CADE-OIL, in the materia medica, a name given is called the key note; and in this tone the bulk of to an oil much in use in some parts of France the words are sounded; but this note is generaly and Germany. The physicians bave called it lowered towards the close of every sentence. oleum cadæ, or oleum de cada. This is sup- CADENCE, or REPOSE, in music, the terminaposed by some to be the pisselæum of the an- tion of an harmonical phrase on a repose, ar ob cients, but improperly: it is made of the fruit of a perfect chord. See Music. the oxycedrus, which is called by the people of CADENCE DU DIABLE, the devil's cadence, a those places cada.

shake of an extraordinary effect: it is made oa CA'DENCE, v. & Th. Fr. cadence; Ital. can held by the third finger, whilst the two first ere

Lat. cado, to fall; the violin, by beating the little finger on a note CA'DENCY, C:'DENT.

denza ; Span. cadencia. cute different notes upon the next string. Its To fall in sound; to any thing going down; de invention is attributed to Tartini, ssho, as it is cliuing; to the gradual gentle fall in a measure said, receiving a lesson from the devil in a dream, of poetry or music. It is sometimes used for the was taught to perform this cadence. general modulation of the voice.

Fr. cadet; Ital. caudata, com

CA'Dersvp. } ,
And natheless hath set thy wit,
Althoughe in thy hed ful lite is,

Fr. queue, retinue, suite, may have had the same
To make bokes, songes and dites,

origin with Lat. sequor and secundus. Its priIn rime or elles in cadence,

mary application is to a younger brother, or to As thou best canst, in reverence

the youngest. It is now used to designate a Of love and of his servauntes eke

volunteer in the army without a commission; a That have his service sought.

follower. It is specially appropriated to yoang Chaucer's House of Fame. gentlemen sent out to India by the East India Let it stamp wrinkles in her brow of youth, Company to seek their fortunes in the military With cadent tears fret channels in her cheeks. profession.

Shakspeare's King Lear,

Joseph was the youngest of the twelve, and Darid The sliding, in the close or cadence, hath an agree. the eleventh son, and the cadet of Jesse. ment with the figure in rhetorick, which they call

Browne's Vulgar Erran. præter expectatum; for there is pleasure even in being deceived.

Bacon,

Cadet is a word naturalised in our language There be words not made with lungs,

from the French. At Paris the cadets had an Sententious showers! O let them fall!

equal patrimony with the rest, before the revoTheir cadence is rhetorical.

Crashaw. lution. At Caux, in Normandy, the custom was Hollow rocks retain

to leave all to the eldest, except a small portion The sound of blustering winds, which all night long

to the cadets. In Spain it is usual for one of Had roused the sea, now with hoarse cadence lull the cadets in great families to take the mother's Sea-faring men, o'erwatched.

Milton. Now was the sun in western cadence low

Cadet, in military language, is a young genFrom noon; and gentle airs, due at their hours tleman who applies himself to the study of fortiTo fan the earth, now waked. The words, the versification, and all the other ele- in the army, with or without pay, till a racancy

Id. fication, gunnery, &c. and who sometimes serves gancies of sound, as cadences, and turns of words happens for his promotion. There is a company upon the thonght, perform exactly the same office of gentlemen cadets maintained at Woolwich, a both in dramatick and epick poetry.

Dryden. He hath a coufused remembrance of words since sciences necessary to form a complete officer,

the king's expense, where they are taught all the ho left the university; he hath lost half their mean

Their number has lately been increased, and ing, and puts them together with no regard, except to their cadence.

commissions are given to them when qualified. Swift.

