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The Railway Time Tables of India; Steam Navigation, Coasting, Coach, and other Conveyances; Telegraph Communications; Tables of Distances; Tabular Forms of Expenses; Time of Journey, &c. Advice to the Eastern Traveller- Hints as to the Purchase of Outfit-Lug ageCurrency, &c.: with a most useful Vocabulary of Hindoostanee. Illustrated with Maps of India, the various Routes to India, &c. Panorama of the Nile. Plans of Calcutta, Madras, Bombay, and Constantinople, and other Illustrations. London: W. J. ADAMS, 59, Fleet Street, E.C. LONDON, SATURDAY, AUGUST 19, 1876. CONTENTS. - N° 138. QUERIES:-Simon Smith-Sir John Leach, M P.-Joannes myself justified before God and man in repelling violence by violence. "It should have been mentioned long ago that, whilst I lived at Castle Magruder, some of the patriots NOTES:- Reminiscences of an American Loyalist, 141of my parish, which swarmed with them, were Shakspeariana, 143-Folk-Lore, 144-Macaulay and Croker both in the Wrong Cowper and Harte-Scientific Ety- for ever stirring up anybody they could find at all so mology and Popular Reviews, 145 Ulster Irish-Epitaph-disposed, to give me trouble and vexation. They made "The Vision ofheodorus Verax-Italian Pronunciation a great outcry about my refusing to receive some corn I of English-Gloucestershire Salutations, 146-Epigram on had bought of a planter, notwithstanding that 1 proved Dr. Whewell, 147. that the corn he offered to deliver me was not marketable. This is mentioned only to show that among such men in such times it becomes even meritorious to injure and insult an honest man who has had the misfortune to be voted obnoxious. Amongst others I fell into a dispute with a blacksmith; the consequences of which, as it happened did me no little service. He had a cornfield adjoining my pasture. the fence of which was so bad that a favourite and valuable horse of mine, though fettered, got over into it. Finding him in his field this fellow actually shot at him, and lodged several large swan shot in different parts of his body, so that he was for ever after lame. To aggravate this shocking behaviour stil more, it was done in the sight of my wife, and not wi hout much abuse of her husband. And as if he valued himself on his feat, he soon after came swaggering up to me. swore much, and talked much impudent nonsense; adding, whilst his gun was in one hand, and a large stick in the other, which he often shook at me, that by of Justice Dialect Cllections Curious Ep taph Ancient REPLIES:-The Irish Peerage: Irish Union Peers, 149- Notes. he would serve me as he had served my horse. This was too much. I saw it was his plan, if possible, to provoke me to strike him, and to have a trial of strength with me; and being a stoutish fellow, and I utterly unused to boxing, no doubt he counted on gaining a cheap victory, and of course much credit. I desired him repeatedly to keep his distance, instead of which he thrust his fist in my face. No alternative seemed now to be left, and so, as we were to come to blows, I determined to have the first. I struck him but once, when REMINISCENCES OF AN AMERICAN LOYALIST.prostrate he fell, and measured o'er a length of ground.' (Continued from p. 83.) No man, who has never himself experienced such a state of society as then prevailed in that country, can conCeive what credit I gained, and, I add, what advantage, from this lucky blow. I was looked upon and spoken of as another Broughton; and it was of more advantage to me to be so thought of than to have been set down as a Newton." or "It was proper, however, and necessary that at least I should continue to go to church. My wife's uncle Mr Addi-on's parish was supposed to be somewhat quieter than mine; and as this was the case, and my estate also lay in it, I left Queen Anne, and removed to The Lodge. where I officiated as Mr. Addison's curate; having put a Mr. Harrison, brother to the gentleman of that name The two following stories, although amusing in who was afterwards Mr. Washington's secretary, into themselves, are chiefly remarkable as showing the the cure of my parish. In the usual and regular course wild state of society which must have existed in of preaching I happened one Sunday to recommend North America at the time of the Revolution, peaceableness; on which a Mr. Lee and sundry others, supposing my sermon to be what they called a stroke at when it was considered en règle for an the times, rose up and left the church. This was a dained minister of Christ to fight a duel. If The signal to the people to consider every sermon of mine as Merry Wives of Windsor is, as I suppose it is, a hostile to the views and interests of America: and faithful picture of manners in the reign of Elizaaccordingly I never after went into a pulpit without heth, clergymen at that time were not always averse Something very disagreeable happening. I received sundry messages and let ers threatening me with the from what Sir Geoffrey Peveril calls "a gentlemanmost fatal consequences if I did not (not d sist from like turn upon the sod" (I allude of course to the preaching at all, but) preach what should be agreeable quarrel between Sir Hugh Evans and Dr. Caius); to the friends of America. All the answer I gave to but it is rather startling to find an episcopal these threats was in my sermons, in which I uniformly clergyman engaged in an affair of this sort so and resolutely declared that I never