BOOKS AND ODD VOLUMES WANTED TO PURCHASE. the twelfth volume. We notice this useful condensation of The Penny Cyclopædia principally, however, for a feature which we hope to see more widely extended, namely, that of issuing it in a strong and handsome half-binding, at the moderate charge of one shilling NEW ENGLAND JUDGED NOT BY MAN'S, BUT THE SPIRIT OF THE per volume extra. The practice of publishing books in a bound form (more especially such books as are intended for very general circulation) is one which we have no doubt may be widely extended with great satisfaction to purchasers. It has, generally speaking, been, up to the present time, too closely confined to books of high price, adapted only to wealthy purchasers, whom the words "bound by Hayday," or "morocco extra,” with the necessary increase of price, charm, rather than discourage. There is perhaps no work to which, at the present moment, when the World's Fair is about to commence, and we are sure to be visited by hundreds, or rather thousands, of our Gallic friends, with whom we shall be in daily and hourly conversation, we can more appropriately call the attention of our readers than to the second division (Partie Française- Anglaise) of M. Tarver's Dictionnaire Phraséologique Royal, in which we can assure them they will find the readiest solution of all those phraseological queries which may arise during their intercourse with our lively neighbours. A very cursory examination of its pages will serve to convince the inquirer of the great learning and patient industry of M. Tarver; and his interest in the work will not be diminished by the reflection that the name of its accom. plished author will be found in the obituary of the present week. When noticing, a few weeks since, one of Captain Knox's interesting volumes, we spoke of the undying popularity of White's Selborne. A proof at once of this popularity, and a means of increasing it, will be found in a new edition of this delightful book just issued as one of the volumes of Bohn's Illustrated Library. It is entitled to its place in this series on account of forty adinirable woodcuts by which it is illustrated; and to a place on the bookshelves of every Naturalist, for the sake of the additional notes of Sir W. Jardine, and its present editor, Mr. Jesse. Messrs. Puttick and Simpson (191. Piccadilly) will sell on Tuesday and Wednesday next an exceedingly choice Collection of Autograph Letters, comprising numerous Letters of extraordinary rarity, selected principally from Upcott's Collection. We cannot attempt to particularise the many interesting lots which are to be found in the present collection, but recommend the Catalogue to attention for the satis. factory manner in which the different documents are arranged and described. CATALOGUES RECEIVED. - B. Quaritch's (16. Castle Street, Leicester Square) Cheap Book Circular (No. XXVIII.) of Books in all Languages; W. Pedder's (18. Holywell Street) Catalogue Part II. for 1851, of Books Ancient and Modern; R. Saywell's (138. High Holborn) Select Catalogue Part XXI. of Books in Theology, Classics, and General Literature. BREVIARIUM ROMANUM. Pars Verna. Antverpiæ. Ex Typ. Plantinianæ. 1700 or 1714. LORD: AND THE SUMME SEALED UP OF NEW ENGLAND's Per. BECUTIONS. By GEORGE Bishope. Quarto, 1661. Wanted from page 150 to the end. Letters stating particulars and lowest price, carriage free, to be sent to MR. BELL, Publisher of NOTES AND QUERIES," 186. Fleet Street, Natices to Carrespondents. J. S. S. (Leicester). THE CHAUCER MONUMENT. It will require about 1001. to make a complete restoration. Not one-kaif that amount has yet been subscribed. X. Y. Z. The custom of" Swearing on the Horns at Highgate" is very ably treated by Hone, Every-Day Book, vol. ii. p. 79. et seq. It probably arose from the graziers who put up at the Gate, house on their way to Smithfield, and were accustomed, as a means of keeping strangers out of their company, to bring an oz to the door as a test: those who did not like to be sworn of their fraternity, and kiss its horns, not being deemed fit members of their society. W. R. M. Will this correspondent favour us with another copy of his Queries, which were received and intended for inser. tion, but have apparently been omitted by some accident? A. W. H. Our correspondent will find that his Query had been anticipated in Vol. i, p. 336. Its appearance then brought it a mass of Replies, mostly of a very unsatisfactory kind. We delayed repeating the Query until we could find leisure to condense those replies, so as to prevent our correspondents furnishing us with information already in our possession. We hope to do this next week. SING. Bryan Waller Procter, Esq., one of the Commissioners of Lunacy. REPLIES RECEIVED. Nettle in - San Graal - Duchess of Buckingham- Newburgh Hamilton Ex Pede Herculem Knebsend-Derivation of Yankee - Passage in Virgil - Bacon and Fagan - Solid-hoofed Pigs- - Under the Rose-Stick at Nothing Ejusdem Farine - Meaning of Rack - Meaning of TyeThe Tanthony - Dog's Head in the Pot - Baron Munchausen Shakspeare's Seamanship — Criston -B god de Loges -God's Acre - Joseph Nicolson-Britt. Rex- Tradescant Moore's Almanack The Mistletoe-St John's Bridge Fair Curious Fact in Natural History Pursuits of Literature Burton's Birthplace - Engelbert of Treves - God takes those soones! Tandem D. O. M. &c.