A cadet in the French service, did not receive Accept this token, Carteret, of good-will, The voice of nature, undebased by skill,

any pay, but entered as a volunteer in a troop These parting numbers, cadenced by my grief,

or company, for the specific purpose of becomeFor thy loved sake, and for my own relief,

ing master of military tactics. If aught, alas! thy absence may relieve,

CADGE', v.? Teut. kautser and kaupstes, a Now I am left, perhaps, through life to grieve. Cadgʻer, n. Sdealer are cognate with chap Philips. To Lord Carteret.

man; but Teut. ketsher, is a carrier. Thus a It is very observable, that though the measure is cadger is a biggler, a huckster, and seller of the same in which the musical efforts of Fear, Anger, goods, Archdeacon Nares observes : and Despair, are described, yet, by the variations of

A round frame of wood, on which the cargers & the cadence, the character and operation of each is sellers of hawks carried their birds for sale. See strongly expressed.

Bailey: and cadger is also given, as meaning a Commentary on Collins' Ode on the Passions. huckster, from which the familiar term codger is mere If we would keep up the attention of the reader or likely to be formed, than from any foreign origin. hearer, if we would preserve vivacity and strength in our composition, we must be very attentive to vary Cadr, or CADET, '72, or 1787, Arab. i, e a our measures. This regards the distribution of the judge; in the Turkish empire, is generally taken members, as well as the cadence of the period. for the judge of a town; judges of provinces

Blair's Lectures. being distinguished by the appellation of moutas. Cadence, in reading, from cadere, Lat. to fall, There are numerous complaints of the acarice, is a falling of the voice below the key-note at the iniquity, and extortion of the Turkish cadis; all close of every period. In reading, whether justice is venal; the people bribe the cadis, tbe prose, or verse, a certain tone is assumed which cadis bribe the moulas, and the moulas the cadi

name.

teschers, and the cadileschers the mufti. Each greater distance, on the lap of a lofty hill, stands cadi has his serjeants, who summon persons to Medina, nearer the sea the town of Puerto Real answer complaints. If the party summoned and the arsenal of the Caraccas; and on the exfails to appear at the hour appointed, sentence is tremity of the right hand point the city of Cadiz. passed in favor of his adversary. It is usually When this extensive bay is filled as it sometimes vain to appeal from the sentences of the cadi, as is with the vessels of different nations, displaying the cause is never heard a-new, but judgment is their respective colors amidst a forest of masts, passed on the case as stated by the cadi. But the whiteness of the houses, their size and apthe cadis are often cashiered and punished for parent cleanliness, the magnificence of the public fagrant injustice, with the bastinado and mulcts; edifices, and the neat and regular fortifications, the law, however, does not allow them to be put form together a most striking assemblage of obto death. Constantinople has had cadis everjects. Opposite Cadiz the land has little apsince 1390, when Bajazet I. obliged John Paleo- pearance of verdure; and, except the vineyards Irgus, emperor of the Greeks, to admit cadis to near Santa Maria and Rota, ail is brown and judge all controversies that occurred between the barren. Greeks and the Turks settled there. In some The best houses have brick floors and stone or countries of Africa the cadis are also judges of marble stairs; and, the windows generally looking religious matters. Among the Moors, cadi is into the patio or court, are private and retired; the denomination of their higher order of priests and under the house is a cistern, which, in the or doctors, answering to the rabbies among the rainy season, is filled with water. But good Jews.

water is very scarce here : they usually prefer CADIA, in botany, a genus of plants of the drinking that which is brought in casks, by boats, class decandria, and order monogynia: CAL. from St. Mary's. To cool this water, and render five-cleft; petals equal, inversely heart-shaped; it fit for drinking, they filter it though small jars legume polyspermous. Species one only; a of porous clay, which renders it very pleasant dative of Arabia Felix, with solitary, axillary, and refreshing. The richer inhabitants use water one or two-flowered peduncles, of a purple hue. cooled with ice, which is brought daily in large

CADILESCHER, or CadilESKER, à capital quantities, from the mountains of Ronda, and in officer of justice among the Turks, answering to this climate is a great luxury. Every dwelling a chief justice among us.

