water is sold at sixpence a gallon to those who make small wine as a substitute for small beer. If the water is scalded (not boiled) it may be kept a month before it is made into wine; if not, it will not keep above a day or two. For making the wine, two pounds of coarse sugar, and a quarter of a pound of Malaga raisins, are added to every gallon of birch water, when cold: it is then boiled about an hour, until it is observed to grow clearer, when it is set to cool, and when about at the same heat that beer is set to work, a toast of bread spread with yeast is put into it, and for four days suffered to work freely, when it is barrelled, and the same quantity of raisins as before, and about an ounce of isinglass to every twenty gallons, are added: it seldom works out of the barrel, and in two or three weeks is ready for close bunging down, to remain for three months, when it should be bottled off, and in two or three weeks after it is fit for drinking, but is the better for keeping longer.

BETUL, in entomology, a species of curculio, of a golden green color in one sex, and blue in the other, with a spine on each side of the anterior part of the thorax; a native of Europe. Also a species of cryptocephalus, color black; thorax orbicular and hairy; wing-cases brown, with obscure streaks: a native of Prussia. Also a species of attelabus, the curculio excoriato-niger of Degeer; color black, with legs formed for leaping.-Also a species of cimex found on the white alder in the north of Europe. The head is muricated; thorax denticulated; anterior part of the wing-cases dilated.-Also a species of papilio, with brown wings, yellowish beneath; with two white streaks on the posterior ones: the larva is green, with pale oblique lines, and white on the sides; pupa glossy and ferruginous. The male is distinguished by a fulvous spot on the upper wings.-Also a species of tenthredo, tenthredo ferruginea of Degeer, body red; thorax, vent, and eyes black; wings brown behind: inhabits Europe. Also a species of coccus, found on the white alder. It is round, and of a bay color.

He

BETULEIUS (Sixtus), an able grammarian, Latin poet, and philosopher, was born at Memmingen, in 1500; his true name was Birck. taught the belles lettres and philosophy with reputation; and became principal of the college of Augsburg, where he died, June 16th, 1554. He wrote, 1. Notes on Lactantius, printed with the works of that father, fol. Bas. 1563; 2. Commentaries on Cicero de Natura Deorum, 8vo. Bas. 1550; 3. Three Dramatic Pieces inserted in the Dramata Sacra, 2 vols. 8vo. Bas. 1547; 4. Novi Testamenti Concordia Græca, Bas. 1546; 5. Oracula Sybillina Gr. cum Castigationibus, 8vo. Bas. 1545.

BETUWE, BETUE, or BETAW, a fertile island of Guelderland, forty miles long and ten broad, formed by the bifurcation of the Rhine above Nimeguen, and by the union of its streams near Worcum. It is the ancient Batavia, and formerly gave the name Batavians to the inhabitants of the Dutch Netherlands.

BETWEEN', I The Anglo-Saxon imperaBETWIXT'. tive be, and twegen or twain. -Enc. Met. Betwixt is the imperative be, and

the Gothic tuos, or two.-Tooke. Between was
formerly written twene, atweene. bytweene. These
words are variously used, but always implying
their primary sense.
In the intermediate space
which divides. From one to another; noting in-
tercourse, belonging to two; bearing a relation
to two; difference; a distinction of one from
another. Between is properly used of two; and
among of more; but perhaps this accuracy is not
always observed.

The cercles of his eyen in his hed
They gloweden betwiren yelve and red;
And like a griffon loked he about;
With kemped heres on his browes stout.

Chaucer. Canterbury Tales. Welcome, my sweet; alas! the stay of my welfare; Thy presence bringeth forth a truce betwixt me and Earl of Surrey.

my care.

Five years since there was some speech of marriage

Bacon.

If there be any discord or suits between them and any of the family, they are compounded and appeased.

Id.

Nor would I, for the world, my heart should bee Inthralled by one that might not marry me; Or such like passions bee perplexed in, As hang betwixt a vertue and a sinne. Or such as whether way soe're I went, Occasioned guilt or shame or discontent; For, howsoe're wee manage such like things, Wee handle winding vipers that have stings. Geo. Wither. Friendship requires that it be between two at least ; and there can be no friendship where there are not two friends. South.

Their natural constitutions put so wide a difference between some men, that art would never master.

Locke

BEVECUM, a town in Brabant, in the kingdom of the Netherlands; memorable for being the place where the Duke of Marlborough encamped, after forcing the French lines, in 1705; and where he rested after the victory of Ramillies, in 1706. It lies seven miles south of Louvain.

