ed but too well, as frequent intoxication was the con-
sequence. This was particularly the case with Mac
Coy, upon whom, at length, it produced fits of delirium,
in one of which he threw himself from a cliff and was
killed.
About the year 1799, Quintal lost his wife by a fall
from the cliff, while searching for bird's eggs. Although
he had already witnessed the fatal consequences of
such a crime, he demanded the wife of one of his com-
panions. This being refused, he resolved to put them
both to death, and when foiled in his attempt, swore
he would repeat it. Adams and Young, not doubting
that he would follow up his resolution, came to the con-
clusion, that their own lives were in danger, and they
were justified in putting him to death, which they did
with an axe.

Adams and Young were now the sole survivors out of the fifteen males who landed on the island. They were both, and particularly Young, of a serious turn of mind, and the scenes which they had witnessed naturally made a deep impression upon them. Since Chris tian's death, they had regularly read the Church service every Sunday, which had previously only been once done: they now determined to have morning and evening prayers, to add the afternoon service on the Sabbath, and to train up their children, and those of their unfortunate companions, in the paths of piety and

virtue.

course of business or pleasure, they will give him weight and worth as a member of society, and be a never failing source of honourable, virtuous and lasting employment, under all circumstances in every station of life. They will preserve him from the delusion of dangerous errours, and the seductive vices. The gambling table will not be resorted to, to hasten the slow and listless step of time, when the library offers a surer and more attractive resource. The bottle will not be applied to, to stir the languid spirit to action and delight, when the magick of the poet is at hand to rouse the imagination, and pour its fascinating wonders on the soul. Such gifts, such acquirements, will make their possessor a true friend, a more cherished companion, a more interesting, beloved and loving husband, a more valuable and respected parent."

ON STUDIES.

STUDIES serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability. Their chief use for delight is in privateness and retiring; for ornament, is in discourse; and for ability, is in the judgment and disposition of business; for expert men can execute, and perhaps judge of particulars one by one: but the general counsels, and the plots and marshalling of affairs, come best from those that are learned. To spend too much time in studies is sloth; to use them too much for ornament is affectYoung's education was of great assistance in this ation; to make judgment wholly by their rules is the undertaking; but he did not long survive his repentance. humour of a scholar: they perfect nature, and are perAn asthmatick complaint terminated his existence, about fected by experience: for natural abilities are like natural a year after the death of Quintal, and Adams was left, plants, that need pruning by study; and studies themthe only survivor of the misguided and infatuated Mu-selves do give forth directions too much at large, except tineers of the Bounty. The loss of his last companion they be bounded in by experience. Crafty men conwas long felt as a severe affliction, and disposed him temn studies, simple men admire, and wise men use more than ever to repentance, and to the execution of them; for they teach not their own use; but that is a wisthe pious resolutions he had formed, in the hope of ex- dom without them, and above them, won by observation. piating his offences. Read not to contradict and confute, nor to believe and take for granted, or to find talk and discourse, but to weigh and consider. Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested; that is, some books are to be read only in parts; others to be read, but not curiously; and some few to be read wholly, and with diligence and attention. Some books also may be read by deputy, and extracts made of them by others; but that would be only the less important arguments, and the meaner sort of books;

At this time there were nineteen children on the island, some of them between the ages of seven and nine. The moment, therefore, was favourable; but his task was an arduous one, particularly as related to the conversion of the Otaheitean women. In this he was successful, and their example had a powerful influence on the children, who acquired an ardent desire for a knowledge of the Scriptures. The principles thus instilled acquired the force of habit as they grew up, and manifested themselves in a strict adherence to the prac-else distilled books are, like common distilled waters, tical duties of life.

Such is the history and the fate of the mutineers. In a second paper, we shall give a description of the island, and a further account of the colony.-Sat. Mag. (To be continued.)

COLLEGIATE EDUCATION.