could suffer any merely human authority to intimidate me from perform-late as a century ago, even in America. It is true ing what in my conscience I believed and knew to be my duty to God and His Church. And for more than six no ths I preached, when I did preach, with a pair of loaded pistols lying on the cushion, having given notice that if any man, or body of men, could possibly be so lost to all sense of decency and propriety as to attempt really to do what had been long threatened, that is, to drag me out of my own pulpit, I should think that in neither case did my grandfather actually fight with his adversary, but this was a mere accident. He was evidently quite prepared to meet Mr. Sprigg, had that gentleman not shown the white feather. "In my controversy with Messrs. Chase and Paca some personalities had occurred, and in a controversy solute mind, but as to fighting, in every mode of it, there is nothing I so much dread and detest. Everything, therefore, that I did in that way was really and truly to preserve me from fighting. And it appears that I succeeded. when did they not occur? The laugh was turned particularly upon Paca, who, though neither absurd nor ridiculous, was but a weakish man, and exquisitely alive to the state of the public opinion concerning him. In short, he was so hurt as to fancy it incumbent on him to give me a regular and formal challenge; and he accord- "The principles and ways of thinking of Whigs and ingly applied to my friend Mr. Smith, the Secretary to Tories, or of Republicans and Loyalists, are hardly more the Governor, to be his second. Mr. Smith, with great different than are their tempers. The latter have a readiness of mind and adroitness, told him that I had foolish good nature and improvidence about them, which foreseen long ago how our dispute would terminate, and leads them often to hurt their own interests by promot accordingly had actually engaged him to attend me as ing those of their adversaries, when the objects for which my second on the occasion. This well-timed invention they contended are removed; but the former never forstaggered my adversary; which Smith improved by gives, never ceases to effect his purposes of being revenged reciting sundry imaginary instances of my astonishing on those he has once called his enemies. Mr. Sprigg courage and prowess. Thus was I, without any plan or was a thorough Whig, and I perhaps as thorough a Loywishes of my own, all at once set up as a d-d fellow, alist, as appeared on the last fracas of the kind in which equally in favour with Mars and Minerva; and I have I was involved, and which now soon took place. every reason in the world to believe that this opinion "A public fast was ordained. In America, as in the alone saved my bacon on many occasions. One only I grand Rebellion in England, much execution was done will now set down. I dined with Mr. Addison by sermons. Those persons who have read any out of Murdock, a gentleman of considerable respectability, the great number of Puritan sermons that were then and a near relation of my wife's, in a large company printed as well as preached will cease to wonder that so of men of different parties and opinions. Amongst many people were worked up into such a state of frenzy ; others was Dr. Brookes, a well-meaning, sensible, but and I, who either heard or heard of many similar disblundering man, and a Mr. Osborne Sprigg, a very great courses from the pulpits in America, felt the effects of patriot, who had been very busy in the corn story, and them no less than they had before been felt here. My who could not forgive me for having defeated him in his curate was but a weak brother, yet a strong Republican, attempts to fasten on me suspicions of having done that is, as far as he knew how. The sermon he had wrong instead of having suffered wrong. Dr. Brookes, preached on a former fast, though very silly, was still with the best intentions I daresay, gave as a toast, May more exceptionable as contributing to blow the coals of the Americans all hang together in accord and concord!' sedition. Its silliness perhaps made it even more misPrompted no doubt by my evil genius, I said, before I chievous, for to be very popular it is, I believe, neceswell knew what I was saying, 'In any cord, Doctor, so sary to be very like the bulk of the people, that is, wrongit be but a strong cord.' It was the appearance of wit headed, ignorant, and prone to resist authority. And I in this retort, I suppose, which tempted me, and which am persuaded, whenever it happens that a really sensible after all I believe may be found in Joe Miller. The pa- man becomes the idol of the people, it must be owing to triot took fire immediately, but the explanation I made his possessing a talent for letting himself down to their satisfied everybody else, and things might again have level. It remains to be proved, however, that a really gone on smoothly had not the wretch, determined to sensible person ever did take this part; I think the quarrel with me, when his turn came, given as his toast, contrary may be proved. As, however, Mr. Harrison's "Damnation to General Gage, the troops under his com- practice as well as preaching were now beginning to be mand, and all who wish well to them,' which I refused exceptionable, that is, by his setting about and promotto drink, as when I did several others also did. Mr. ing factious associations and subscriptions, it was thought Sprigg now grew outrageous, blustered