The écoles moyennes of all kinds have each three classes. If a preparatory course is connected with the school, it consists of two classes, each of which has two divisions, covering altogether four years. In order to be admitted into the preparatory class, a child must be at least six years and at most ten years old. A knowledge of the following subjects is required Reading, writing, arithmetic, elements of French, Flemish, or German. The course of instruction is the following: : In order to educate teachers for the écoles moyennes, there are peda gogical courses at the elementary school teachers' seminary at Nivelles, attended by such as have already obtained the diploma as elementary school-teacher. The examination comprises the following subjects: French, elements of history and geography (especially of Belgium), arithmetic in its application to practical purposes, algebra, including equations of the second degree, planimetry, elements of commercial law and book-keeping, drawing, caligraphy. The number of students to be admitted is not to exceed twelve per annum; each one receives a stipend of 400 francs from the government. Since 1863 a course for teachers at the écoles moyennes has been connected with the elementary Normal School at Bruges. The condition of admission is a diploma as elementary school-teacher; the number of candidates is annually fixed by the Minister. The course of studies covers two years, and embraces the following subjects: 1st year, Flemish, French, elements of history and geography (especially Belgium), arithmetic, algebra as far as equations of the second degree, planimetry, book-keeping, elements of commercial law, elements of physics, drawing; 2d year, pedagogics, Flemish, French, algebra (as far as logarithms), geometry, trigonometry, surveying, mechanics, elements of chemistry, natural history. Candidates for teachers' places at the écoles moyennes, in order to obtain the diploma as professor, must undergo an examination (oral and written) embracing all the subjects taught in the special course. The salary of directors at the ecoles moyennes varies from 2,500 to 1,600 francs, and the salary of teachers from 1,700 to 200. The provincial and communal institutions of a secondary character, subsidized by government or commune, have in all essential points the same organization. They are all subject to the inspection of the government; the communal authorities appoint the teachers, who must have satisfied all the requirements of the law. The school fees in the écoles moyennes vary from 12 to 36 francs, according to the classes. IV. EDUCATIONAL STATISTICS OF BELGIUM-1866. I. ELEMENTARY INSTRUCTION. 1. PRIMARY SCHOOLS (l'instruction primaire). (1.) Schools under Government Inspection. 3,511 Communal Schools (1,051 for boys; 621 for girls; 1,839 for boys and girls). 564 Subsidized Schools (36 for boys; 361 for girls; 167 for boys and girls). 24 Private Schools (17 for girls; 7 for boys and girls). 39 Boarding Schools (13 for boys; 26 for girls). Total, 4,138 Schools under Government inspection (1,100 for boys; 1,025 for girls; 2,013 for boys and girls). (2.) Schools not under Government Inspection. 1,276 Primary Schools (285 for boys; 527 for girls; 464 for boys and girls). 216 Boarding Schools (63 for boys; 153 for girls). Total, 1,492 Schools not under Government inspection (348 for boys; 680 for girls; 464 for boys and girls). Total of Elementary Schools, 5,630 (1,448 for boys; 1,705 for girls; 2,477 for boys and girls). (3.) Infant Asylums, or Ecoles Gardiennes. 106 Communal Schools (4 for boys; 14 for girls; 88 for boys and girls). 186 Private Schools under Government inspection (2 for boys; 22 for girls; 162 for boys and girls). 272 Private Schools not under Government inspection (3 .or boys; 11 for girls; 258 for boys and girls). Total, 564 Infant Asylums (9 for boys; 47 for girls; 508 for boys and girls). (4.) Adult Schools. 269 Communal Schools (187 for boys; 75 for girls; 7 for boys and girls). 192 Private Schools under Government inspection (67 for boys; 100 for girls; 25 for boys and girls). 786 Private Schools not under Government inspection (290 for boys; 376 for girls 120 for boys and girls). Total, 1,247 Schools (544 for boys; 551 for girls; 152 for boys and girls). GRAND TOTAL of Elementary Schools, including Infant Asylums and Adult Schools: 7,441 Schools (2,001 for boys; 2,303 for girls; 3,137 for boys and girls). II. PUPILS. (1.) Schools under Government Inspection. Communal Schools.... Subsidized Schools.. .382,484 pupils (235,213 boys; 147,271 girls). 