The mode of carriage refts wholly with the 'fize of the plant: if small, it is beft carried by hand, either upon the fhoulder, or upon hand-fpikes :if larger, two fledges, one for the root, the other for the head, may be ufed :-if very large, and the ball of earth heavy, a pair of high timber-wheels, or a timber-carriage, will be found neceffary.

The hole must be made wide enough to admit the root of the plant, with a space of a foot at least all round it, for the purpofe of filling in the mould with propriety; fo that if the tree was taken up with a root of fix feet diameter, the hole must be made of the diameter of eight or nine feet, and of a depth fufficient to admit of the tree's being feated (when the mould is settled) at its natural depth, as also to receive the fods, and other rough unbroken mould, at least a foot thick underneath its root.

The method of planting depends upon the state of the root, and the temperature of the mould and the feafon. If the root be well furnished with fibres and mould, and the foil be moift from fituation, or moiftened by the wetnefs of the feafon, no artificial preparation is neceffary. The bottom of the hole being raifed to a proper height, and the tree fet upright in the center of it, the mould may be filled in; being careful to trim it well in amongst the roots, and to bed the fibres smoothly amongst it; treading every layer firmly, and, with a carpenter's rammer, filling every crevice and vacancy

among

among the roots, fo that no foft place nor hollownefs remain; and proceed in this manner until the hole be filled, and a hillock raised round the plant to allow for its fettling. But if the roots be naked of mould and thin of fibres, and the foil, the fituation, and the feafon be dry, or if any other doubt or fcruple, with refpect to a probability of fuccefs, arife, we recommend in the ftrongest terms the following method: The requifite depth of the hole being afcertained, and its bottom raised to a proper height, add a confiderable quantity of the fineft mould, pour upon it water fufficient to moiften it thoroughly, and work them up together into a mortar-like confiftency: having fpaded out a principal part of this pafte, and laid it in heaps by the fide of the hole, fpread the remainder thin over the bottom, and fet the plant upon it with the other. part of the pafte cover up the wounded parts, and the fibres; and this done, fill in the remainder of the mould, as above directed. If the tranfplantation be done in autumn, it will require nothing farther at that time; but, if made in the fpring, waterings will almost immediately be wanted. Therefore, at once, draw a ring near the outfide of the hole, and in the bottom of its channel make fix, eight, or ten holes, (by means of a spike and beetle) at equal distances, and of a depth equal to that of the roots of the plant. Thefe holes will not only convey water, but air alfo, to the immediate region.

in which they are both indifpenfibly neceffary to the health of the plant. We have been the fuller in our inftructions relative to transplanting, as being a process little understood by profeffional men. Every nursery-man, and almost every kitchen-gardener, can raife, train, and plant out feedling and nursery plants; but the removal of trees feldom occurs in their practice; and we haye met with very few men indeed who are equal to the task. The foregoing rules are the result of experience.

Having thus attempted to give our readers a general knowledge of what may be called the manual operations of planting, we will next enter into particulars, and endeavour to complete his skill in the bufinefs of the nursery, by treating feparately of each refpective tree and fhrub adapted to the purpose of useful and ornamental planting.

AN

form is the moft convenient. This part of our Work is entirely of that nature; we have therefore adopted an alphabetical arrangement. Our reafons for making ufe of the Linnean names as the ground-work of this arrangement, are manifold: a great number of the plants here treated of have no English generic name belonging to them; yet it was neceffary to that concifenefs and fimplicity which is the bafis of our plan, to arrange

them

them agreeably to their respective genera; because, in general, the individuals of the same genus have fimilar appearances and fimilar propenfities, which being placed together in one point of view, their defcription and mode of culture are rendered infinitely more eafy and compendious than they could poffibly be, if treated of feparately under diftinct and detached fpecies. Befides, even many of the fpecies now common in our ornamental grounds and fhrubberies have not yet had any English name given to them; and there are many more, whose English names are local and unfettled; whereas the Linnean names are the fame every where, and are known to the whole world *.

We do not mean to enter into the dispute about the Sexual Syftem of Linneus: it is enough for our purpose that it is at prefent the prevailing fyftem; and that, being founded in nature, its principles can never be overturned: we are neverthelefs fo far from thinking it a perfect fyftem, that we believe it capable of very great improvement: at prefent, however, it is our bufinefs to take it as we find it; and for the ufe of fuch of our readers as are unacquainted with its principles, it is proper that we should here give its outline.

Every PERFECT FLOWER has four principal parts, which in general are obvious to the naked eye;

*An alphabet of English names will be given in the general Index to the work.

namely,