following, αἰτιᾶσθαι, ἀναμνᾷν, ἀπολούειν, κωλύειν, πείθειν, τίσασθαι, chiefly because many verbs may be referred sometimes to a person, and sometimes to a thing, as wλvav åv¤ρwzov and κωλύειν πρᾶγμα 1.] [N.B. Instead of a verb active, we find sometimes the substantive from which it is derived, with ποιεῖσθαι in the accusative, as θαῦμα ποιούμενος τὴν ἐργασίαν τοῦ σιδήρου, wondering at the working of iron; and in the same way, too, we have two accusatives, from a circumstance noticed above, as ὥρκωσαν πάντες τοὺς μεγίστους ὅρκους, they made them all take the strongest oaths, and ἐμὲ τὴν τῶν παίδων παιδείαν ἐπαίδευεν, με σατε me the education of, &c.] [Again, (3.) the remote object is in the accusative, when it signifies only a part, condition, or definition, as Kadóg iori rò owμa, he is beautiful in his body. Lúpoç йy Tùy яarpica, he was a Syrian by country.] [And hence the Latins have their os humerosque deo similis. The Greeks sometimes put kará.] [(4.) Verbs which properly have not a substantive of this sort in the accusative, take this case, as often as a pronoun or other common expression takes the place of any express definition, as Ti xpoμai avry; for what shall I use it? Οὐκ οἶδα ὅτι σοι χρῶμαι, I know not for what I shall use you. Пávra evðaιovεiv, to be happy in every thing.] [(5.) And hence (i. e. from the two last remarks) we may explain the double accusative in some cases, when not the person but thing is the more remote object, as Ενίκησε τοὺς βαρβάρους τὴν ἐν Μαραθῶνι μάχην, με conquered the barbarians in the battle at Marathon. Tà μiyiora wḍiXýoete tùy módiv, ye will benefit the city in the highest degree. Hoλλá μe ŋčikŋkɛv, he injured me in many things or much.] [(6.) The accusative, which expresses duration or distance, belongs to this class, as Πολὺν χρόνον παρέμεινεν, με remained a long time. Tà #olλà raðiýdei, he sleeps the most part of his time. Απέχει δέκα σταδίους, it is ten stadia distant.] [46. It will not be difficult now to comprehend the adjective and pronoun neuter, which in Greek are put in the accusative, to express what other languages signify by a preposition and case, or an adverb, as Τοὐναντίον· οὗτος πᾶν τοὐναντίον ἐβούλετο μέν, οὐκ ἠδύνατο δέ, his wishes were exactly in the opposite way, but, &e. Τὸ λεγόμενον· ἀλλ ̓ ᾖ, τὸ λεγόμενον, κατόπιν ἑορτῆς ἥκομεν, but, according to the protero, me have come after the feast. Τὸ τοῦ ποιητοῦ ἀλλὰ γὰρ, τὸ τοῦ ποιητοῦ, ἔργον οὐδὲν ὄνειδος, but, as the poet stus, no work is a disgrace.] [B. Adjectives, &c. derived from verbs which govern the accusative, sometimes retain this case, as oi ovdtig abavárov púžiuos, none of the gods escapes thee; modda žuvioropa, knowing many thims.] [We need not observe that one accusative (of the thing) is retained in the pass, of verbs governing two; but, as in Greek, verbs which in the active take a dative of the person, can in the passive be referred to this person as a subject, so they have the thing in the accusative, as ci riv "A@ŋraiov ἐπιτετραμμένοι τὴν φυλακήν, καλό mere entrusted with the mutch, for oἷς ἡ φυλακὴ ἐπιτέτραπτο, as in Latin, inscripti nomina regum, flores, &c.