It is said that this is a sort of separate fort, and capable of military authority was originally confined to the soldiery; defence. The streets of this city are remarkably but that at present it extends to the determination well paved, which may in some measure arise of all kinds of law-suits; only it is subject to from there being few or no wheel-carriages to appeals. There are but three cadileschers in all destroy the pavement. Coaches are not in use, the grand seignior's territories, viz. Ist of Europe; and most of the streets are too narrow to admit 2d of Natolia; and 3d at Grand Cairo. This them. Carts for the conveyance of goods are last is the most considerable. They have their also almost unknown. The Gallegos, or naseats in the divan next to the grand vizier. tives of Gallicia, a strong and industrious race

CADIZ, a city and sea-port of Spain, in of men, perform those laborious occupations for Andalusia, supposed to have been founded by which, in other cities, horses and carts are emthe Phænicians; who settled a colony here, and ployed. By the help of poles on their shoulders gave it the name of Gadis, or Gadira. It was these men remove the heaviest articles with the afterwards incorporated by the Roman empire, utmost facility; and being frugal, as well as inunder the title of Municipium. It then fell into dustrious, execute their tasks at a cheap rate. the hands of the Saracens, who held it till the Every large town in Spain is filled with them: middle of the thirteenth century, when it was a man from any other part of Spain, following recovered by the Spaniards. . In 1596 it was the occupation of a porter, is from custom called taken and plundered by the English, under the the Gallego, a name at present implying the ocearl of Essex; and the attempt was repeated by cupation as well as the country. The entrances the duke of Ormond in 1702, but after landing of the houses are the receptacles of every kind his troops be found it impracticable to remain. of filth; and, except in those belonging to the During the dreadful earthquake which de- houses of the richer class, who keep a Gallego molished Lisbon on the 1st of November, 1755, sitting at the door, you are almost suffocated the sea rising in an extraordinary manner, over- by stench before you reach the apartments. flowed the country about Cadiz to a great extent, This city, placed on a peninsula, at the terminaand by its leaving behind it wrecks, which ap- tion of a long sandy isthmus, has no unoccupied peared to have belonged to a temple, a tradition ground, and can spare little for squares. The that the ancient city of Cadiz was once swal- Plaza de St. Antonio is the only one and is very lowed by an earthquake, appeared to be con- small; but being surrounded with magnificent firmed. It is certain that the sea without the houses, and contrasted with the streets, all of straits of Gibraltar has encroached upon the which with one exception are very narrow), it has land. It is said, that in very calm weather, when a good effect, and is the principal resort of the inthe tide is low, the ruins of the old houses, and habitants. To the ladies it is the mall; to the the remains of the temple of Hercules, may merchants the exchange; and to the officers, the sometimes be discerned under the water. The parade. The Alameyda, or public walk, is very view on entering the bay is exceedingly fine : beautiful ; always dry under foot, and furnished on one extremity of the left point is the town of with good marble seats on both sides ; being Rota, a little farther off appear the castle of Ca- close to the sea, the trees do not thrive, and talina and the neat city of Santa Maria ; at a indeed afford very little shade: the cool sed

a

breeze is howeverenjoyed towardsevening, and the students, who are maintained and educated at the walk is then crowded with good company. The king's expense; two hospitals for the sick, one whole of the ramparts that surround the city are set apart for each sex ; and an asylum for fortyalso agreeable promenades, from which the sea seven widows, founded by a Turkish merchant. breaking over the rocks, and the varied scenery The manufactures are few, being confined to of the bay, form a charming prospect.

