drefs with much attention; but, I confefs that, whether it be owing to the obfcurity of his expreffion, or to the dullness of my own apprehenfion, I do not exactly fee where the jet of his objection lies. What I mean to affert is, that the Chriftian Religion, as it is reprefented in the Chriftian Scriptures, is a complete code of faith and practice and that a perfon might be a very fincere, enlightened, and ufeful Chriftian, who had never read the books of the Old Testament: that no precept, whether ceremonial or moral, is obligatory upon Chriftians, because it is contained in the Mofaic inftitute: that of this economy alt the ceremonial inftitutions are entirely abrogated; but that its theological doc trines, being eternal truths, and its oral precepts, being of univerfal obligation, are, as fuch, received into and constitute an effential part of the Chriftian Religion, and are, for this reafon, binding upon all believers in Chrift; and not because they were delivered from Mount Sinai, or engraven by the finger of God upon tablets of flone. And if a perfon believing in the divine miffion of Chrift upon the evidence of his refurrection acts up to the fpirit of his Chriftian profeffion, I would not hesitate to acknowledge him as a Chriftian; even though, on account of the difficulties which abound in the Jewish feriptures, and which, perhaps, he may pot have bad an opportunity of difcuffing, he thould not be able to fatisfy his mind concerning the divine legation of the Jewish law-giver; or, at leaff, that the Pentateuch contains a perfectly correct account of divine communications.

-In my judgment the objections against the divine legation of Mofes admit of a very fair and fatisfactory folution; but I have no right to expect that the folutions which are fatisfactory to me will, in every inftance, be fatisfactory to others; and, therefore, I do not feel myself authorised to deny the honourable title of Chriflian to one who feriously and practically believes in the miffion and the refurrection of Jefus, because he thinks differently from me concerning the legation of Mofes, and holds an opinion which I judge to be erroneous.

That Chrift fulfilled the Law, is a fact which admits of no difpute; and, if St. Paul is to be credited, he, by his death, terminated the Mofaic difpenfa

tion. This is a doctrine fo explicitly afferted, and fo ftrongly infifted upon by the Apofile, that I am furprized that your Correfpondent fhould entertain a doubt about it. But, perhaps, he may not have been in the habit of paying much attention to the epiftolary parts of the New Teftament, and may not be familiar with the Apofile's phrafeology. In the very paffage in which I have referred, in the fentence upon which your Correfpondent aninadverts, Rom. vii. 1-6, the Apof tle compares the connexion between the Jewish nation and their law to the conjugal relation; in which one of the parties, namely, the Law, being dead, the other party, viz. the Jewish Nation, is now at liberty to marry again, that is, to embrace the Chriftian difpenfation. No figure can more clearly exprefs the entire abolition of the Jewish economy even to the Jews themselves. And in the clofe of the fame chapter the Apofile reprefents the Jewish Law under the notion of a dead carcase fastened to a living man, from which he is released by the grace of the Gofpel. But it would be endless to produce quotations from the writings of Paul to prove that the Jewith œconomy is completely annulled.

The Decalogue confifts chiefly of moral precepts; which, being of univerfal obligation, are adopted into the Chriftian code. As far as they are of a ceremonial nature, they are abolished with the rest of the ritual law. The Jewish fabbath of the feventh day is fuperfeded by the Chriffian. festival of the Lord's day; and though all allow that it is the indifpenfable duty of children to honour their parents, few, I fuppofe, under the Chriftian difpenfation, would expect to live a day the longer on that account. What your Correfpondent means by the broad affertion, that there is not one law of the whole ten that is not at this inftant, by univerfal confent, the governing code of all nations," and what evidence he may have of the fact, he best knows ; to me it appears to exceed all compre, henfion and belief.

Your correfpondent obferves, "that the Decalogne forms a part of the Liturgy at the Chapel where I have the honour to officiate on the Sunday ap propriated to the Communion." It does fo: and it is there rehearsed as the law which God gave to the Jews. It is fucceeded by the fummary of

Christian

Chriftian morality which Jefus gave to his difciples, to love God with all their hearts, and their neighbour as themfelves. In all this I fee no contradiction to the doctrine which I have advanced upon the authority of the Apoftle, concerning the abolition of the Jewish Law.

Your correfpondent adds, "I have frong fears and hopes that I have mifunderstood you." I cannot return this compliment: whatever it may mean, as I cannot in this inftance underftand him at all. I hope, however, that I have now expreffed myself upon the fubject of your correspondent's animadverfions in a manner not easy to be misunderftood by any one who is really delirous of information. As to thofe who are determined to cavil, nothing which I could fay would give them fatisfaction; nor can any thing which they may write give me a moment's uneafinefs. Relying upon your candour for the infertion of the defence where you have admitted the charge, I am, Mr. Urban, Yours, &c.

THOMAS BELSHAM.

Mr. URBAN, Eufi Bourn, June 24. IN returning thanks, through the

medium of your agreeable MifcelJany, to J. P. Malcolm, for the amufement conveyed in his "Londinium Redivivum," I beg leave to mention what I conceive to be a few deficiencies. In his elaborate description of Wellminfier Abbey no mention is made refpecting the height of the Lantern, the Weltern Towers, or the Turrets of the North Frout; I rather think, alfo, that the dimenfions of the Cloisters are not given.