Nothing can be more unwise or unsound than that opinion which prevails with some, that with young men who are not destined either for literary life or the learned professions, time spent at college is spent to no purpose. This mistaken notion is thus dealt with by Joseph Hopkinson, L. L. D.

flashy things. Reading maketh a full man; conference a ready man; and writing an exact man; and, therefore, if a man write little, he need have great memory: it he confer little, he had need have a present wit: and if he read little, he had need have much cunning, to seem to know that he doth not. Histories make men wise; poets witty; the mathematicks subtile; natural philosophy deep; moral, grave; logick and rhetorick, able to contend; Abeunt studia in mores;" nay, there is no stand or impediment in the wit, but may be wrought out by fit studies: like as diseases of the body may have appropriate exercises; bowling is good for the stone and reins, shooting for the lungs and breast, gentle walking for the stomach, riding for the head, and the like; so, The American parent does an injustice to his child if a man's wits be wandering, let him study the mathwhich he never can repair, for which no inheritance ematicks, for on demonstrations, if his wit be called can recompense, who refuses to give him a full educa- away never so little, he must begin again; if his wit tion, because he is not intended for a learned profes-be not apt to distinguish or find differences, let him sion-whatever he may intend, he cannot know to what study the schoolmen, for they are Cymini sectores ;"" his son may come, and if there should be no change if he be not apt to beat over matters, and to call upon in this respect, will a liberal education he lost upon one thing to prove and illustrate another, let him study him, because he is not a lawyer, a doctor, or a divine? the lawyers' cases; so every defect of the mind may Nothing can be more untrue or pernicious than this have a special receipt.-Bacon. opinion. It is impossible to imagine a citizen of this commonwealth to be in any situation in which the discipline and acquirements of a collegiate education, however various and extended, will not have their value. They will give him consideration and usefulness, which will be seen and felt in his daily inter

Sed contra audentior ita.-VIRGIL. "Do not yield to misfortunes, but, on the contrary, resist them with increasing firmness." The first part of this sentence is the motto of the earl of Albemarle.

The above likeness of Matthias was sketched from ters which the inscrutable designs of an overruling life, at his rooms at the upper Police. He is drawn Providence have placed beyond the ken of our limited as he appeared before the artist, dressed in his pontifi- comprehension! Frail, ignorant, and full of sympacal robes, with his rule in his right hand, and his two- thies easily excited, how liable are we to be led by edged sword in the left. He is covered with an olive the artful into the bewildering labyrinth of errour, and cloak of exceedingly fine broadcloth, lined and faced to become entrapped and ruined by the deceitful and with silk and velvet. Underneath this, he wears a the designing! The histories of fanaticism and imposbrown frock coat, with several silver stars on each ture, are but the mournful records of examples illusbreast; the points upon the collar are finely wrought trative of this weakness in human nature. The hiswith gold tinsel upon a ground of fine velvet, and upon tory of mania and insanity is likewise replete with his left breast appears a splendid golden star. His instances, which show that the hallucinations of the belt is of white cloth fastened by a golden clasp, sur-mind are under certain circumstances contagious; for mounted by an eagle. The splendid two-edged cut-in proportion as the visionary speculations of insane and-thrust that he wears at his side, has a blade of the persons are heeded by others, or in proportion as a cerfinest Damascus steel, a golden sheath, gold chain and mountings, and a finely carved ivory handle. The cocked hat, which he occasionally puts on, is a triangular black beaver, trimmed with green, and the rear angle is surmounted by the golden symbol of glory.

The history of this individual, although fraught with knavery and delusion, is worthy of attentive interest and contemplation. Whenever religion is attacked, and its principles threatened with subversion by false and blasphemous assumption of divine power, and pretended commissions from heaven, Christians should be watchful, lest the grounds of their faith get undermined, and the weak and unwary should suffer imposition and bewilderment. And whenever the human mind exhibits extraordinary phenomena, developing evil biases, as singular and extensive in their controlling results, as itself is mysterious in operation and successful in determined purpose, every individual may imbibe lessons of instruction which cannot too soon be carried into practice, and ought never to be neglected. As the world is constituted, and fallible as are the faculties with which we are endowed, to understand our true relations and to guide our footsteps; and dependant as we are upon the dearly bought instruction of experience for that little wisdom which is necessary to qualify our relations here, how cautiously should we yield to the control of human judgment! how distrustful should we be even of our own reasonings and impulses, especially in relation to those mat

tain class of erroneous impressions are allowed control, will they bewilder the mind; and especially when those impressions intimately or deeply affect our hopes and fears in relation to a future life. Once enticed into errour, and indulging ourselves in illusive visions, we soon become bewildered, losing sight of the true nature and fitness of things and the methods of happiness; we are ruined, and that without remedy!

