Έστησα, I established.

The following are intransitive:

Αor. 2. ἔστην, I stood.

Perf. ἕστηκα, I have taken my stand, or I am fired or established.]

3 Ionic or Poetic : in Ionic and Attic prose τιθέασι.

4 In prose, in the second person singular, the forms τίθει, ἵστη, δίδου, δείκνυ are used.]

5 In the third person plural, for θέτωσαν, &c. the forms θέντων, στάντων, δόντων, are common; and similar forms may be observed in many other imperatives.]

C

The forms ἵστω, τίθου, δίδου are also used in the 2d pers. singular.

[The verbs in t have only the present and imperfect tenses after this form; and they derive the optative and subjunctive of these from forms in uw]

N.B. The present and imperfect of all moods are the same as in the passive.