BASCENA friend of Virus told him that he had seen a person Medicis, præsertim animarum sacerdotibus red TION. who was gifted with an eye of such Fascinating power, libus, quibus cum carus superstitionum monstris provincia- FASCINAthat once while he was looking attentively on a precious est pugnundum, imo omnibus hoc seculo corrupto, quo stone of fine lavater exquisite cutting and admirable non tantum pracus circa Fascinum sensus simpliciorum sed et præservatio et curatio morborum sed et preservatio el 139aitis) i tenisge verbalis (ad quam per occasionem hic fil digressio) In his Hd Bobky after disputing against Natural aku tendere videtur lectu utilis, & 10 piles 301 Fascination, which he treats as visionary, Vairus deter. We have already learned from Vairus, bo that 19ter.guiwer mines that all Fascination is an evil power attained by who are immoderately praised, especially behind their 10:30 alus, that all those tacit or open dompact with the Devil Having arrived backs, persons of fair complexion and of handsome 2309180 940 Whi bamed 19bd8m19 at this sage conclusion, che continues in the IIId Book face or figure, p particularly children, are most exposed to consider his subject Theologically. to obietno od no to Fascination, and this notion probably arose from au A second writer on this matter is John Lazarus such children attracting from strangers more attention Gutierrez a Spanish Physician, who, from his choice of than others less indebted to Nature. It was was an subject on another occasiong possibile sit in Rabien pression of his own beauty, Worth the be which induced tium urinis canes parvos generare may be believed to Polyphemus to put sone be equally well qualified for the consideration of any Cotyttaris had taught himassa pitting charm which similar high fysteryus Heostyles his Opusculum de Fas vino 191 918 919 amado sest esbie cino, which appeared in 16539 Theologis haul inutile, base Jon Philosophis proficuum, Medicis vero valde necessarium On his own experience he does not state muteli; but in his Dubium III he cites Mendoza (iv Problem 2) for an account of a servant of a Tyrolese Nobleman, who could bring down a Falvon from her very highest flight by steadily looking at her. From Antonius Carthaginensis, also, he produces two other wonderssThe first, of a man in Guadalaxard, who was in the habit of breaking mirrors into minute fragments solely by looking at them; the second, of another in Ocaña, who used to kill his qwn children, as well as those of other folks, by the contagion of his eyes may still more, occasionally, in like manner, to be the cause of death to many valuable horses bienos ai (3) de tot egia did From Cardan (de Venenis, ii) Gutierrez extracts the following symptoms by which a Physician may deter mine that his patient is Fascinatedo Loss of colour, heavy and melancholy eyes, either overflowing with tears or unnaturally dry, frequent sighs, and lowness of spirits, watchfulness, bad dreams, falling away of flesh. Also, if a Coral or Jacinth worn by him loses its colour, or if a ring made of the hoof of th Ass, put on his finger, grows too big for him after a few days wearing Accord ing to the same writer, the Persians used to determine the sort of Fascination under which the patient laboured, by binding a clean linen cloth round his head, lotio ejus imbutum, letting it dry there, and remarking whether any and What spots arose on it. по

77

FASCINA- a girl's; silently placing near a child the clothes in
TION. which it was baptized; if, as is sometimes the case, a
it was baptized: Îl, as is
child appears to derive no benefit from washing, taking
three scrapings from the plaster of each of the four
walls of its bed-room, and sprinkling them on its linen;
three lavemens of three spoonfuls of milk; giving in a
drink the ashes of a rope in which a man has been
hanged; drawing water silently, and throwing a lighted
candle into it in the name of the Holy Trinity, then
washing the patient's legs in this water, and throwing
the remainder behind its back in the form of a cross;
(N. B. this has been known to cure both a Woman
and a Hen;) hanging up the key of the house over a
Child's cradle; laying on it crumbs of bread, a lock
with the bolt shot, a looking-glass, or some coral
washed in the font in which it was baptized; hanging
round its neck fennel seeds, or bread and cheese. Be
sides these charms, there are yet two others given by
Frommann, which, as we do not entirely understand
them, we must present in the original language. Non-
nulli aquam, super quam sponsus et sponsa e pago filiali
in Parochia sud ambulare, et defunctorum corpora vehi
solent, per silentium bis hauriunt et bis iterum effundunt,
tertia vice haustam domum referunt, eaq; hominis et ju-
mentorum capita lavant; again, Ex horreo vel domicilio
hæreditario tres foni manipuli silentio et sine reprehen
sione allati, cunisq; vel lecto impositiet est in hac
urbe (Nurimberg) quæ non exiguam quotanis fani jac
turam in ædibus suis hæreditariis patitur ab hominibus
Fascini gratia silentio illud auferentibus; hos tamen
quia sacrum furti hujus finem esse censet, reprehendere
supersedet, do load tripods