After these preliminaries we will relate what we know of Matthias, his history, professions and practices.

A short time since Matthias was arrested in Albany, brought to this city and taken before the police, charged principally with having obtained goods under false pretences. On being asked where his residence was, and what was his occupation, he replied:

"I am a traveller, and my legal residence is Zion Hill, Westchester county; I am a Jewish teacher and priest of the Most High, saying and doing all that I do, under oath by virtue of my having subscribed to all the covenants that God hath made with man from the beginning up to this time. I am chief high priest of the Jews of the order of Melchisedec, being the last chosen of the twelve apostles, and the first in the resurrection which is at the end of 2,300 years from the birth of Mahomet, which terminated in 1830, that being the summit of the power of the false prophet. I am now denouncing judgment on the Gentiles, and that judgment is to be executed in this age. All the

made. He fell under the care of Matthias, who would the twelve apostles written around it, and "Jesus Matneither allow his friends to visit him, nor to call med-thias," adorning the front in prominent characters; the ical aid, declaring himself to "have power of life and other surrounded with the names of the twelve tribes, death." Mr. Pierson's body having been removed to the front like the other. Though Matthias professes New Jersey for interment, a post mortem examination to be a priest after the order of Melchisedek, yet he was taken by four respectable physicians, all of whom seems to have somewhat imitated in his habiliments certified that they found in Mr. Pierson's stomach a the priests of the order of Aaron. (See Josephus 1. 3. "large quantity of an unwholesome and deadly sub- c. 7. Exod. c. 28.) As to Melchisedek, Adam Clarke stance." A warrant has been issued against Matthias says, "who this person was, must remain a secret. since his first arrest, charging him with having poisoned We know nothing more of him than is written in Gen. Mr. Pierson, and this charge it is believed will be sup- xiv. 18. &c. in which this very mysterious person is repported by evidence. resented as a type of Christ." (See also Ps. 110. Heb. 5 and 7.) With his two-edged sword Matthias was to destroy the Gentiles, as Gideon did the Midianites. With his six feet rule he was to measure the New Jerusalem, the gates thereof, and the walls thereof,' and divide it into lots for those who believed on him, and obeyed the Spirit of Truth, as it came from him, the trumpet. With the golden key which he possessed, he was to unlock the gates of Paradise.

After the death of Mr. Pierson, Matthias came to the city of New York, and entering the family of Mr. Folger continued to reside with him until the middle of last September. About that time the mysterious death of Mr. Pierson, and the attending circumstances, having shaken the confidence of Mr. Folger and his family, they began to be conscious of their delusion, and resolved to abandon Matthias and his principles. On announcing this determination to Matthias, he resorted to his old practices of threats and promises, and told them that they must not throw him destitute on the world; that if they did so the blessing of God would depart from them, and sickness and perhaps death would follow; but that if they gave him money to support him, the blessing of God should continue to them.' Mr. Folger having become bankrupt, Matthias was perhaps willing to leave him; not however without first having insisted upon a supply of money, which he obtained to the amount of $630, and immediately left the city. On the morning of that day Matthias partook of a very little breakfast, and scarcely tasted the coffee, alleging as an excuse that he was ill. Immediately after breakfast, Mr. Folger, his wife, and children were taken sick. Mr. Folger did not suspect the cause of their illness until after Matthias had left the city; when, upon examination, he learned that the black woman who did the cooking for the family, had also abstained from the use of coffee that morning, and from other circumstances he became confirmed that the woman was bribed by Matthias to poison the family! The effort was unsuccessful, the poison producing but a temporary sickness. This nefarious transaction induced Mr. Folger to procure the arrest of Matthias, firmly convinced at this melancholy stage, that he was a base Impostor.

The third gentleman named as one of the dupes of Matthias, became a lunatick under this unfortunate delusion. But on a removal to the country and from the influence of the Prophet,' he recovered, and is now convinced of his lamentable errour.