} [C. Lastly, the accusative is put absolutely, i. e. without being governed by another word, verb, adjective, or preposition.] {(α) As an apposition to a whole proposition, as Ελένην κτάνωμεν, Μενελέῳ λύπην πικράν, i. e. δ (τὸ κτείνειν Ελ.) Μεν. λύπη πικρὰ ἔσται.] [(5) The substantive which contains the leading idea of the proposition, is sometimes put at the beginning in the accusative, uneonnnected with the rest of the proposition, as unripa d', si oi Orpòg ipoppārai yapisobat, “Aú ¡rw się péyapov, i, e. with regard to thy mother, let her go.] [(e) The accusative is often put in exclamations, as à iui decator, O wretched me !] [(d) Sometimes it is determined by a verb understood. Often in emphatic addresses Aiy or καλώ is understood, as σὲ τὴν νεύουσαν ἐς πεῖον κάρα, φως, ἡ καταργή. I speak to you are inclining your head to the ground: with óvopa, #àÿjdog, rues, tipes, and others, x is understood very often.] GENERAL RULES. 47. Verbs compounded with prepositions generally govern the same cases as those prepositions, as Luke xiii. 12. àredidvrat rig døvereing, thou art loosed from thy infirmity; Acts xiv. 22. 1 Matthiæ observes, that as pronouns of the neuter gender are put in the accusative with all verbs, instead of their proper case, we cannot decide that a verb governs two accusatives from merely finding one, and an accusative of a pronoun. We find such with exerga, émizmuppa, èixpodem, ésumaraça, mporarayiça. The second accusative may be often explained by a preposition, as rat provdās taukakošura, instór du a truce; and se atoparstu tu to answer to any thant, avavkače ni ta force to any thang, as rouro awaykačeli me, požudai mine ti do not ang thing for any thing; and especially verbs of dividing, where eis is to de supplied. Į ἐμμένειν τῇ πίστει, to persist in the faith; Mat. xv. 3. παραβαίνετε τὴν ἐντολήν, ye transgress the command. 48. Verbs of filling, separating, depriving, estimating, exchanging, absolving, condemning, admonishing, appeasing, besides a genitive of the more distant substantive governed by a preposition understood, and having the signs with, from, of, or for before it in English, require an accusative of the nearer, as Luke i. 53. πεινῶντας (ἀνθρώπους namely) ἐνέπλησεν ἀγαθῶν, he hath filled the hungry with good things; Demosth. Onßaiovs ravσel τns vẞpews, it will make the Thebans cease from their insolence. Comp. above, rule 35. B. (c) (d) 44. 49. Verbs of giving, saying, showing, comparing, joining, agreeing, contriving, and such like, govern an accusative of the nearer substantive, with a dative of the more distant, which latter may have in English the signs to, for, or with before it; as Eph. iv. 27. μýte didore Tónov diaßóλy, neither give place to the devil: Herodian, yvvaikì Oávarov iunxavaro, he contrived death for the woman. N.B. Thus have I selected the most common and useful rules of government in the Greek language: but these are very far from comprehending all that might be given upon such an extensive, and indeed almost inexhaustible subject. Government, in the best writers, is so extremely aris, that it seems impossible to reduce it within any certain rules; and it must be confessed, that it is often different from those here laid down 1. OF INFINITIVES AND PARTICIPLES. 50. The infinitive is put after verbs, substantives, and adjectives, as in English; thus Bovλóμrða γνώναι, we desire to know; ἐξουσίαν γενέσθαι, power to become; ἄξιος κληθῆναι, worthy to be called. 51. Instead of the infinitive is frequently used the participle agreeing with the nominative case of the preceding verb, especially with verbs of persevering, desisting, remembering, knowledge, and efectus, as ἐπαύσατο λαλών, he ceased to speak or speaking ; μέμνημαι ποιήσας, I remember to have done; aislávopai diaμaprúv, I perceive I was mistaken. 