ribbons and silk net-work; but its commercial Cadiz is defended by four forts, St. Sebastian, industry is great. It is unquestionably the prinSt. Catherine, Louis, and Matagorda ; the two cipal trading port in the south of Spain, and was last form the defence of the grand arsenal called long the seat of the public board for American La Caraccas, in which there are no less than three affairs : there has been here also an East India basins, and twelve docks, with ample supplies of Company since 1782. The American trade nayal stores. The bay is the grand rendezvous was a monopoly until 1778; what it afterwards of the Spanish navy. An insulated tract at the becanie, it now avails little to state : in 1791, mouth of the river Guadalete is called the island which may be considered an average year, the of Leon, and the city stands at the extremity of imports from America amounted in gold and a long tongue of land, projecting in a north-west silver to £5,500,000 sterling ; the number of direction from this island, communicating with vessels arriving from that quarter were 176, and the rest of it by a road nearly five miles in the total number of ships that entered the port length. It is surrounded, therefore, by the sea was 1010. The imports from America, exclusive on the north-east and west, which, with the nar- of gold and silver, were cocoa, tobacco, sugar, rowness of the land communication, prevents its chocolate, vanilla, and all kinds of colonial procapture by a military force, so long as its pos- duce. The exports to that quarter, hardware, sessors are masters of the sea. This was stri- linen, (Silesian and Irish), and woollens, along kingly exemplified in the long blockade of 1810, with wine, oil, almonds, raisins, wax, cinnamon, 1811, and 1812.

paper, books, and medicines. But the changes Among the public buildings, the old cathedral and revolutions at home, and the toss of the is chiefly remarkable for its paintings, most of colonies, have annihilated large portions of which are copies; and its treasures, which con- this trade. There are still, however, few great sist of gems, many large silver candlesticks and sea-ports in Europe that are not occasionally lamps, and three custodias, one of which is con- connected with Cadiz; and English, Insti

, structed of the finest silver, weighing fifty-one Italian, French, and Dutch merchants are esarobas, and another of solid gold. The church tablished here. The common period for bilis of the capuchins, the church of the oratory, and of exchange with England, Holland, Germany, some of the convents, also contain some fine and other foreign countries, except France, is pictures. The best collections, however, are to sixty days date. Smuggling is also a profitable, be found in the possession of private individuals. and by no means a decreasing pursuit. Linen

In the garden of the convent of the capuchins, is manufactured in the country adjoining in conMr. Jacob saw a tree, which he considered to be siderable quantity; and an important branch of the only one of the kind in Europe; it yields industry is carried on in the neighbourhood, in the resinous gum called Dragon's blood. He the preparation of salt. The pits extend from was informed that it came originally from the the bay of Puntal to Santa Maria, and belong to East Indies. A new cathedral has been erecting the Spanish government. Fishermen from all ever since 1722, and, if ever finished, will be a the maritime countries of Europe ; but especially most magnificent edifice. But the labor of many from the neighbouring coasts of Normandy, are years is as yet required to complete it. The constantly coming in here for supplies of this chief expense has heen hitherto defrayed by the article. Consulado, or body of merchants, which have Cadiz has often been an object of attack by expended upwards of a million of dollars. It is of Great Britain. In 1596 the earl of Essex and white marble, but towards the sea the saline par- the lord high admiral Howard pillaged this city: ticles have changed it to a brown color; the thirty years afterwards lord Wimbledon landed marble Corinthian pillars within are very hand- an army of 10,000 men here: but though it some; the dome designed to occupy the centre was supported by a fleet of eighty ships it reis not begun, and the interior has been for many embarked after storming a fort. In 1702 the duke years a heap of rubbish. The asylum,or general of Ormond and Sir George Rooke attempted to work-house, maintains above 800 paupers of seize the city for the archduke Charles of Austria, every nation, age, or sex, who are instructed and but failed in the object. We bombarded Cadiz einployed in useful arts. The boys are employed in 1800; and from this port sailed the combined in manufacturing silk, linen, cotton, and printed fleets of France and Spain in 1805, to be the final calicoes; the girls in spinning, in needle-work, trophies of lord Nelson's fame in the battle of and in household business; and the aged and Trafalgar. Here, in 1808, the French fleet surinfirm work according to their abilities and rendered to the Spaniards; and next year, when strength. It was greatly improved by count Seville fell into the hands of the French, Cadiz be O'Reilly in 1785, but it degenerated after his came the first seat of the central Junta, and of the resignation. It is a handsome building, with Cortes. It now sustained the long French blockDoric columns, and a front of 260 feet; has ade, from which it was not relieved until the several courts; and round the principal one is a battle of Salamanca. The civil government of gallery with sixteen columns of the Doric order. Cadiz is in the hands of a king's lieutenant and The other charitable institutions are; the royal commandant; and a mayor and two alcades. military hospital, which accommodates eighty. It is a bishop's suffragan of Seville, and contains