BEV'EL, n. & v. In masonry and joinery, a kind of square, one leg of which is frequently crooked, according to the sweep of an arch or vault. It is movable on a point or centre, and so may be set to any angle. An angle that is not square is called a bevel angle, whether it be more obtuse or more acute than a right angle To bevel is to cut to a bevel angle. From Germ. bugel, diminutive of bug, from bugen, to bow.

The BEVEL, of carpenters, is made with a movable tongue, to strike angles. It differs from the square and the mitre in being movable, whereas they are fixed; the first at 90°, the second at 45°. Hence a bevel angle is any angle not a right angle.

BEVEL, in heraldry, is a chief broken or opening like a carpenter's rule.

BEVELAND, North and South, two islands of the Netherlands, in the province of Zealand, formed by two branches of the Scheldt. The former, on the east side of the island of Walche

ren, is about six miles long and four broad, and is formed by what the Dutch call the Easter Scheldt. It was destroyed by a dreadful inundation in 1532, so that nothing but the tops of the church steeple and the highest buildings could be seen; but the ground being raised by the alluvial depositions, it was afterwards drained and brought into cultivation. South Beveland is separated from North Beveland by the island of Wolfersdyke, and is about twenty-four miles in length, and from five to eight miles in breadth. It is said to be one of the most agreeable of those belonging to Zealand, and contains the town of Goes, with some villages and forts; and has a trade in corn. Both these islands were occupied by the British, in 1809, during the expedition to Walcheren.

BEVELLING, in ship-building, the art of hewing a timber with a proper and regular curve, according to a mould which is laid on one side of its surface. See SHIP-BUILDING.

BEV'ER, v. & n. Į From the Lat. bibere, to BEVERAGE. drink. The afternoon and evening potations at colleges were called bevers; beverage is applied to any wholesome or pleasant liquid that is used for drink.

Dodsley. BEVERCHES, in old records, customary services done by tenants to their lords, under the feudal system.

mar.

BEVERIDGE (William), a learned English prelate in the beginning of the eighteenth century, was born in 1638, and educated in St. John's college, Cambridge; where he distinguished himself so early by his knowledge of the oriental languages, that he published in his twentieth year a Latin treatise on the Excellency and Use of Oriental Languages, in which he reviews the several merits of the Hebrew, Chaldee, Syriac, Arabic, and Samaritan tongues. About the same time, also, he produced a Syriac gramUpon the deprivation of Dr. Ken, bishop of Bath and Wells, for not taking the oaths to the government, in 1691, he refused the offer of that see, though he was then chaplain to king William and queen Mary. In 1704 he was consecrated bishop of St. Asaph; in which high function he approved himself a truly primitive bishop. He died at Westminster Abbey, in 1707, aged seventy-one. As his whole life was spent in acts of piety and charity, so at his death, he left the bulk of his estate for the propagation of the gospel, and promoting Christian knowledge at home and abroad. His Private Thoughts upon a Christian Life has always been a very popular book. Among his other works are, 1. De Linguarum Orientalium, &c. Præstantia et Usu, &c.

8vo. Lond. 1658; 2. Institutionum Chronologicorum Libri Duo, &c. 4to. Lond. 1669; 3. Evvoducov, sive Pandecta Canonum, &c. 2 vols. folio, Oxon. 1672; 4. Codex Canonum Ecclesiæ, &c. 4to. Lond. 1679; 5. The Church Catechism Explained, 4to. Lond. 1704.. His executors, after his decease, printed Thesaurus Theologicus, 4 vols. 8vo.; The Necessity of frequent Communion; An Exposition of the Thirty-nine Articles, folio; A Defence of the Old Version of the Psalms; and above 150 sermons, in twelve 8vo. and two folio volumes.

BEVERLACIUS (Joannes), or John of Beverley. See JOHN, ST.

BEVERLEY, an ancient borough and market town of Yorkshire, governed by a mayor, a recorder, and twelve aldermen. It sends two members to parliament, elected by the freemen, who are about 400 in number. The minster here is a neat structure, and the roof is an arch of stone. Dr. Stukely says it was founded by king Athelstan, and is inferior to York minster in nothing but its size In it are several monuments of the Percies, earls of Northumberland. In 1664 the grave of St. John of Beverley, archbishop of York, was discovered here, with many bones and relics. From an inscription on a plate, it appeared that the church was consumed by fire in 1188, and that, upon the rebuilding, the bones which were collected were deposited in the vault of John of Beverley. There are two other parish churches; a free school, with two fellowships, six scholarships, and three exhibitions, to St. John's College, Cambridge; and nine alms'houses. The Liberties are said to contain above 100 towns, and parts of towns, in Holdernesse and other parts of the East Riding. The town is a mile in length, and the market-place contains four acres of land. It is adorned with a beautiful cross, supported by eight free-stone columns, each of an entire stone; the whole erected at the expense of some of the former borough members. The town, altogether, is well built; the streets are well paved, broad, neat, and clean. The principal trade is in malt, oat-meal, and tanned leather; and the poor people support themselves by making bone lace. Markets, Wednesdays and Saturdays. Inhabitants about 7500. It is nine miles north from Hull, twenty-eight from York, and 183 from London.