52. The infinitive mood is often governed by a noun or pronoun in the accusative case going before, to which noun or pronoun in English is or may be prefixed the conjunction that, as Mark x. 49. tiæev aròv owvŋoñvai, he ordered that he should be called, or as we also say in English, he ordered him to be called. 53. The infinitive with the neuter article ró is used as a noun in all cases, and is often joined with prepositions, as rò ppovɛiv, being wise, or wisdom; άπò тov páxɛolai, from fighting; ¿v Ty Xoñodai, in using. Comp. Heb. ii. 15. Luke xxii. 15. Acts xxv. 11. Phil. i. 21. ii. 13. 54. The infinitive, when thus applied, admits a noun in the accusative case before it, as John i. 49. =pò roù σε Þídiññov pwvñoa, before that Philip called thee, or before Philip's calling thee; John ii. 24. dià tò aỶtòv yivúdreiv távtag, because of his knowing all men. 55. A participle of whatever tense, with the article, is in meaning equivalent to the relative ög and the verb of the same tense, as ò airwv, he who asketh ; ¿ λaλýoas, he who spoke. 56. Participles govern the same cases as their verbs, as οὐκ ἐστι πένης ὁ μηδὲν ἔχων, ἀλλ ̓ ὁ zellöv ¿æiðvμov, he is not poor who has nothing, but he who desires many things. 37. The verbal noun neuter in Tɛov, denoting necessity, admits the case of its verb, and moreover a dative of the agent, as ypaжTέov ¿μoì ¿ñiσтoλýv, I must write a letter, or, more literally, there is to be written by me a letter2. OF THE CONSTRUCTION OF ADVERBS AND INTERJECTIONS. 58. Adverbs govern cases. 59. Derivative adverbs take after them such cases as the words they come from, as akiwç Tou yirors, worthily, i. e. in a manner worthy of his birth; KUKλólεv Toй Opóvov, round about the 60. Many adverbs of quantity, place, time, cause, order, concealing, separation, number, also adverbs of the comparative and superlative degrees, are joined with a genitive, as Tolouтwv ädny ¿xoμev, we have enough of such persons; πópów τñs nóλews, far from the city; xwpis avrov, without him. Comp. above, rule 34. Á. 61. Adverbs which denote accompanying or collecting have a dative, as äμa avrois, together with them; bɛoiç oμov, with the gods, i. e. assisting. 62. Adverbs of swearing are followed by an accusative, the preposition πpós by being understood, Σε μα Δία, by Jore ; νὴ τὸν Πλούτωνα, by Pluto. [Yet it may be hoped, that what is here given will be sufficient for beginners; and we refer, for further information, to the sources from which we have derived the above rules, namely Matthiæ's and Buttmann's Grammars.] * Comp. Lexicon under ẞAŋTÉOS. 63. Two or more negative adverbs in Greek deny more strongly, Luke xxii. 18. où μǹ πíw, I will by no means drink; verse 16. oùkétɩ oỷ μý páyw, I will by no means any more eat; Heb. xiii. 5. où μý σe ȧvш, oud' ov μý σe ¿ykaraλinw, I will by no means leave thee, nor will I in any wise forsake thee. Comp. Luke xxiii. 531. 64. Interjections are joined with different cases, especially the genitive, and frequently with several cases together, as aï μoi тwv åɣρŵv, woe to me for my fields! Eveka, on account of, being in such expressions understood before the genitive. OF THE CONSTRUCTION OF CONJUNCTIONS AND PREPOSITIONS. 65. The conjunctions ἐάν if; ἐπειδάν since ; ἵνα, ὄφρα, ὅπως, that, to the end that; ὅταν, ὁπόταν when; Kav and av for although, are joined with a subjunctive. 