twenty-eight parishes, and is the seat of a captain, the acidulous solution a current of sulphuretted general, and other officers of marine. The hydrogen. Wash this precipitate, dissolve it in population has fluctuated of late, years from concentrated muriatic acid, and expel the excess 60,000 to 20,000. It is forty-five miles north- of acid by evaporation. The residue is then to west of Gibraltar, and sixty south-west of Seville. be dissolved in water, and precipitated by carbo

CADIZADELITES, a sect of Mahommedans, nate of ammonia, of which an excess must be very like the ancient Stoics. They shun feasts added, to redissolve the zinc and the copper that and diversions, and affect an extraordinary may have been precipitated by the sulphuretted gravity in all their actions; they are continually hydrogen. This carbonate of cadmium, being talking of God, and some of them make a jum- well washed, is heated, to drive off the carbonic ble of Christianity and Mahommedanism. acid, and the remaining oxide reduced by mixing

CADMEAN LETTERS, the ancient Greek or it with lamp-black, and exposing it to a moderate Ionic characters, such as they were first brought red heat in a glass or earthen retort. Dr. Wolby Cadmus from Phænicia; whence Herodotus laston's process is preferred for its precision and also calls them Phænician letters. Some say, the facility with which it yields the metal; we that Cadmus was not the inventor, nor even the subjoin it from Dr. Ure. From the solution of importer of the Greek letters, but only the mo- the salt of zinc supposed to contain cadmium, deller and reformer of the alphabet; and hence precipitate all the other metallic impurities by they acquired the appellation of Cadmean or iron; filter and immerse a cylinder of zinc into Phænician letters; whereas before that time they the clear solution. If cadmium be present it had been called Pelasgian.

will be thrown down in the metallic state, and, CADMIA, in pharmacy, a name which has when redissolved in muriatic acid, will exhibit been variously applied; but it usually denotes a its peculiar character on the application of the mineral substance, whereof there are two kinds, proper tests. Mr. W. Herapath states that he has natural and artificial.

obtained it in quavtities from the soot collected CADMIA ARTIFICIAL, Cadmia FORNACUM, in the zinc works at Bristol. The metal is obor CaDMiA OF THE FURNACES, is a matter sub- tained by dissolving this substance in muriatic limed when ores containing zine, like those of acid, filtering, evaporating to dryness, redissolvRammelsbery, are smelted. This cadmia con- ing and filtering, then precipitating by a plate of sists of the flowers of the semi-metal sublimed zinc. The cadmium thrown down is to be mixed during the fusion, and adhering to the inner sur- with a little lamp-black or wax, put into a black faces of the walls of furnaces, where they suffer or green glass tube, and placed in the red heat of a semi-fusion, and therefore acquire more solidity. a common fire, until the cadmium has sublimed So great a quantity of these are collected, that into the cool part of the tube ; then the residuum they form very thick incrustations, which must is to be shaken out, which is easily done without be frequently taken off. The name has also loss of cadmium. A little wax introduced into been given to all the soots and metallic subli- the tube, and a gentle heat applied, the metal mates formed by smelting in the grate, although melts, and by agitation forms a button. there is certainly a difference in these matters. The color of cadmium is a fine white, with a Ancient chemists distinguished five kinds of slight shade of bluish-gray, very similar to that cadmia fornacum, viz. C. botryitis, resembling a of tin; which inetal it also resembles in lustre and bunch of grapes, which is found in the middle susceptibility of polish. Its texture is compact, of the furnace. C. calamitis, found hanging round and its fracture hackly. It crystallises in octohethe iron rods, with which the matter is stirred drons, and presents when cooling the appearance in the furnace, and generally in the form of of leaves of fern. It is flexible, and yields reaquills; whence the name from calamus a quill. dily to the knife; but is harder and more tenaIt is reckoned desiccative and detersive, and is cious than tin; and, like it, stains paper. It is used to cicatrize ulcers. C. capnitis, found at the ductile and malleable, but when long hainmered mouth of the furnace. It is used by some in it scales off in different places. Its specific gradiseases of the eyes. C. ostracitis, found at the vity is 8.6040. It melts, and is volatilised under a bottom of the furnace in the form of a sea shell. red heat. Its vapor, which has no smell, may C. flacitis, found at the top of the furnace, in the be condensed in drops, which, on congealing, form of a crust. It is also used by some in present distinct traces of crystallisation.

