good Runners, they might have landed them, and fetch'd 7000 more, without Hindrance from us; fo that we A ought not to be without this double security of Fleet and Army.

Some Army then is necessary against Foreign Invafions, tho' not against popular Infurrection; the natural Strength of the Kingdom, the Militia and Civil Magistrates, befides the Influence which the Difpofition of Employments, gives the King over the Nobility and Gentry in every Country, would be fufficient against all popular Infurrections; especially, if it be true, that there is no C Difaffection among us but Jacobitijm, and that the Church is converted.

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feveral Huts and Vafalage. The King- great Hardship, that they fhould be dom was then a Military Government; denied the Liberty of educating their and all Lands held by Military Service. Children their own Way? Yet this What is faid that Q Elizabeth had A they now think it reafonable the Manone but Train-Bands against the migh-gistrate should submit to! ty Force of the Spaniards, is nothing to the Purpose; for who can tell the Event, if the Spaniards had landed 20,000 Regular Forces? The Queen indeed seemed not to fear; but wife and brave Men feared, and one of the Veres declared, he trembled for the Event; and 'twas believed, that had the Spaniards joined the Prince of Parma's Forces, and landed, we had been conquer'd; but God preferved us.

Weekly Miscellany, Jan. 13. No. 5. Of Civil Power in Matters of Religion. [Continued from Vol. II. p. 1115.]

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HE Question now to be difcufs'd is, Whether the fupream Legiflative Power, has a Right to limit the D publick Encouragements, allotted to thofe who shall be appointed to teach the People, to the Ministry so subscribing.]

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Let it be granted, that in fettling the publick Revenues upon the Clergy, the Legiflature confider'd the Church of England as conftituted according to the Order and Appointment of Christ. It follows; fo far as the Diffenters differ from us in Doctrine and Worfhip, fo far they must be fuppofed by the Legiflature to have departed from the Doctrine and Will of Chrift. In this F Cafe the Legislature may permit Men to differ from them; but have no Right to compel any to join in a Worfhip they don't approve. But-Are they bound to encourage an Oppofition to what they apprehend to be the Doctrine of Chrift? Little will it avail to fay, there is no Infallibility in the Legiflature; for, fallible as it is, it's the Judgment, according to which they muft act. Will a Father, in chufing a Tutor for his Children, take one that H agrees with, or one that differs from him in Judgment? When the Schifm Bill was offer'd in a late Reign, did not the Diffenters complain of it as a

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The Legiflature encourages one Method of Religion, in Diftinction from all others. You think it reasonable they fhould encourage all alike. What is the Difference? Why this; that in the one Way the Magiftrate propagates one Syftem of Doctrines, which in fome Points may poffibly be erroneous: In the other he would propagate many Syftems, which he may be morally certain will be erroneous. The Dif fenters would have the Church of England open wide her Gates to many who differ from her in Doctrine, to all forts of Sectaries and Hereticks, who pafs for Chriftians, and interpret Scripture as they are able. Let Mr Chandler anfwer to this Point, and then tell us why Mr Woolfton has not as good a Title to a Benefice as he. But why does Mr Chandler plead, that all, but profeffed Deifts, fhould be admitted to Ecclefiaftical Preferments? The only good Reafon why Deifts fhould be excluded, is, that the Magiftrates, as Chriftians, ought not to encourage an Oppofition to Chriftianity. And is there not as much Sente in faying, that the Magistrate, as perfuaded of the Soundness of the Church of England, ought not to encourage any Sect which fhall oppofe her Doctrines?

The next Quetion is Ought the Corporation and Test Acts to be repealed or not? To determine this Point two Things must be confidered: 1ft, Whether thefe Laws propose a juft End? 2. Whether they pursue the End by juft Means?

The ultimate End of these Laws is the Security of the Church of England as by Law established. (Stat. 10 Anne cap. 2) The immediate End, fubfervient to the other, is to keep Nonconformifts of all Sorts out of Offices Civil and Military; and out of the Govern. ment and Direction of Corporations;

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ver the People, or their Reprefentatives, yield up any Privilege to the executive Part of the Government, they fcarce ever recover it. Power, like Avarice, has a devouring Appetite, which increases the more it is fed; and thus Governments become Arbitrary.

From thefe Maxims the Writer takes Occafion to defcant on the evil Confequences of Excifes to the Trade and Liberties of the People; that its dangerous to alter establish'd Methods of collecting Duties; and that by excifing Commodities imported from our Plantations, the Exportation of our own Manufactures to thofe Places will be greatly leffened.

But as this Subject has already been largely handled, we fhall defcend to no farther Particulars, till the Difpute comes nearer to a Point, and makes it more neceffary.