66. Οπως and πῶς hou, with an indicative. 67. "Or that has an indicative, and sometimes an optative and subjunctive; so its compounds διότι and καθότι. 68. 'Erti and Teidʼn after that, since, an indicative, and more rarely an infinitive. 69. 's that, an indicative, sometimes an optative and subjunctive, and more rarely an infinitive. 70. "QoTe so that, an infinitive, sometimes an indicative. 71. Ei is, an indicative, sometimes an optative or subjunctive. 72. "Av if, a subjunctive, sometimes an optative and indicative. 73. For the construction of the PREPOSITIONS the reader is referred to the following lexicon. SECTION XXII. GENERAL OBSERVATIONS FOR RENDERING GREEK INTO ENGLISH. 1. Every finite verb hath a nominative case with which it agrees, either expressed or understood. 2. Every adjective has a substantive expressed or understood. 3. Every relative has, in like manner, an antecedent expressed or understood. 4. Every genitive is governed by a substantive, or by a preposition expressed or understood. 5. Every dative either has in itself the force of acquisition, i. e. denotes the person or thing to or for which any thing is or is done, or is governed by some preposition expressed or understood. 6. Every accusative is governed by a verb transitive, or by a preposition expressed or understood. 7. In rendering Greek into English let the learner remember, in general, that the nominative case (if expressed) with its adjective, or the words connected with it, is to be taken before the verb, then the verb itself, and the adverb (if any) which qualifies its signification; next the accusative case after a transitive verb, or the nominative after a neuter one, or the infinitive mood; and lastly, the genitive or dative case with or without a preposition, or an accusative with one. Words expressive of the time when are usually to be taken towards the beginning of the sentence. vocative case (if any) is to be thrown in where most ornamental; and the relative, with the words connected with it, to be ranged after its antecedent. Dependent sentences, which are connected with the principal one by a conjunction, are most usually put before the principal sentence, or in the middle of it, more rarely after it. A 8. After all, USE will be the best master in directing the order in which English words translated from the Greek may be most properly and elegantly placed. SECTION XXIII. OF DIALECTS, AND PARTICULARLY OF THE ATTIC. 1. By dialects are meant the various manners of pronunciation or speaking peculiar to several sorts of people who all use the same language. Thus in England the dialect of the North differs from that of 1 See Vigerus, de Idiotism. cap. vii. sect. xii. reg. 2. and Hoogeveen's note 43. 2 That is, every verb not in the infinitive mood. 3 These differences are less now than formerly, and by a more frequent and free communication of the several parts of the kingdom with the capital, and with each other, they seem to be continually diminishing. the South, and the West-country man has a dialect distinct from both but all England being subject to one government, the dialect of the Court and of the Metropolis is the only one usually committed to writing. It was otherwise among the Greeks; for as they were divided into a number of distinct sovereign states, the authors who flourished under those several