The foregoing statements are all facts, which shew an inconfiderable origin, a vigorous progrefs, and a vast confummation. But, whence did Liverpool acquire this great traffic, and immenfe fhipping? Your answer is, from the genius of a chymist in Flint-street, the adroitnefs of a potter in Jordanstreet, and the skill of a mill-wright*, in Brookftreet. The true anfwer is, from the active enterprize, and prudent œconomy, of the whole people of Liverpool. And, when did the obtain this prodigious commerce, and extraordinary wealth? The anfwer is, fince the commencement of the prefent century,amidst wars, taxes, and debts. In running this race of gain, many no doubt fell before they reached the goal. The Gazette is the record of their fall. Yet, thousands won the golden prize, by their fuperior knowledge and activity, by their uncommon forefight and attention. You were fudying in your clofet, during this race upon the wharffs. You were too bufy with the writings of the economists to allow you leifure to look into the hiftory of the population, the traffic, and the fhipping of Liverpool. And, contrary to fact, and experience, you were perfuaded by the aconcmifts, who only fe

order to ascertain the amount of the fhipping employed in the over-fea trade of Liverpool, in thefe feveral years.

conded prepoffeffion, to think, and to proclaim, that the traders of Liverpool, owing to wars, taxes, and public debts, are very poor, and the corporation of Liverpool is on the verge of bankruptcy.

No, Sir, I did not think, that the traders of Liverpool are very poor; I did not proclaim, that the corporation of Liverpool is on the verge of bankruptcy. I fee, my good Doctor, that you flinch from thofe facts, and from this ridicule: and my kindness for you will not allow me to press you more upon the point, or to follow you further into your privacies. But, you do proclaim throughout every page of your Letter, that the traders of Great Britain, owing to wars, taxes, and public debts, are very poor, and the corporation of Great Britain is on the verge of bankruptcy. You make thefe pofitions the foundation of your fyftem: and, you claim the honours, which are due to the writer; who difclofes to the world what the world knew not before*. Yet, confider that,

Honour is not wonne

Until fome honourable deed be donne."

Now, I pray you, what is a commercial nation, but a collection of commercial towns? Such as, London and Bristol, Birmingham and Sheffield, Manchester and Leeds, Whitehaven and Newcaftle, Glasgow and Paifley, Greenock and Leith. As I have analyfed Liverpool, I could in the fame manner show, what these profperous towns were,

Page 2, at the bottom.

and

and are. But, we fhould be loft in the maze of minuteness. We may, however, look a little minutely at the origin, the progrefs, and confummation of the manufactures, the traffic, and the fhipping, of the two united kingdoms.

Scotland, alas! at the epoch of the Darien adventure, during king William's reign, was a child, which pretended to run, before it could ftand. Let us trace her growth, from infancy to youth. Of the progrefs of her linen manufacture, we may judge from the following detail:

Of linen cloth, there were made for sale in

Of the whole manufactures of Scotland, which were exported by fea, we may form an adequate judgment, from the fubjoined account of the va lue of fuch manufactures:

Of the shipping of Scotland, we may have a sufficient view, from the following detail :

There were employed,

Foreign Trade. Coaft Trade. Fishing Trade.

Tears. Ships. Tons. Slips. Tons. Ships. Tons.

622 - 26,167 - 222-11,385 - 1,509 - 88,845 70528,683 - 244 11,455 950-47,688-361 - 19,898 –

92-718-84,027 - 1,022 - 50,940 - 376 - 19,890

1,493 - 84,415

2,105 - 154,409

2,116 - 154,857

There was an account laid before the Convention of Royal Boroughs, in 1692, of the shipping, which then belonged to the feveral ports of Scotland, and which amounted only to 8,618 tons, of the value of £.25,854

The fhips registered, in Scotland,

In 1792 - 2,143 Ships. 162,274 Tons, Worth L.1,298,192

From the foregoing documents, it appears, then, that Scotland has profpered as faft, and as much, as Liverpool, during the fame period, amidst wars, and taxes, and public debts. Aye, fay you, fhe too has had her chymifts, and potters, and millwrights, to help her.-The wife ftatefmen, who made the Union, provided a small fund, which has done wonders, in promoting her manufactures, her fishery, and trade; and which, if it had happily been greater, had done greater wonders! The best helps, however, which any people can have, are

their own diligence, and their own economy. It was from these fources, that Scotland, notwithstanding the intermediate wars, frequent taxes, and public debts, has acquired, in no long period, a great manufacture, an extensive traffic, a numerous fhipping, and not a little wealth.

When Scotland was a child, during king Wiliam's reign, England was a youth, with all the brifknefs, and buftle, of youth. From the Revolution, and the war of the Revolution, fhe carried an extraordinary energy into the occupations of peace, after the treaty of Ryfwick. And from every subsequent war, fhe appears to have redoubled her energy, and to have made proportional acquifitions of all that creates, and conftitutes, opulence. England had more than three times as many fhipping employed in her commerce, at "the damn'd peace of Utrecht," and more than double the exportation, that he had, at the celebrated treaty of Ryfwick. She had fifty per cent. more fhipping, and traffic, at the peace of Aix-la-Chapelle, than fhe had, at the peace of Utrecht. She had a fourth more fhipping, and a third more exports, at the peace of 1763, than fhe had, at the peace of 1748. The years, which immediately fucceeded this epoch, were a period of unexampled profperity. Yet, when the prefent war began, England had, notwithstanding two long wars, more than doubled her fhipping,

and