The Diffenters infift much on their Zeal for his Majesty's Government, as a Reafon for their being admitted to Offices of Trust in common with other Subjects.] But where does their Zeal end? Why, for his Majefty's Government, confider'd only as oppos'd to the Claims of the Pretender, and a Popib Adminißration; and furely the Clergy and People of the Church of England are as little inclined to either THIS Effay is a Panegyric upon

of these as themselves. One of the Reafons for excluding K. James II. and the Popish Line, was the Security of the Church of England; for which Security his Majefty and his Proteftant Succeffors ftand Guarantees. How then can Affection to his Majesty's Government confift with Difaffection to the Church of England?

To the Second Question, Do these Laws purfue the End propofed by pro per Means? the Author fays but little. The Means are, the requiring the most facred and folemn Evidence that Chriftians can give of their being in Com

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munion with the Church of England.
The Difpute now is not whether the
Sacramental Test be a proper Teft; the G
Diffenters declaring against all Tests in
general; but the Queftion to be refolv-
ed, is, Ought Power to be put into the
Hands of Diffenters or not? Which
has been already difcuffed.

Fog's Journal, Jan. 13. No. 219.

Dniversal Spectatoz, Jan. 13. No. 223

K. Edwd III. and his brave Son the Black Prince; whofe Characters the Journalist gives from an Hiftorian already in a multitude of Hands; we chufe therefore to pafs over Things fo well known, to make more Room for the new Papers; which our Readers may imagine have fome fuperiour Excellence, or they would not adventure to launch out among fo many already on foot. Befides, their Authors would think us partial, if we did not take a proper Notice of their Lucubrations.

The Audito, Jan. 9, 12, 16, 19.

ONE of the ancient Sages being Ο ask'd, Why Nature had furnish'd Man with two Ears, and but one Tongue? gave this moral Answer, "That the Defign of Providence was to inftruct us, that we should hear at leaft double what we fpeak." Pythago ras accordingly required of his DilciH ples a triennial Silence before they were

matriculated into his School.

The TITLE I have affumed, will, doubtless, alarm the Wits of the Age.

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As they will not allow any Person a fuperior Excellency in one Faculty, without taking as much from him in another, I expect, at the fame Time, A to be congratulated on my extensive Faculty of Hearing, and banter'd with the Weakness of my Sight, or fome other Defect.

The late Ld Chancellor Digby relates a fingular Story of a deaf Nobleman of Spain, who, from a conftant Obfervation of the various Motion of the Lips, Tongue, and Eyes, of the Perfons with whom he converfed, perfectly understood what was faid to him; and could give appofite Anfwers, if he could fee the Perfon that talk'd to him. 'The Inference was, that his Eyes perform'd the Office of Ears to him; and that the Privation of one Sense adds to the Vivacity of another. Why then may not my Ears claim a fuperior Excellency over my other Senses?

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The most important Inftruction that can be communicated, is, To teach what is truly Good, and how to do it. Upon this Bafis, my future Animadverfions upon all Degrees fhall turn, and be interfpers'd with Inftruction and Pleasure, Improvement and Diverfion; their chief Scope being to fill the Heart with an indelible Tincture of True Philofophy; maintaining an impartial Tenderness for Perfons and Things.

I foresee it will be objected to the Title of this Paper, that the difcurfive and theoretick part of Life only, comes under my Confideration. But the Example of the Spectator, will justify my entering into the Scenes of active Life.

No II. The Auditor introduces this Paper with fome Reflections on the Follies current when the Tatlers and Spectators were written; that there was not then that Stagnation of Tafte, D nor Want of Defire in People to improve themselves as now; that Works of Genius were more frequent than at this Time; profeffes his Defign is to awaken both Sexes out of their different Kinds of Lethargy; and then proceeds to give an Account of himself to the following Purport:

However, to fupply the leaft Defect in that Organ, I have for feveral Years ftudied the Nature of Sounds, and to make thofe aerial Vibrations converge and and concentrate, as it were, in a Point, have contrived a Machine E in fome measure refembling the inward Fabrick of a human Ear; by the Help of which the lowest Whisper is heard, as in the Gallery at St Paul's, the Diftance of 25 Yards, and fo in proportion louder Sounds. By turning a Pin upwards, it receives the Sounds, and by turning it downwards, fhuts out the loudeft Noife. The last mention'd Property of this little Echo, is my Refuge, whenever the Difcourfe turns to Lewdness, &c. On the contrary, when the Knowledge of our Duty to the Supreme Being, to our Country, our Fellow Creatures, and ourselves, are the Subjects of Converfation, how harmoniously are they convey'd thro' my dear Echo! Being as conveniently worn as a fmall Ear-ring, I always H carry a pair about me, one for each Ear: To this I owe many Difcoveries, efpecially among the Fair-Sex, who it will appear are the diftinguifh'd Objects of my tendereft Regard.