governments wrote in the dialect of the country wherein they lived; as the Italians did a few centuries ago. 2. The Greek dialects, which are preserved in the writings that are come down to us, are principally the Attic, the Ionic, and the Doric 1. To these some add the Æolic, the Boeotic, and the Poetic but as for the two former, there is but little that has escaped the ravages of time, except so far as the Eolic agrees with the Doric; and the poets that remain, except some few forms of expression peculiar to their own style, wrote in one or other of the three dialects first mentioned. 3. The inspired writers of the New Testament generally write in common Greek, such as it is described in the preceding Grammar; but of the dialects they chiefly use the Attic, which, being that of the inhabitants of Athens and its neighbourhood, was reckoned the politest of all, and is remarkable for being elegantly simple, neat, and compact; not but that the sacred penmen have occasionally interspersed the other dialects in their writings: but as they have done this sparingly, I shall here take notice only of the Attic, and content myself with noticing the few other dialectical forms in their proper places in the Lexicon. 4. The following then are THE GENERAL PROPERTIES OF THE ATTIC DIALECT. 1. The ATTICS love contractions; hence the contracted nouns and verbs belong principally to their dialect.-2. But they are not only fond of contracting syllables in the same word, but likewise blend diferent words by apostrophe, as τ' αὐτό for τὸ αὐτό, τὰ 'μά for τὰ ἐμά, τοῦτ' ἐστί for τοῦτό ἐστι, ὦ 'γαθέ for ὦ ἀγαθέ, που 'στι for ποῦ ἐστί, μή 'στι for μή ἐστι, or by Crasis, as κἀγὼ for καὶ ἐγώ, καμοί for καὶ ἐμοί, τοὐναντίον for τὸ ἐναντίον, τοὔνομα for τὸ ὄνομα.—3. They change σ into ξ, ρ, or r, as ξυνετός, θαῤῥεῖν, τήμερον, θάλαττα, for συνετός, θαρσεῖν, σήμερον, θάλασσα. But in preterperfects passive they use σ for u, as μεμάρασμαι for μεμάραμμαι.—4. In nouns they change a into e, and o into w, as Xɛws a people, vεws a temple, for λaóc and vaós. See sect. iii. 17. In the genitive of contracted nouns they use όφεως, βασιλέως, for ὄφιος, βασιλέος; and indeed almost their whole declension of contracted nouns in g and is peculiar. See sect. iii. 32, 2. 5. They use these syllabic adjections, ουν and γε, as οὔκουν not, οὐμενοῦν by no means, ἔγωγε Ι, Guys thou, adding ye throughout all cases. They often postfix to some adverbs, as vuvi now, ovxí του, ούτωσί 80, for νῦν, οὐχ, οὕτως; and to some pronouns, ἐκεινοσί, ουτοσί, for ἐκεῖνος, οὗτος; τουτουί, τουτονί, for τούτου, τοῦτον; τουτοί and τουτί, for τοῦτο; ταυτί for ταῦτα. But we meet not with thus added to pronouns in the New Testament. 6. In terbs. In the pluperfect indicative they change ɛ into ɛ, as iterúpeσav for iterúpeioav. 5o Rev. vii. 11, έστήκεσαν for ἑστήκεισαν. In futures of more than two syllables in ισω they often reject r, as in ἀφορῶ for ἀφορίσω, Mat. xiii. 49. xxν. 32 ; διακαθαριῶ for διακαθαρίσω, Mat. iii. 12 ; itap for ldapiow, Luke xix. 44. Comp. Mat. xii. 21. Luke i. 48.-In the syllabic augment of verbs they often change into n, as μeλov for eμeλλov, Luke vii. 2. xix. 4, et al. So in compounds διηκόνουν, Mat. iv. 11, et al. from διακονέω to minister; ἀπήλαυον from ἀπολαύω to enjoy. In perfects they change λε and με into et, as εἴληφα (Rev. ii. 27. iii. 3, et al.) for λέληφα; εἵμαρμαι τα μέμαρμαι. In pluperfects they cast of the prefixed e, as Mark xv. 7, πεποιήκεισαν for ἐπεποιήκεισαν ; John xi. 57, δεδώκεισαν for ἐδεδώκεισαν; Mark xiv. 44, δεδώκει for ἐδεδώκει; Mark xv. 10, παραδεδώκεισαν τον παρεδεδώκεισαν. So Lucian, Θεῶν Κρίσις, § 4, ed. Leeds, whom see, ἀποßeßAýce for áæɛßeßλýcεi.