69,160 Private do. under Gov't inspection. 3,577 Boarding Schools.. 66 (11,705 57,455 ). 66 (333 66 3,244 1,089 (254 Total. 456,310 pupils (247,505 boys; 208,805 girls). (2.) Schools which are not under Government Inspection. Total in Adult Schools...... 189,141 pupils (77,041 boys; 102,100 girls). GRAND TOTAL of pupils under Elementary Schools of every kind, including Infant Asylums and Adult Schools: 802,914 pupils (386,718 boys; 406,186 girls). III. TEACHERS. (1.) Schools under Government Inspection. Communal Schools.. Subsidized Schools... Private Schools. Boarding Schools.. Total..... 9,626 teachers (6,360 males 3,256 females). (2.) Schools which are not under Government Inspection. Primary Schools. Boarding Schools. Total 3,690 teachers (1,107 males; 2,583 females). Total number of teachers in Elementary Schools: 13,326 teachers (7,467 males: 5,839 females). Total...... 10,379 teachers (4,050 males; 6,329 females). GRAND TOTAL of teachers in Elementary Schools of every kind, including Infant Asylums and Adult Schools: 24,479 teachers (11,533 males; 12,935 females). II. SECONDARY INSTRUCTION (l'enseignement moyen). 10 Atheneums (Athénées). 1. SCHOOLS. 50 Government Secondary Schools (écoles moyennes de l'état). 17 Communal Schools of the 1st class, subsidized by the Government (colléges subventionnés). 9 Communal Schools of the 2nd class, subsidized by the Government (écoles moyenues subventionnés). 2 Exclusively Communal Schools of the 2nd class (écoles moyennes exclusivement communaих). 9 Schools of the 1st class, subsidized by the communes (colléges patronnés). 7 Schools of the 2nd class, subsidized by the communes (écoles moyennes patronnés). 26 Schools of the 1st and 2nd class, under authority of the bishops (établissements episcopaux, non patronnés). 10 Schools of the 1st and 2d class, under authority of religious congregations (établissements non patronnés, dirigés par des congrégationes religieuses). 11 Jesuit Colleges. 5 Private Secondary Schools. Total number of Secondary Schools 156. (3.) Communal Schools of the 1st class, subsidized by the Government. (4.) Communal Schools of the 2nd class, subsidized by the Government. (5.) Exclusively Communal Schools of the 2nd class. 111 Pupils in the schools. (6.) Schools of the 1st class, subsidized by the Communes. 28 Pupils in the realistic (professionelle) section. 66 humanistic section. 796 46 (7.) Schools of the 2nd class, subsidized by the Communes. 372 Pupils in the schools. Of the 52 other Secondary Schools (47 under religious and 5 under private authority) no statistics are published. The GRAND TOTAL of the pupils in the 104 Secondary Schools above given is therefore 15,841. III. TEACHERS. 10 Atheneums: 261 professors and teachers. 76 Government and Communal Schools of the 1st class: 836 teachers. 18 Communal Schools of the 2nd class: 180 teachers. Total number of teachers in the 104 schools under the secular authorities, 1,277. Founded. Philosophy. Natural Sciences. Law. Medicine. Theology. Total. III. PROFESSORS. Total. 1 State Agricultural College at Gembloux. 2 State Horticultural Schools at Vilvorde and Genbrugge. 1 State Forestry Institution at Bouillon. 1 Veterinary Institution at Bureghem, near Brussels. 1 School of Pharmacy at Brussels. 1 Academy of Commerce at Antwerp. 3 Schools of Commerce. 3 Navigation Schools; 150 pupils. 15 Industrial or Technological Schools; 2,293 pupils. 68 Workshops, with Schools and Courses of Instruction for Apprentices, &c.; 1,857 pupils. 1 School of Arts, Manufactures and Mines at Liege. 1 School of Engineering, Manufactures and Horticulture at Ghent. 1 Royal Military Academy; 105 pupils. 60 Academies and Schools of Art; 236 teachers, 10,607 pupils. 1 Institution for the Deaf and Dumb ; 1 Institution for the Blind. 3 Conservatories of Music. 6 Schools for Orphans. 3 Schools for Juvenile Criminals. 2 Normal Schools for Primary School-teachers; 180 pupils. 5 Normal Sections for Primary School-teachers. 7 Catholic Normal Schools for Primary School-teachers; 408 pupils. 2 Normal Schools for Secondary School-teachers. V. SUPPLEMENTARY INSTRUCTION. Belgium is well supplied with institutions and agencies to supplement the instruction given in the regular schools. |