When diseases of the eyes.

heated in the open air, it burns like tin, passing Cadmia, Natural, is of two sorts; the one into a smoke, which falls and forms a very fixed containing arsenic, and called cadmia fossilis, or oxide, of a brownish-yellow color. Nitric acid cobalt; the other containing zinc, called cala- readily dissolves it cold; dilute sulphurie, murimine, or lapis calaminaris. See Calamine. atic, and even acetic acids, act feebly on it with Cadmia is also used by Pliny for copper ore, or the disengagement of hydrogen. the stone of which copper is made.

Cadmium forms a single oxide, in which 100 CADMITES, in natural history, a kind of parts of the metal are combined with 14-352 of gem, nearly resembling the ostracites; from oxygen. The primé equivalent of cadmium dewhich it only differs in that the latter is some duced from this compound seems to be very nearly times girt with blue spots.

7, and that of the oxide 8. This oxide varies in CADMIUM, in mineralogy, a new metal first its appearance according to the circumstances

, discovered at Ilanover in 1817, by Mr, Stromeyer, from a brownish-yellow to a dark brown, and in carbonate of zinc. He obtains it in the follow even a blackish colour. With charcoal it is reing manner :-Dissolve the substance which con- duced with rapidity below a red heat. It gives 1... cadmium in sulphuric acid, and pass through a transparent colorless glass bead with borax..

a

a

a

The fixed alkalies do not dissolve the oxide of small citadel, which he called Cadmea, and laid cadmium in a sensible degree; but liquid ammo- the foundation of a city which was finished og nia readily dissolves it. On evaporating the solu- one of his successors. tion, the oxide falls in a dense gelatinous hydrate. CADOGAN (William Bromley), M.A. was With the acids it forms salts, which are almost the second son of the first earl Cadogan, and all colorless, have a sharp metallic taste, and are born in 1751. He was educated at Westminster generally soluble in water. Cadmium also unites school, whence he removed to Christ-Church, easily with most of the metals, when heated with Oxford, where he took the degree of B.A. and them out of contact of air. Most of its alloys entered into orders. In 1774 lord chancellor are brittle and colorless.