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I was born about the middle of the Year 1689, ever memorable for the glorious Dawn of reftor'd Liberty; my Father a Gentleman, efteem'd for his Virtue, had one Foibleffe, a Prepoffef fion in Favour of Aftrological Predictins. Accordingly he confulted an Adept, who having drawn my Horofcope, affur'd my Father, that from the combin'd Influence of the Planets reigning at my Birth, the Seeds of Benevolence and Humanity were implanted ftrongly in my Nature, for which I fhould be distinguish'd. He intrufted me therefore to the Tuition of an ingenious Gentleman to my 15th Year, then fent me to the Univerfity.

The first four Years of my Academical Inftitution I fpent in improving myfelf in the Poetick and Oratorian Tafte; and having infcribed a Copy of Latin Verfes to a certain illuftrious

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Profeffor, he thank'd me, but gave me to understand, that the Advantage arifing from fuch Studies was but light,

he poffeffes. The Study of Hiftory and Mathematicks at the University, led him to the Army, where he made fo quick an Advancement, that the late

if compared to the useful Knowledge AD. of Marlborough honour'd him with

from which they diverted me. Such, added he, is the Study of the Mathematicks, and of Nature, which enlarges the Mind, and capacitates it to receive the most exalted Notions of the Deity and Religion.

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Purfuant to his Advice, the Mathematicks and Nature became my Study; in which I continu'd to my 23d Year, when, on Examination, I found I had acted the Part of a self-interested, uselefs Portion of Existence. This Reflection raised in me a Defire of Improvement in that part of Knowledge which reftores the distemper'd Microcefm to its priftine State. Accordingly I apply'd myself to the Lecture of the antient Phyficians, who beft delineate the Hiftory of Diseases, and enumerate D their diftinguishing Symptoms. Here I had an Opportunity of exercising that Benevolence, the Seeds of which had been implanted in me,

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A long Attendance on the Sick gave room to a narrower Inspection of Man; E which led me into an Acquaintance of a Distemper unmention'd in Hippocrates, out of the Reach of Galen or Hermes, viz. an universal Corruption of the Heart, a general Difregard of our first Duties. A ferious Reflection turn'd all my future Attention to the Cure of this univerfal Malady. Accordingly, I left the Univerfity, and came to Town, where I have liv'd feveral Years, perfonally known to many, really to few, free and independent of all, my Father having at his Death left me G Mafter of a very eafy Fortune; wherefore I fhall dedicate most of my leisure Hours to the Use of the Publick.

No III. Quales effe decet. The Auditor's Account of his Club. The firft Perfon is Sir Charles Freeman, Son of the late Sir Robert, of Gloucestershire; whofe Lot of younger Brother has been inftrumental in attaining the many valuable Qualities

Marks of peculiar Efteem. At the Conclufion of the Peace at Utrecht, he retired to his Eftate. His long Continuance in the Army has qualified him to be a perfect Judge of Men. In his Converfation he is open and unconfined; in his Behaviour free and difengaged. He has the Courage and Impartiality of Manly in the Plain-Dealer, without his Spleen or Bitterness.

Frank Eafy is what they call a Woman's Man: He dances excellently, is a Proficient in Musick, and has a Smattering of Architecture and PaintingHis Dress is rich, but not tawdry; and his Converfation light, yet agreeable enough. Frank has made the Tour of France and Italy, and speaks the Language of each fluently. He is perfectly verfed in that fort of Converfation in which Men of Senfe make the leaft Figure. Tho' his grand Foible is an amorous Difpofition, yet it is blended with Sentiments of Probity and Goodnature. He thinks it inconfiftent with the Character of a Man of Honour, after feducing to abandon the unhappy Wretch; and takes pleasure in declaring he has expended above 3000/. in voluntary Settlements.

The third Member of this Society is an Italian by Birth, of the Family and Name with the celebrated Author of Advices from Parnaffus. His Averfion to Bigotry and Superftition obliged him to quit his own Country. He has a competent Knowledge of the Power, Riches, and Trade of all the flourishing States in Europe. He is a conftant Check upon that Prevention and Redundancy of Zeal, fo natural to an Englishman, in Favour of ourselves. He is free from the deceitful Knavery H of his own Countrymen, the Levity of the French, the Gravity of the Spaniard, and the Ferocity of a certain Northern Island mention'd by Horace.

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