-Bartolomeo's Pictures-Herstmonceaux, &c. VOLS. I. and II., each with very copious Index, may still be had, price 9s. 6d. each. NOTES AND QUERIES may be procured, by order, of all Booksellers and Newsvenders. It is published at noon on Friday, so that our country Subscribers ought not to experience any difficulty in procuring it regularly. Many of the country Booksellers, &c., are, probably, not yet aware of this arrangement, which will enable them to receive NOTES AND QUERIES in their Saturday parcels. All communications for the Editor of NOTES AND QUERIES should be addressed to the care of MR. BELL, No. 186. Fleet Street. L' ITERARY AGENCY.-MR. F. G. TOMLINS (Secretary to the Shakspeare Society; Author of a Brief View of the English Drama; a Variorum History of England; Garcia, a Tragedy; the Topic, the Self Educator, &c. &c.) is desirous to make it known that a Twenty Years' experience with the Press and Literature, as Author and Publisher, enables him to give advice and information to Authors, Publishers, and Per. sons wishing to communicate with the Public, either as to the Editing, Advertising, or Authorship of Books, Pamphlets, or Literary productions of any kind, Opinions obtained on Manuscripts previous to publication, and Works edited, written, or supervised for the Press by acknowledged writers in their various departments. OFFICE, 19. SOUTHAMPTON STREET, STRAND; where works of reference for Literary Purposes may be obtained or referred to. APRIL 26. 1851.] PROVIDENT LIFE OFFICE, REGENT STREET. CITY BRANCH: 2. ROYAL EXCHANGE BUILDINGS. Policy Holders' Capital, 1,192,8187. Annual Income, 150,000.-Bonuses Declared, 743,000. Claims paid since the Establishment of the Office, 2,001,4502. President. The Right Honourable EARL GREY. Directors. The Rev. James Sherman, Chairman. Henry Blencowe Churchill, Esq., Deputy-Chairman. Henry B. Alexander, Esq. George Dacre, Esq. William Judd, Esq. Sir Richard D. King, Bart. The Hon. Arthur Kinnaird William Ostler, Esq. J. A. Beaumont, Esq. Managing Director. NINETEEN-TWENTIETHS OF THE PROFITS ARE Examples of the Extinction of Premiums by the Surrender of Bonuses added sub sequently, to be Examples of Bonuses added to other Policies. Total with Addi tions, to be further £1882 12 1 1200 1160 5 6 1820 5000 3558 17 8 2360 5 6 Prospectuses and full particulars may be obtained upon application to the Agents of the Office, in all the principal towns of the United Kingdom, at the City Branch, and at the Head Office, No. 50. Regent Street. WESTERN LIFE ASSURANCE AND ANNUITY SOCIETY, 3. Parliament Street, London. Payment of premiums may be occasionally suspended without forfeiting the policy, on a new and valuable plan, adopted by this society only, as fully detailed in the prospectus. A. SCRATCHLEY, M. A., Actuary and Secretary: Author of "Industrial Investment and B London: J. W. PARKER, West Strand. OOKS. — JUST PUBLISHED, A CATALOGUE of Three Thousand Volumes of RARE and CURIOUS BOOKS, containing Works on America, the Occult Sciences, Books of Prints, Fine Arts, Free-Masonry, Jest-Books and Drolleries, Hawking, Language, Popery, Proverbs, Facetim and Miscellaneous Literature, may be had on application, or by forwarding four penny stamps to G. BUMSTEAD, 205. High Holborn. 343 Highly important Autograph Letters.-Two Days' Sale. PUTTICK AND SIMPSON, Auctioneers of Literary Property, will SELL by AUCTION, at their Great Room, 191. Piccadilly, on TUESDAY, April 29, and following Day, a very important Collection of AUTOGRAPH LETTERS, the Property of a Gentleman. The Collection includes an unusually complete series of English Royal Autographs, many being important Letters, from the time of Henry VII.; also Letters of Contemporary Foreign Sovereigns, with numerous rare and interesting Letters in other Classes. The whole in the finest preservation. Catalogues will be sent on application. THE HENRY G. BOHN, York Street, Covent Garden. HE CAMDEN SOCIETY for the Publication of Early Historical and Literary Remains. THE ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING will be held at the Freemason's Tavern, Great Queen Street, on Friday the 2nd of May, at Four o'Clock precisely; the LORD BRAYBROOKE, the President, in the Chair. WILLIAM J. THOMS, Secretary. The following are the Publications of the Society for the year 1850-1. I. A SELECTION FROM THE WILLS Preserved in the Will Office at Bury St. Edmund's. Edited by SAMUEL TYMMS, Esq. II. WALTER MAPES" DE NUGIS CURIALIUM." A Treatise on the Political Affairs of his Time, written in 1181. Edited by THOMAS WRIGHT, Esq., M.A. III. SIR RICHARD GUYLFORDE'S PILGRIMAGE