Bathurst gave him the vicarage of St. Giles, CADMUS, in fabulous history, king of Reading ; soon after wbich he was presented to Thebes, the son of Agenor, king of Phænicia, the rectory of Chelsea. He was a most indefatiand the brother of Phenix, Cilix, and Europa. gable parish minister and priest, and died much He carried into Greece the sixteen simple letters esteemed in 1797. He published some single of the Greek alphabet; and there built Thebes, sermons; and after his death his Discourses, in Baotia. The poets say, that he left his na- Letters, and Memoirs were collected by Mr. tive country in search of his sister Europa, whom Cecil. See Cecil's Life of Cadogan. Jupiter had carried away in the form of a bull; CADOGAN (William), M.D. was educated at and that, enquiring of the Delphic oracle for a Oriel College, Oxford, where he took his degree settlement, he was answered, that he should fol- of M.A. in 1755; and the same year was made low the direction of a cow, and build a city doctor of physic. He became a fellow of the where she lay down. Having arrived among college, before which he delivered two Harrean the Phocenses, he was met by a cow, who con- orations. Dr. Cadogan became famous for preducted him through Bæotia to the place where scribing an abstemious regimen in the gout, in Thebes was afterwards built: but as he was Dissertations on that disorder, 8vo. 1764. Fle about to sacrifice his guide to Pallas, he sent also published a treatise on the Management of two of his company to the fountain of Dirce for Children, and died in 1797, aged eighty-six. water. The waters were sacred to Mars, and CADORE, a town of the Venetian territory, guarded by a dragon, which devoured all the in the district of the Cadorin, on the frontier i Phænician's attendants. Cadmus tired of their the Tyrol, near the Piave. It carries on a tratie seeming delay, went to the place, and saw the in iron and the timber of the district, which is monster still feeding on their fiesh. He attacked abundant in those productions. The Austrians the dragon, and overcame it by the assistance of were defeated here by the French in 1797. La Minerva, and sowed the teeth in a plain, upon 1806 Bonaparte created Cadore into a duchy, which armed men suddenly rose up from the whose possessor had a revenue of 60,000 franks, ground. He threw a stone in the midst of them, or £2,500 sterling. It was bestowed, in 1802, and they instantly turned their arms one against on his minister Champagny. Titian was a na the other, till all perished except five, who tive of this place. It is fifteen miles north of assisted him in building his city. Soon after, he Belluno, forty-two_north-east of Trent, and married Hermione the daughter of Venus, with fifty-three west of Friuli, the district is said to whom he lived in the greatest cordiality, and by contain 22,000 inhabitants. whom he had a son, Polydorus, and four daugh- CADSAND, a small town and insulated tract ters, Ino, Agave, Autonoe, and Semele. Juno of Flanders, formed by the sea, the Wester persecuted these children; and their well-known Scheldt, and other rivers and canals. It belongs misfortunes so distracted Cadmus and Hermione, to the district or free land' of Sluys, consisting that they retired to Illyricum, loaded with grief, of drained marshes: it is very fruitful in com, and infirm with age. They entreated the gods and the pasturage is excelleni. High embantto remove them from the misfortunes of life, and ments, constructed at a vast expense, defend it they were immediately changed into serpents, generally from the sea, but hardly sufficient in Some explain the dragon's fable, by supposing north-west winds. The Dutch by means of pos. that it was a king of the country whom Cadmus sessing this island command the navigation of conquered by war; and the armed men rising the Scheldt. It was taken by the French an from the field, is no more than men armed with the 29th July, 1794; and occupied for a while. brass, according to the ambiguous signification by our army in the unfortunate Walcheten expee of the Phænician word. Cadmus was the first dition. The town is two miles north-west of who introduced the use of letters into Greece; Sluys. but some maintain, that the alphabet which he CADUCEUS, in ancient mythology, Merbrought from Phænicia, was only different from cury's rod, a wand entwisted by two serpents, that which was used by the ancient inhabitants and furnished with wings, as in the of Greece. This alphabet consisted only of annexed figure. It was given to him sixteen letters, to which Palamedes afterwards by Apollo, for his seven-stringed added four, and Simonides of Melos the same harp. The caduceus afforded him number. The worship of many of the Egyptian the power of bringing souls out of and Phænician deities was also introduced by hell, and also to cast any one into Cadmus, who is supposed to have come into sleep. In Roman antiquity it was Greece 1493 years before the Christian era, and used as a symbol of peace and conto have died sixty-one years after. According cord. The Romans sent the Carthaginians a to those who believe that Thebes was built at the javelin and a caduceus, offering then their sound of Amphion's lyre, Cadmus built only a choice either of war or peace. Those whu de