nation than those to which we have referred above, may FASCINAbe found collected in Brand's Popular Antiquities, (ii. 401.) It appears even in our own days to be prevalent among the inhabitants of the Western Islands of Scotland, who use nuts, called Molluka beans, as amulets against it. (Martin, Description of Western Isl., 38, 123; Heron, Journey, ii. 228 Statistical Account of Scotland, xv. 258, xviii. 123.) Dallaway in his Account of Constantinople, remarks, that nothing can exceed the superstition of the Turks respecting the Evil Eye of an enemy or infidel. Passages from the Koran are painted on the outside of the houses, globes of glass are suspended from the ceiling, and a part of the superfluous caparison of their horses is designed to attract attention and divert a sinister influence. sooo sons no toda or But in Hobhouse's Travels we find a still more remarkable account of the existence of this superstition in the Turkish dominions, both among Mohammedans and Christians. When the child is born, it is immediately laid in the cradle and loaded with amulets and a small bit of soft mud, well steeped in a jar of water, properly prepared by previous charms, is stuck upon its forehead, to obviate the effects of the Evil Eye; a noxious Fascination proceeding from the aspect of a personified, although invisible Demon, and consequent upon the admiration of an incautious spectator. The Evil Eye is feared at all times, and supposed to affect people of all ages, who by their prosperity may be the objects of envy, Not only a Greek, but a Turkish woman, on seeing a stranger look eagerly at her child, will spit in its face, and sometimes, if at herself, in her down, bosom; but the use of garlic, or even of the word which signifies that herb, (kopov,) is considered a sovereign preventive. New built houses and the ornamented sterns of the Greek vessels have long bunches of it depending from them, to intercept the fatal envy of any ill-disposed beholders the ships of the Turks have the same appendages." Letter 31utcaan 10 t

1. Si quando iratus male tutis incubet hortis,sed42. to Some instances of yet more modern belief in Fasciegs qu vltesi bus om 19:18wqu 12

FASCINE. FASCINE, Fr. fascine, a bundle (sc. of sticks.)
See FASCES.

FASCIO-
LARIA.

Where it was found impossible, orders were given to the horse of the second line of the allies to provide themselves, each squadron with twenty fascines, to facilitate the passage.

Tindal. History of England, 3d Anne, (1704.) Our general had been busy for the last two hours, throwing up an entrenchment with fascines, earth-bags, and chevaux de frize.

Swinburne. Spain, p. 42.

FASHION.

This genus is separated from the Voluta, only by its FASCIO-
long-shaped and lengthened canal; indeed, several of LARIA,
Lamarck's fossil species have been removed to the
Volutes.
FA'SHION, v.
FA'SHION, N.
FASHIONABLE,
FASHIONABLENESS,'
FASHIONABLY,
FASHIONER,
FA'SHIONIST,
FASHION-FOUNDER,
FASHION-MONGER,
FASHION-MONGERING.

Fr. façoner; from the Lat. fac-ere, to make. Of fashion in clothes, Skinner says, that form which the tailor gave the clothes, dum faceret.

To form or make, to shape or mould; to fit, to suit.

FASCINES are of various dimensions, according to
the purposes for which they are intended. Those which
are to be pitched for burning an enemy's works should
not exceed two feet in length, those for constructing
works or filling up ditches should be ten feet long, and
Fashion, in dress or ap-
one foot or fifteen inches in diameter. In order to pearance, action or speech, is that form or manner,
make them, six small pickets should be stuck in the mode or method, most commonly followed at a parti-
ground crosswise, to form three tressels. On these the cular time or place.
branches are to be laid, and bound with rushes at the
distance of every two feet. Six men are employed on
each Fascine. Two cut the wood, two gather it, and
two bind it. These can make 12 Fascines every hour.
James's Military Dictionary.

FASCIOLA, in Zoology, a genus of Intestinal Vermes, established by Linnæus, which includes the whole of those animals furnished with suckers on the side or ends of the body, by which they can attach themselves to the sides of the viscera which they inhabit. The have been formed into an order by Rudolphi, under the name of Trematodes.

This genus or order has been divided into several genera, according to the position of the suckers,

The one which should retain the name of Fasciola, was called Distoma by Retzius.