The altitude of the Crofs on the fummit of St. Paul's is ftated by him to be fix feet. Qu. "Does he mean the whole Crofs, or only to the interfections?" I have alfo obferved, in perufing his entertaining work, that while the length and breadth of the feveral Churches is carefully and minutely given, the height of their respective Steeples is entirely neglected. -It is true-Ha funt nuge; but a fatis factory folution of thefe remarks would be highly gratifying to

Mr. URBAN,

SENEX.

June 7.

PERMIT me to enquire whether, by the late decifion relative to the Barony of Roos, the Duke of Rutland retains the fecondary Barony Roos

of Hamlake, Trufbut, and Belvoir, ac cording to the decifion of James I.; who awarded the antient Barony of Roos without any addition to William Cecil, and the Earl of Rutland to enjoy the title of Lord Roos of Hamlake, &c.

The prefent Earl of Cafile Stewart is the lineal defcendait of Andrew Stewart, Lord Ochiitree, firft Lord of the Bedchamber to James VII. of Scotland; who, with the approbation of the King and the confent of his eldest fon, the Mafter of Ochiltree, fold his Barony to his confin, Sir James Stewart, Earl of Arran, who thereon affined the title of Ochiltree. As the Earl of Arran's iffue is now extinct, Qu. "Does the Barony revert again to the reprefentative of the above Andrew Stewart, Lord Ochiltree, who refigned the title, and was created in 1518 Baron Cattle Stewart, in Ireland, and whofe lineal defcendant is the present Earl of Cafile Stewart?"

Yours, &c. A CONSTANT READER.

PRESENT STATE OF YORK.
(Continued from p. 298)
THE CATHEDRAL.

PLAN. The ufual form, a Crofs

At the Weft front three entrances; the principal one is into the centre Aile of the Nave, and the other two entrances are into the fide Ailes of ditto. A fourth entrance is into the South tranfept; and a fifth d'to into the North tranfept at its North Wéfi ́angle, heing the original pils into the Church from the Archbishop's Palace. In the Nave and its fide Ailes there are not any particular decorations in point of arrangement, excepting the Moniment of Archbishop Roger. In the Tranfepts, the feveral finall Chapels occupying the Eafter Ailes, fo diftinguished by means of rich open-work oak fereeus, have been of late obliterated; the faid fereens being, likewife, either deftroyed, or thrown in lumber-holes, &c. It is to be prefumed, that if bare walls in one fituation are to be preferred to appropriate. appendages, by way of furniture and neceffary accommodation, we shall fhortly fee the Choir fcreens, ftalls, &c. &c. got rid of alfo, that the fabrick may become like an empty house, an object for fpeculation in what way a new poffeffor may improve, beautify, and fresh fet out, any particular place therein, in order there to perform Divine Service. At the South Weft an

gle

gle of the South Tranfept, is the en trance into a final building of two ftories, which building is attached to this part of the Tranfept. The lower flory contains certain Records; the upper ftory is the Library belonging to the Cathedral; a light, cheerful, commodious chamber, and fit for fuch an occafion; being ready and at hand for all those who may occafionally repair there for fludy or information. At the North Eaft angle of the North Tranfept, is the entrance into the avenue leading to the Chapter-house. This avenue is rather fingular, running Air Northward; and then, fuddenly turning to the Eaft, forming two lines at right angles, paffes immediately into the Chapter-houfe; and, what is deferving of note, this houfe, taking an octangular figure, does not and parallel with the lines of the avenue, or with the main building, but inclines fome degrees to the South. As no Church bufinefs is ever tranf acted in this fplendid erection, it is at prefent converted into an office for the Clerk of the Works, wherein to make his working drawings neceffary in the reftorations of the Weft front, now going on. The avenue has its fes alfo, being filled with the finished pieces of new mafonry preparatory to their being wanted in the faid refiorations. In fact, it is a convenient Mafon's fhew-room. In the Ailes on each fide of the Choir, are entrances (down fights of fteps) into a curious Crypt, confiiting of three Ailes Weft and Eaft, and four Ailes North and South and which is immediately under the Eastern half of the Choir. Against the Weft wall of the Crypt is a refervoir of water, and near it a curious lavatory, This place ferves for the ftoring up of building articles, remnants of rich oak fereens, &c. In the above North Aile is a door-way, once entering into a Chapel on the exterior of the Church, which has been deftroyed many years. In the above South Aile is a doorway entering into the outer, or first Veftry, and from thence is a pafs into the fecond Veftry, communicating with the Treafury. Thefe three rooms are conftructed out of an elevation on the exterior of the Church on this fide. In the firfi Veltry is a beautiful fmall Conduit * (in full requifition); and it may be obferved that this room is now, by means of a door

*Engraved in Antient Architecture.

way broke through the South wall, no more than a common thoroughfare into the Church. The inner or fecond Veltry is the place wherein the Dignitaries are, robed, Chapter bufiuels done, and where the fepulchral relicks of the antient Archbishops *, and other curiofis ties, are depofited. There is a Chamber over this Veftry. The pals to the Treafury, lately walled up, and which office is now ufed as a Chapel for early prayers: an entrance to it has been cut through the wall, at the Eaft fide of the South Tranfept.