TO THE HOLY LAND, A. D. 1506. Edited from a copy believed to be unique from the Press of Richard Pynson, by SIR HENRY ELLIS, K.H., Sec. S. A. The Subscription to the Society is 17. per annum, which becomes due on the 1st of May. Communications from Gentlemen desirous of becoming Members may be addressed to the Secretary; or to Messrs. NICHOLS, No. 25. Parliament Street, Westminster, by whom the Subscriptions of all Members resident in London are received. ATLAS TO THE HISTORY OF EUROPE, Comprising 109 Maps and Plans of Countries, Sieges, and Battles, illustrative of ALISON'S HISTORY OF EUROPE and of other Contemporary Histories; constructed and engraved by A. KEITH JOHNSTON, F.R.S. E., Author of the " Physical Atlas," and of the "National Atlas." A New Edition. In CROWN QUARTO, uniform with the SEVENTH EDITION of Alison's History, bound in cloth, 27. 12s. 6d. In DEMY QUARTO, to range with the "LIBRARY EDITION" and Early Editions of In Alison's History in Demy Octavo, bound in cloth, 31. 3s. ROYAL QUARTO, to accompany the ROYAL OCTAVO "LIBRARY EDITION" of Alison's History, 47 48. THE CALENDAR OF THE ANGLICAN CHURCH ILLUSTRATED. With brief Accounts of the Saints who have Churches dedicated in their Names, or whose Images are most frequently met with in England: the early Christian and Medieval Symbols; and an Index of Emblems. With numerous Woodcuts. Foolscap 8vo. 10s. 6d. HYMNI ECCLESIÆ e BREVIARIIS quibusdam et MISSALIBUS GALLICANIS, GERMANICIS, HISPANIS de umpti, Collegit et recensuit JOANNES M. NEALE, A.M., Collegii Sackvillensis custos. 18mo. 5s. A GLOSSARY OF TERMS USED IN GRECIAN, ROMAN, ITALIAN, AND GOTHIC ARCHITECTURE. Exemplified by upwards of Eighteen Hundred Illustrations, drawn from the best Examples. Fifth Edition, 3 vols. 8vo., cloth, gilt tops. 21. 8s. THE PRINCIPLES OF POPULATION, and their Connection with Human Happiness. Two Vols. Octavo, 30s. WILLIAM BLACKWOOD AND SONS, Edinburgh and London. Printed by THOMAS CLARK SHAW, of No. 8. New Street Square, at No. 5. New Street Square, in the Parish of St. Bride, in the City of London; and published by GEORGE BELL, of No. 186. Fleet Street, in the Parish of St. Dunstan in the West, in the City of London, Publisher, at No. 186. Fleet Street aforesaid.— Saturday, April 26. 1851. A MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION FOR LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS, ANTIQUARIES, GENEALOGISTS, ETC. 349 350 351 351 353 355 356 358 358 359 (2.) { "Oure hoste saw wel that the bright sonne, The arke of his artificial day, had ironne And saw wel that the shadow of every tree bright, Degrees was five and fourty clombe on hight, It was ten of the clok, he gan conclude." The difficulty will be best explained in Tyrwhitt's own words: "Unfortunately, however, this description, though, seemingly intended to be so accurate, will neither enable us to conclude with the MSS. that it was ten of the clock,' nor to fix upon any other hour; as the two circumstances just mentioned are not found to coincide in any part of the 28th, or of any other day of April, in this climate."- Introductory Discourse, §xiv. In a foot-note, Tyrwhitt further enters into a calculation to show that, on the 28th of April,, the fourth part of the day and half an hour and more (even with the liberal allowance of a quarter of an hour to the indefinite phrase and more'), would have been completed by nine o'clock A. M. at the latest, and therefore at least an hour too soon for coincidence with (2.). Now, one would think that Tyrwhitt, when he 358 found his author relating facts, "seemingly intended to be so accurate," would have endeavoured to discover whether there might not be some hidden meaning in them, the explaining of which might make that consistent, which, at first, was apparently the reverse. The Arke of Artificial Day. Before proceeding to point out the indelible marks by which Chaucer has, as it were, stereotyped the true date of the journey to Canterbury, I shall clear away another stumbling-block, still more insurmountable to Tyrwhitt than his first difficulty of the "halfe cours in Aries, viz. the seeming inconsistency in statements (1.) and (2.) VOL III.-No. 79. Had he investigated with such a spirit, he must have discovered that the expression "arke of the artificial day" could not, in this instance, receive its obvious and usual meaning of the horary duration from sunrise to sunset — And for this simple reason: That such a meaning would presuppose a knowledge of the hour of the very thing in request― and which was about to be discovered by "our hoste," who "toke his wit" from the sun's altitude for the purpose! But he knew already that the fourth part of the day IN TIME had elapsed, he must necessarily have also known what that time was, without the necessity of calculating it! Now, Chaucer, whose choice of expression on scientific subjects is often singularly exact, says, "Our hoste saw that the sonne," &c.; he must therefore have been referring to some