BEVERLEY, a post town of Massachusetts, in Essex county, situated on the north side of Salem Bay, and connected with the town of Salem by a bridge of 1500 feet in length. The inhabitants are devoted partly to navigation and the fisheries, and partly to agriculture; there is a bank, and, lately, a manufacture of cotton has been established here. It is twenty miles north-east of Boston. Long. 70° 50′ W., lat. 42° 31′ N.

BEVERLEY (John of). See JOHN, ST.

BEVERUNGEN, a town of Germany, in the diocese of Paderborn, seated on the confluence of the rivers Bever and Weser. Long. 9° 30′ E., lat. 51° 40′ N.

BEVIN (Elway), an eminent musician and composer in the reign of queen Elizabeth. Dr. Child was his pupil. He composed sundry services and anthems. Before Bevin's time the precepts for the composition of canons are said

to have been known to few; and the resolution of a canon into its elements, and reducing it into score, was deemed a work of almost as great difficulty as the original composition. He wrote A brief and short Instruction of the Art of Music, &c. published in 4to. 1631, and much esteemed.

BEULAH, a figurative name given to the Jewish nation and church, in Isaiah lxii. 4.

BEURT-SCHEEPEN, or BEURT SCHUYTEN, turn-boats; vessels at Amsterdam which have the exclusive privilege of taking in goods in the provinces; so called because they sail in turn, according to specific regulations.

BEUTHEN, a lordship and circle of Upper Silesia, created a free barony by the emperor Leopold, in 1796. It has for boundaries Oppeln on the west and north, and Poland on the east. The inhabitants speak the Polish language, and are mostly Catholics.

BEUTHEN, the chief town of the above district, frequently called Upper Beuthen, contains several churches and religious houses, and about 1700 inhabitants, among whom are between 100 and 200 Jews. Here are manufactures of cloth, earthenware, and calamine, besides some considerable breweries. About 9600 cwt. of calamine are made in the course of a year. It is likewise the residence of the governor of the circle. Thirty miles north-east of Ratisbon, lat. 50° 18′ N., long. 18° 53′ E.

BEUTHEN, LOWER, is a considerable town on the Oder, containing a population of about 3000 individuals. It stands in a fertile country, and bas fifty vessels engaged in the trade of the river; it is also noted for its breweries.

And if I must bewail the blessing lost,
For which our Hampdens and our Sidneys bled,
I would at least bewail it under skies
Milder, among a people less austere,

In scenes which, having never known me free, Would not reproach me with the loss I felt. Cowper. BEWARE', from be and ware, or wary; that is, cautious: thus, in an old treatise, I have found be ye ware. See WARY. Lepanian, to be suspicious of danger from: generally the Saxon; warer, Danish. To regard with caution; particle of goes before the thing which excites caution. It is observable, that it is only used in such forms of speech as admit the word be: thus beware; but not, he did beware, or he has been we say, he may beware, let him beware, he will

BEWDLEY, or BEAULIEU, a borough and market town of Worcestershire, seated on the Severn; three miles from Kidderminster, and 128 north-west from London. It has its name Bewdley, Beawley, or Beaulieu, from its pleasant situation on the declivity of a hill overlooking the river, and commanding a most beautiful prospect. It was formerly accounted so delightful a place, that Henry VII. built a house in it for prince Arthur, which he called Tiken-hall, and here that prince was married to the proxy of Catherine of Spain, afterwards the wife of his brother, Henry VIII. Bewdley sent burgesses to parliament very early, and great privileges were bestowed upon it by Edward IV. and Henry VII. Its present charter, by which it sends one member to parliament, and is governed by a bailiff and burgesses, recorder, steward, townclerk, &c. was settled in the reign of Queen Anne. It is neat and well built, and carries on a considerable trade, by the Severn, in malt, salt, glass, iron ware, leather, and Manchester goods. Market on Saturday. Population about 4000.

BEWEEP'. Be and weep, Ang.-Sax. wepan, bewepan. To weep over or upon; to bedew with tears.

Old fond eyes,

Shakspeare.

Id.

To wet; to

His napkin, with his true tears all bewet, Can do no service on his sorrowful cheeks.

Shakspeare. Tit. And