Somewhat versed in the antiquities and inexplicable rites of the Jews, this impostor unites to a quick and active mind, a considerable cunning, a fluent speech, and a vast deal of persevering impudence; endeavouring to impress his dogmas by assuming a sanctified and uncompromising air, and fixing upon his victim invariably his remarkably fierce and penetrating eyes. He reasons plausibly and ingeniously, and is exceedingly subtle at evasion. This however, taken into view with the absurdity of his general schemes, will give him no more merit than a maniack possesses in that respect. "A remarkable peculiarity," says Abercrombie, “in many cases of insanity is, a great activity of mind, and rapidity of conception,-a tendency to seize rapidly upon incidental or partial relations of things, and often a fertility of imagination which changes the character of the mind, sometimes without remarkably distorting it." Although Matthias has this acuteness of mind, and seems to have a control over it, yet in all his philosophy it seems remarkably distorted. His doctrines are all opposite to those commonly received; as for example, he considers "the seat of understanding to be in the belly," "casting out devils he considers vomiting up diseases of the stomach," &c., to all of which he gives a plausible support. He is undoubtedly insane, and perhaps actually believes himself to be, all that he professes to be. But it is certain that he has made a diabolical use of what art or power he has, which is less to be wondered at than the effects are to be regretted. Although Matthias never could have obtained an extensive and permanent influence, even if his knavery had not been detected, since his schemes were too wild and incoherent and his demands too absurd to produce an effect that would endure beyond his actual and immediate presence; yet that his blasphemous pretensions should have gained credence among intelligent minds is to be lamented; and the whole history of these transactions will form a dark page in the records of modern fanaticism, and will present an enduring but melancholy evidence of the weakness of human nature.

SKELETON OF THE FOSSIL DEER.

By recent developments it appears, that Matthias had received in the aggregate from these gentlemen about $10,000 in money and negotiable paper, which he had appropriated, as he says, in furnishing the establishment at Zion Hill, and in Third street. "I have always declared," said he on his examination, "that I could receive nothing from them as if their property; but that if they felt as though they had in their possession property which they believed belonged to God, and if they believed that I was the servant of God, then they could give me of that property whatever they pleased; and I have never received any pro- When and where, did this gigantick species of deer perty or money from any person in any other way, exist? Such is the question which arises at once to since I commenced preaching the everlasting gospel." every man's mind-yet nothing but mere conjecture But by whatever means he obtained money, it is evi- can be given in reply. No tradition of its actual exdent he used it for the wildest and most extravagant istence remains: yet so frequently are bones and antlers purposes. Besides those things which we mentioned of enormous size dug up in the various parts of the at the outset as adorning his person, his wardrobe was island, that the peasantry are acquainted with them as bountifully supplied with new boots, shoes and pumps; the old deer," and in some places these remains are linen shirts of the most exquisite fineness, the wrist- so frequent, that they are often thrown aside as useless bands fringed with delicate lace; silk stockings. hand- lumber. A pair of these antlers were used as a field kerchiefs and gloves; a green frock-coat heavily em-gate near Tipperary. Another pair had been in use for broidered with gold; merino morning dresses, and a similar purpose near Newcastle, in the county of two caps made of linen cambrick, folded in the form Wicklow, until they were decomposed by the action of of a mitre, richly embroidered--one with the names of the weather. There is also a specimen in Charlemont

House, the town residence of the Earl of Charlemont, which is said to have been used for some time as a temporary bridge across a rivulet in the county Tyrone. Now, though similar remains have been found in Yorkshire, on the coast of Essex, in the isle of Man, in different parts of Germany, in the forest of Bondi, near Paris, and in some parts of Lombardy, it is evident that the animal had its favourite haunts in our fertile plains and valleys, and has some claim to the title of the Irish fossil deer. Thus one part of the question is answered-we can tell where the animal existed, as far as extreme probability can go, but as to when, it baffles our investigations.

vessel with any pretensions to the character of science, is due to Francis Lana, a distinguished jesuit. This occurred in 1670.