Generic character. One of the suckers attached to the front extremity, and the other behind on the belly.

The species are very numerous. They are found in the various viscera of animals, in the angle of the eye of birds, and a few are found free in fresh and salt water; the most common species is the Fluke, or Gourd worm.

F. hepatica, Linnæus, figured by Shaffer in his Monograph, and copied into the Ency. Méthod. pl. lxxix. fig. 1-11. Found in the hepatic vessels of Sheep, especially in those which inhabit damp meadows; it occasions the rot.

FASCIOLARIA, in Zoology, a genus of Spiral shells, belonging to the family Muricide, established by Lamarck.

Generic character. Shell sub-fusiform, mouth channelled in front, without any permanent thickened trans

Her necke was of good fassion

In length and greatnesse by reason.

Chaucer. The Romant of the Rose, fol. 119.
As Dunstane in the house of a widdowe was fashionynge a prieste's
stoole, his harp hanging vppon the wal withoute touchinge sounded
the note of Gaudet in celis. Bale. English Votaries, p. 62.

Notwithstading the faithful father leaueth not the matter on this
fashion, but also taketh awaye soche fonde ymaginacions as wolde
ones then one.
cause me to surmyse, yt Christe's bodye shulde be in mo places at
A Boke made by John Fryth, p. 53.
Fashions in all our gesterings,
fashions in our attyre,

Which (as the wise haue thoughte do cum,)

and goe in circled gyre.

Drant. Horace. Satyre 2.
womanne, but the matier and sufferer.
In whiche act, as the man is principall doer and fashioner, so is the

Udall. Corinthians, ch. xxxi.
Fashiond above within their inmost part,
That neither Phoebus' beams could through them throng,
Nor Eolus sharp blast could worke them any wrong.
Spenser. Faerie Queene, book iii. can. 6

rhetoricians by patent may give us, with a kind of Promethean skill
It would be helpful to us if we might borrow such authority as the
to shape and fashion this outward man into the similitude of a body,
and set him visible before us; imagining the inner man only as the soul.

Milton. The Reason of Church Government, book ii. ch. iii. ƒ
To make good infanterie, it requireth men bred, not in a seruile or
indigent fashion, but in some free and plentifull manner.
Bacon, Henry VII. fol. 74.
No beauty to be had, but in wresting and writhing our own ton-
write like a gentleman.
gue? Nothing is fashionable, till it bee deform'd; and this is to
Ben Jonson. Discoveries, fol. 97.

These are the hard tasks of a Christian, worthy of our sweat,
worthy of our rejoycing, all which that Babylonish religion shifteth off
with a careless fashionablenesse, as if it had not to do with the soul.
Halt. Works, vol. i. fol. 1025. Decade 3. Epistle 3.
Neither doth Saul goe fashionably to worke, but does this service
command, then please the commander.

verse ridges; columella lip with two or three very heartily and painfully, as a man that desires rather to effect the

oblique plaits at the origin of the canal.

This genus is considered by Cuvier and Ferussac as

I now begin to see my vanity,
Shine in this glasse, reflected by the foile!
Where is my fashioner? my feather man?
My linnener? perfumer? barber? all?

a subgenus of the genus Fusus, to which it is nearly Id. b. vol. i. fol. 1025. Cont. The Meeting of Saul and Samuel.
allied in form, but it may be easily distinguished by the
plaits in front of the columella; and it may be easily
separated from the Turbinelli which have plaits, by the
plaits being very oblique, while in the latter they are
always nearly transverse.

Many of the fossil species which Lamarck has referred
to this genus, have been removed by later authors.
Most of the species of this genus has been long known,
and figured by Lister, Martini, Chemnitz, &c. The
type is

F. Tulipa of Lamarck, the Murer Tulipa of Linnæus, figured in Lister, pl. ix. xi. fig. 1, 2, and F. distans, which is a variety.

Ben Jonson. Staple of Newes, act v. sc. 1.
And thou gallant, that readest and deridest this madnesse of
and a more fashionly monster of thy self.
fashion, if thine eyes were not dazzled with like fashions at home
Purchas. Pilgrimage, ch. ix. sec. 2.
Swearing they hold an excellent qualitie, and to be a fashion-monger
in oathes, glorious.
Id. Ib. ch. i. sec. 5.
Hence is the fashion-founder of

New lockes, lookes, bas-le-maine,

And John deuisor in attire,

One foole in person twaine.

Warner. Albion's England, book ix. ch. xlvi.

FASTE N.