visible situation: because, afterwards, when the time of day has been obtained from calculation, the phrase changes to "gan conclude" that it was ten of the clock. It seems, therefore, certain that, even setting aside the question of consistency between (1.) and (2.), we must, upon other grounds, assume that Chaucer had some meaning in the expression "arke of the_artificial day," different from what must be admitted to be its obvious and received signification. To what other ark, then, could he have been alluding, if not to the horary diurnal ark? I think, to the AZIMUTHAL ARCH OF THE HORIZON included between the point of sunrise and that of sunset! The situation of any point in that arch is called its bearing; it is estimated by reference to the points of the compass; it is therefore visually ascertainable and it requires no previous knowledge of the hour in order to determine when the sun has completed the fourth, or any other, portion of it. This can be only hypothetically accounted for by observing that in this, as in many other instances, Chaucer seems to delight in a sort of disguised phraseology; as though to veil his true meaning, and designedly to create scientific puzzles to exercise the knowledge and discernment of his readers. A. E. B. Leeds, April 14. 1851, FOREIGN ENGLISH - GUIDE TO AMSTERDAM. I doubt not many of your readers will have been as much amused as myself with the choice specimens of Foreign English enshrined in your pages. When at Amsterdam, some years since, I purchased a Guide to that city, which I regard as a considerable literary curiosity in the same line. It was published at Amsterdam, by E. Maascamp, in 1829, and contains from beginning to end a series of broken English, professing all the while to be written by an Englishman. It commences with the following "Advertisement:" "The city of Amsterdam — remarkable as being one of the chief metropoles of Europe, and as being in many respects the general market of whole the universe; justly celebrated for-its large interior canals, on both of their sides enlivened and sheltered by ranges of large, thick, and beautiful trees, and presenting, on large broad and neatly kept, most regularly pav'd quays, long chains of sumptuous habitations, or rather palaces of the principal and weathy merchants; moreover remarkable by its Museum for the objects of the fine arts, &c., its numberless public edifices adapted either to the cultivation of arts, or to the exertions of trade, or to establishments charitable purposes, or of temples of Here, then, is primâ facie probability established in favour of this interpretation. And if, upon examination, we find that it also clears away the discrepancy between (1.) and (2.), probability all manners of divine worship the city of Amsterdam, becomes certainty. Assuming, upon evidence which I shall hereafter explain, that the sun's declination, on the day of the journey, was 13° 26′ North, or thirteen degrees and a half, the sun's bearing at rising, in the neighbourhood of London, would be E.N.E., at setting W.N.W.; the whole included arch, 224°; and the time at which the sun would complete one-fourth, or have the bearing S.E. by E., would be about 20 minutes past nine A.M., thus leaving 40 minutes to represent Chaucer's "halfe an hour and more! " A very remarkable approximation—which converts a statement apparently contradictory, into a strong confirmation of the deduction to be obtained from the other physical facts grouped Nogeth&Chaucer with such extraordinary On the other hand, it is impossible to deny that the hostes subsequent admonition to the pilgrims to make the best use of their time, warning them that the fourthe partie of this day is gon,' seems again to favour the idea that it is the day's actual horary duration that is alluded to. we say," &c. It is dated "This 15the of Juin, 1829." In page 14. the author gives us an account of his habits, &c.: "I live in Amsterdam since some considerable time I drink no strong liquors, nor do I smoke tobacco and with all this I have not been attacked by those agues and fevers wh frequently reign here from the month of Juin to the end of the autumn: and twenty and are still as healthy as I myself; while I have seen foreigners whom I know, do follow the same system, a great many of natives taking their drams and smoking their pipes ad libitem, and moreover chawing tobacco in a quite disgusting manner, who," &c. An Amsterdam Sunday, p. 42.: houses, and, intra muros, those of public entertainment “On sundays and holydays the shops and wareare close; the devotees go to church, and sanctify the sabbath. Others go to walk outside the towngates: after their walk, they hasten to fine public-play-gardens, where wine, thea, &c. is sold. Neither the mobility remains idle at these entertainments. Every one invites his damsel, and joyously they enter play-gardens of a little less brilliancy than the former. There, at the crying sound of an instrument that rents the ear, NOTE |