Lana proposed to support his car by the aid of four balls. These were to be exhausted of air; and the inventor argued that their diminished weight would cause the balls to support themselves and the aeronaut. We notice this apparatus, as similar schemes have been put forth even within our own times; but it must be obvious to any intelligent mind, that the external pressure of the atmosphere would destroy the vessels, even if they could be rendered light enough. Henry Cavendish, having discovered, about 1766, the great levity of inflammable air or hydrogen gas, Dr. Black, of Edinburgh, was led to the idea that a thin bladder, filled with this gas, must ascend into the air. Cavallo made the requisite experiments in 1782, and found that a bladder was too heavy, and paper not air tight. Soap bubbles, on the contrary, which he filled with inflammable air, rose to the ceiling of the room where they burst. In the same year, the brothers Stephen and Joseph Montgolfier constructed a machine which ascended by its own power. In Nov. 1782, the elder Montgolfier succeeded, at Avignon, in causing a large bag of fine silk, in the shape of a parallelopiped, and containing 40 cubick feet to mount rapidly upwards, to the ceiling of a chamber, and afterwards, in a garden, to the height of 36 feet, by heating it in the inside with burning paper. The two brothers soon afterwards repeated the experiment at Annonay, where the parallelopiped ascended in the open air 70 feet. A larger machine, containing 650 cubit feet, rose with equal success. They now resolved to make the experiment on a large scale, and prepared a machine of linen, lined with paper, which was 117 feet in circumference, weighed 430 pounds, and carried more than 400 pounds of ballast. This they sent up, June 5, 1783, at AnnoWhat could be the use of the immense antlers with nay. It rose in ten minutes to a height of 6,000 feet, which the animal was furnished? It is evident that and fell 71,688 feet from the place of ascension. The they would prevent it from making any progress through method used to cause it to ascend was, to kindle a a country thickly wooded with trees, and that the long, straw fire under the aperture of the machine, in which tapering, pointed antlers were totally unfit for lopping they threw, from time to time, chopped wood. But off the branches of trees, a use to which the elk somethough the desired effect was produced, they had no times applies his antlers, and for which they seem well clear nor correct idea of the cause. They did not atcalculated. It is said that the elk, when pursued in the tribute the ascension of the vessel to the rarefaction of forests of America, will break off branches of trees as the air enclosed in it by the operation of the heat, but thick as a man's thigh. But the antlers of the fossil to a peculiar gas, which they supposed to be developed deer seem to have been given to it for its protection, a by the burning of the straw and wood. The errour of purpose for which they doubtless have been admirably this opinion was not discovered till a later period. designed; for their lateral expansion is such, that should These experiments roused the attention of all the phioccasion require the animal to use them in his defence, losophers of Paris. It occurred to some of them that their extreme tips would easily reach beyond the remothe same effect might be produced by inflammable air. test parts of his body; and when we consider the pow-ball of lutestring, 12 feet in diameter, and coated with M. Charles, professor of natural philosophy, filled a erful muscles for moving the head, with the length of the lever afforded by the antlers themselves, we can easily conceive that he could wield them with a force and velocity which would deal destruction to any enemy having the hardihood to venture within their range. There is presumptive evidence that MAN existed at the same period with this animal-one proof of which seems to be in a rib of the deer (presented to the Society by the same gentleman who presented the skeleton,) The common mode of filling balloons on a small scale, and which has evidently been perforated with an arrow, is to generate hydrogen gas in a bottle, by pouring dior some similar sharp pointed instrument. It is not lute sulphurick acid on granulated zinc, but the acid improbable that the chase of this gigantick creature form- speedily destroys the balloon. To prevent this, the exed part of the business and pleasure of the then inhab-perimentor has only to employ a second bottle containitants of the country, and that amongst its enemies might be included the Wolf, and the celebrated Irish Wolf Dog.-Dublin Penny Journal.

AERONAUTICKS.

The art of sailing in, or navigating the air. The idea of inventing a machine, which should enable us to rise in the air, appears to have occupied the human mind even in ancient times, but was never realized till the last century. The first suggestion for a sailing

a varnish of gum-elastick, with such gas. It weighed 25 pounds, rose 3,123 feet in two minutes, disappeared in the clouds, and descended to the earth, after threequarters of an hour, at the village of Gonesse, about 15 miles from Paris. Thus we see two original kinds of balloons; those filled with heated air, and those filled with inflammable air.

ing water, and carry a bent pipe from the first bottle through a cork in the second, it dips beneath the surface, and is condensed, and the pure hydrogen ascends by the second pipe to the balloon.

To continue: Montgolfier had gone to Paris, and found an assistant in Pilater de Rozier, the superintendent of the Royal Museum.-They completed together, in Oct. 1783, a new machine, 74 feet in height, and 48 in breadth, in which Rozier ventured for the first time to ascend, though only 50 feet. The balloon was from caution fastened by cords, and soon drawn down.