—In the temporal augment they put & before w, thus wpwv, John vi. 2; para, John i. 34, et al. for paov, "paкa; and sometimes before o, ot, and ŋ, as čоλπα for λñα, from έλπω το hope; ἔοικα (James i. 6. 23.) for εἶκα, from εἴκω to be like ; ἕηκα for ἧκα I have sent ; they resolve into ea, as in 1 aor. Eaža for hea, from ayw to break; they change & into y, as καζον, for είκαζον, from εἰκάζω to liken; they sometimes prefix the two first letters of the present to the perfects active and middle of verbs beginning with a, o, e, as from ayeiow to gather, perf. act. Αγερα, Attic ἀγήγερκα ; from ἀκούω, perf. mid. ήκοα, Attic ἀκήκοα, Acts ix. 13. John iv. 42, et al. from όλλυμι perf. ώλεκα, Attic ὀλώλεκα, so in perf. mid. όλωλα ; from ἐλαύνω οι ἐλάω perf. hara, Attic inλaka; but in the second aorist the augment is prefixed with a like reduplication, As from άγω to bring, 2 aor. ἦγον, Attic ἤγαγον; whence imper. ἄγαγε, infin. ἀγαγεῖν. This Attic use of the second aorist of ayw and its compounds is very common in the New Testament.-In verbs of two syllables in the first and second class they change in the penultima of the perfect active ίπο ο, as πέμπω to send, perf. πέπεμφα, Attic πέπομφα; βρέχω to wet, perf. βέβρεχα, Attic βέβροχα. In imperatives, in the 3rd pers. plur. for —έτωσαν and -ατωσαν they use οντων and αντων, as τυπτόντων, τυψάντων, for τυπτέτωσαν, τυψάτωσαν ; in the passive and middle, ων for —ώσαν, as τυπτέσθων, τυψάσθων, for τυπτέσθωσαν, τυψάσθωσαν.-In optatives, they often use the second and third persons singular and the third person plural of the Æolic 1st aorist, rúveia, ac,, -av; thus Luke vi. 11, Tonσuar; and in the present after a contracted syllable they change με ίπιο ην, as τιμῷμι, ως, φ, Attie τιμφην, ης, η, φιλοῖμι, οἷς, οἷ, Attic φιλοίην, ης, η ; and changing οι into 4, φιλφην, ης, η. So in the third sort of verbs in μ they have deny, nc, n, for ima, ns, 1, 2 aor. opt. of didout. See 2 Thess. iii. 16. 2 Tim. i. 16. iv. 14.-In the contracted 1 See Maittaire de Dialectis, Introduct. p. i. ii. Strabo, lib. viii, ad init. verbs, Láw to lire, diváw to thirst, Tεiváw to hunger, xpaopaι to use, they contract by y, as lÿc, kỹ, Lyv, for Lặc, Lā, Lāv. See Gal. ii. 14. Mark xvi. 11. Luke xxiv. 23, al. freq. xoñrai for xpăraι, 1 Tim. i. 8. For ἐστί οι ἔνεστι they often use ἔνι. SECTION XXIV. A GRAMMATICAL PRAXIS ON THE FIRST CHAPTER OF ST. JOHN'S GOSPEL, THE GREEK WORDS BEING PLACED IN THE ORDER OF THE ENGLISH. with God, and the Word was God. 1. In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was 'EN ἀρχῇ ἦν ὁ Λόγος, καὶ ὁ Λόγος ἦν πρὸς τὸν Θεόν, καὶ ὁ Λόγος ἦν θεός. 'Ev a preposition governing a dative case. See Lex. 'Apx, a N. fem. sing. of the first declension, like run, dat. case, governed by the prep. iv. Hv, a V. neuter or substantive, indic. imperf. 3rd pers. sing. from the irregular V. eiuí, by î§ xi. 2, agreeing with the nominative case Xoyos, of the third person, by § xxi. 3-5. 