The entrance to the Choir is through one of the mofi fuperb Choir fcreens in the kingdom. The arrangement of the Choir, as ufual, in falls, archbishop's throne, pulpit, open fcreens parting off the tide Ailes, &c. The Feretory (a place for fhrines) behind the High Altar, with the faid High Altar, deftroyed fome few years back; hence the Choir becomes lengthened, and has its termination in the fine perforated, fcreen, which gave the Eaft end of the Feretory. Eastward of the Choir is, as ufual, Our Lady's Chapel, which has been thrown open (many years patt) to the fide Ailes; doing away in fome degree the very idea of this part of the general arrangement. This moll tranfcendent portion of the fabric is little estimated, otherwife than as being a proper fort of repofitory for timber, mafous templets and moulds, the Church engine, &c.

The late Lord Burlington, who lived in the days of contempt and averfion manifefted against our Architectural Antiquities, muft needs, by way of giving a lasting proof of his amateur kill in Grecian architecture, defign and bring about the execution of a new Pavement in that fiyle, as it is called, which extends over the Nave, tranfepts, the choir, its ailes, &c. Our Lady'sChapel, being deemed, no doubt, a spot infignificant and of no interest by the Noble Profeffionalif, has been left unfullied, as the old pavement remains much in its original flate. When it is confidered that our Churches were formerly paved and embellished with fmall fquare ornamented tiles, emboffed or indented grave ftones, rich and delicate braffes, &c.; furely we, who profefs to admire the works of our remote Artifts, muft behold the Noble Lord's enormous, unmeaning,

Taken out of their coffins..

nafonic

mafonic contortions, vulgarly called "Fretts," as objects at once frightful, and diametrically oppofite to all the rules of juft proportion and due fymmetry. Antiquarians have in this innovation another deep caufe of regret; that is, the facrilegions defpoil of graves containing the athes of the renowned characters of the facred pile, the removal or utter extermination of their memorials, and thofe other profehonal excefles ever gone into in fuch a bufinefs as new paving a Church *.

It may be asked, Why on thefe occafions is fuch unbounded liberty given for licentious havock? or, why is one particle of decaying mortality fuffered to be difturbed? But thefe are queftions, Ifear, which cannot rationally, or confiftently with religious principles, be correctly or honeftly anfwered. To be continued; the WEST FRONT in our next.)

Mr. URBAN,

J. C.

June 7.

THE HE daily prints tell us at times of Univerfity prizes being adjudged; but the performances feldom nieet the public eye. Two of thofe announced juli now, viz. “On Duelling," and "Plata Fluvius," I fhould expect muft be, from circumftances and feafon, of particular intereft to more than your humble fervant. The Gentleman's Magazine would, doubtlefs, be open to these compofitions. Their infertion would be fo complimentary to the Writers, that only a willing concarrence can be reckoned upon from them.

With refpect to Duelling, fuppofe the practice retained, there is one propofal of late which has pleafed me very much-loading one piftol with powder only, and the other with powder and ball. The feconds then draw lots for the hap-hazard choice from under cover. A repeated loading of the pittols should fubject both principals and feconds to the punishment of Outlawry.

I have one objection to England making fettlements on the River of Plate; we must meet with the Americans, who, beyond all doubt, will depoil Spain of her poffeffions from the North. Muft not, the confequence be War? Can the cobweb intervention of Portuguefe captainfhips upon the Coaft of Brafil keep either in check?

* Recollect the new paving of Salisbury Cathedral; St. George's Chapel, Wind for; &c. &c.

In a paft volume the author of Chryfal, or the Adventures of a Guinea," was an object of enquiry. He was an Irish gentleman named Johnson, and fent over to the Temple to ftudy the law. Conviviality, and a turn to fatirical obfervations, in time left him but few friends; although having been employed in the concerns of a petty German State preferved for him a certain countenance among!t public men in the great offices, This connexion had enabled him to ferve many; and a countryman, the respectable Luke Sparks, of Covent Garden Theatre, had a fon appointed through his influence to Bombay as a writer (I am fpeaking of more than fifty years paft, when thefe appointments were not fought after as at prefent). In the decline of life he naturally turned to that part of the world for affiftance where feveral of his planting had grown rich; and, probably, promifed himself elpecial help from an old Temple acquaintance, George Macartney, become a Lord, and Governor of Madras. His voyage out was unfortunate, in the Brilliant, Capt. Mears, wrecked on or near Johanna, in the Indian Sea. I faw Mr. Johnfon at Bombay comfortably entertained in the houfe of old Luke Sparks's fon, then a Counsellor of that Prefidency, in 1782. Shortly after, as I have been told, the author of Chry fal" died in Bengal, or upon his voyage to that country from Bombay.

4

July 6.

head,