'O, the article masc. sing. nom. case, agreeing with Xóyos. Aóyos, a verbal N. masc. sing. from Xéλoya, perf. mid. of Xέyw to speak, (see § vi. 8.) of the second declension, nom. case to the V. v. Kaí, a conjunction. Ipós, a prep. governing an accusative case. See Lex. Tóv, the article masc. sing. accusative case, agreeing with Oɛóv. Oɛóv, a N. masc. sing. of the second declension, like λóyog, accusative case, governed by the prep. рóс. Otóc, a N. masc. sing. nom. case, governed by the V. v, by § xxi. 32. (a) Ouros, a demonstrative pronoun, (see § ix. 5.) nom. case to the V. v. 3. All things were made by him, and without him not even one thing was made, which was made. Πάντα ἐγένετο δι' αὐτοῦ, καὶ χωρὶς αὐτοῦ οὐδὲ ἓν ἐγένετο, ö γέγονεν. Пávra, a N. adj. neut. plur. nom. case, agreeing with xonuara things understood, by § xxi. 10, [N. B.] from nom. masc. sing. Taç an adj. of three terminations by § vii. 8. 'Eyέvero a V. mid. indic. 2 aor. from the obsolete yɛivw, (see anomalous verbs under yivouai, § xvi. 9.) 3rd pers. sing. though joined with the nominative neut. plur. xpýμara understood, by § xxi. 6. A, put by apostrophe, § i. 17, for dia, a prep. governing a gen. See Lex. Avrov, a pronoun relative, § ix. 8, gen. case, governed by prep. dia. Xwpic, an adv. governing the gen. autoũ, § xxi. 35, B. (d) (3.) Ovdέ, not even. See Lex. "Ev, a numeral N. neut. sing. from masc. elg, by § vii. 17, agreeing with N. neut. sing. xpñμa understood, (by § xxi. 16.) nom. case to the V. ¿yéveTo. "O, a pronoun relative, neut. sing. agreeing with xoñua understood, and nom. case to the V. yeyover, by § xxi. 19. Téyover, a V. mid. indic. perf. 3rd pers. sing. from the obsolete V. yɛivw, agreeing with the pronoun relative of the 3rd person (see anomalous verbs under yivouai); for yiyove, the final v being added by § i. 18. 4. In him was life, and the life was the light of men. Ἐν αὐτῷ ἦν ζωή, καὶ ἡ ζωὴ ἦν τὸ φῶς τῶν ἀνθρώπων. Aur, a pron. rel. dat. case, governed by the prep. iv. Zwń, a N. fem. of the first declension, like Tun, nom. case to V. v. To, the article neut. nom. case, agreeing with pwc. wc, a N. sing. of the third declension, like owμa, governed by the V. v; sing. nom. rò pŵç, gen. Toυ Owróc, &c. Tov, the article masc. plur. gen. case, agreeing with the N. аv0оwwv. 'Av0púπwv, a N. masc. plur. gen. case, of the second declension, like λóyoç, governed by the N. owç, by § xxi. 34. 5. And the light shineth in the darkness, and the darkness did not receive it. Καὶ τὸ φῶς φαίνει ἐν τῇ σκοτίᾳ, καὶ ἡ σκοτία οὐ κατέλαβεν αὐτό. Paive, a V. act. indicative present, 3rd pers. sing. from the theme paívw, like rúжTш, agreeing with φῶς; φαίνω, φαίνεις, φαίνει, &c. Σκοτίᾳ, a N. fem. sing. of the first declension, like φιλία, dat. case, by § iii. 8, governed by prep. iv. Ov, an adverb. Kariλaßɛv, a V. act. indicat. 2 aor. from the obs. V. Karaλýßw, (see Xaμßáve among the anomalous verbs, § xvi. 9.) 3rd pers. sing. (v being added by § i. 18.) agreeing with oxoría. As to the augment in Karéλaßev, see § x. 32. AUTÓ, a pron. relative, neut. sing. accus. case, governed by the transitive Kariλaßev, by § xxi. 44. 6. There was a man sent from God, John the name to him. "Aveрwжоç, a N. mase. sing. of the third declension, like Aóyoç, nom. case, governed by the V. yévero, here used impersonally by § xvii. 5. 'Añeσraλuévoc; see § xii. 17. Hapá, a prep. governing a gen. 'Iwavynę, a N. mase. sing. of the first declension, like 'Ayxions, (by § iii. 5, 7.) nom. case to V. understood. See § xxi. 32 (b). "Ovoμa, a N. neut. sing. of the third declension, like This mark § denotes section of the Grammar. |