and threatened necessary that on the approaching fast-day, which was a at a prodigious rate, and several times pretended to get day of great expectation, I should make a point of apup to strike me, and seemed to be unwillingly restrained pearing in my own pulpit, and the Governor waited on by the company. I sat perfectly still and composed, till me on purpose to press my doing so. at length, when there was a little pause, I just said, 'Sir, I believe everybody, as well as myself, has seen that you have determined to quarrel with me; you no doubt thought the opportunity favourable for your purpose, and I have observed you swallow large draughts of wine to render you pot-valiant. But, sir, I will again disappoint you; permit me, gentlemen, to entreat you only to sit still, and I will stake my life for it the gentleman will not think of coming near me.' This address had its effect, for he now recollected that bruising was ungentlemanly, and that as I was said to have studied under Broughton, I might possibly be an over-match for him, and therefore I should hear from him next morning 'as a gentleman.' I replied, "Tis very well, sir; you are no acquaintance of mine; and if those who are your friends think the retreat you are now making a handsome one, I am contented. For the rest, I never did yet hear of your having acted in any instance as a gentleman"; and if I should to-morrow morning, all I can say is, it will exceedingly surprise me; I shall be at my own home all day.' But I never heard more of him as a gentle man. "It was not on this occasion only that I have experienced that the true way to escape a danger is fairly to meet it. I have, I believe, a tolerably vigorous and re "On my informing Mr. Harrison that this was my intention, he told me he had prepared a sermon for the occasion. I asked him what subject he had pitched upon, and I never shall forget his reply. He proposed, he said, to preach against absolute monarchy. It was impossible, I said, not to commend the judiciousness of his choice, as the times and the country in which our lot had fallen so particularly called on us to put our people on their guard against a danger into which they seemed so likely to fall! The fact was, I fancy, he had found such a sermon in Hoadly, and, having transcrib: d it, showed it to the Committee, by whom it was approved, as any and every thing was and would have been, however loose and weak, that but seemed to be against power and for liberty. that it cious friends I had, looked over my sermon, duty, in so difficult a conjuncture was, as the prophet advised them, to sit still. And sadly as things went against loyalty and loyal men, I have the comfort to reflect that some good was done by my efforts in their favour. I had some credit and character with my brethren of the clergy, many of whom were thus restrained within the bounds of duty. And as a proof that many of the people were so restrained, I may mention that when members for the Provincial Congress were to be chosen, as the measure was quite novel and altogether unknown to our laws, I exhorted my people to abstain from it, and not one of them attended. Out of the whole county there were but thirteen electors; and in Annapolis there were but four. And it is a certain fact, of the truth of which I at least am thoroughly convinced, that nine out of ten of the people of America, properly so called, were adverse to the revolt. But how shall an historian prove so extraordinary a fact, or expect to gain credit if he should prove it?" the American Revolution, which he had delivered at various times in America, he dedicated the volume to his old friend in terms so friendly, and, at the same time, so independent, that I would gladly insert the dedication here, had not these extracts already extended to what I fear is an unconscionable length. JONATHAN BOUCHIER. Bexley Heath, Kent. would (To be continued.) SHAKSPEARIANA. THE GRAVE-DIGGER AND YORICK'S SKULL IN HAMLET": A MODERN PARALLEL.-In Moore's Life of Byron (Murray's 17 vol. ed., vol. iv. pp. 161-2) appears the following passage, which may be thought worthy of being noted in the pages of "N. & Q." :— "BUSYLESS," Tempest, Act iii. sc. 1 (5th S. iv. 181, 365; v. 105; vi. 25, 104.)-When I read the last communication (p. 104), I turned to an English dictionary, printed in London, and therein I How, on my grandfather's arriving at his church, found to busy and to tame, both verbs active, which, he found it filled with armed men, and was told according to English grammar, are transitive. that positive orders had been given them to shoot Turning next to an English dictionary, printed in him if he attempted to preach; how matters were Glasgow, I therein found to busy and to tame, both looking so threatening that, in order to save his verbs transitive, and so established the parallel. life, he seized the leader, the above-named Osborne And that both busiless and tameless are derived Sprigg, by the collar, and, cocking his pistol, from the adjectives busy and tame, I think the assured him that if any violence were offered he following comparisons will make plain-Tame, would instantly blow his (Sprigg's) brains out; and tamer, tamest; tame, less tame, least tame; tame, how they all marched from the church in grand tam[e]ish, tameless. Busy, more busy, most busy; procession, the drummers, by Sprigg's orders, play-busy, less busy, least busy; busy, busyish, "busying the Rogues' March-all this was told in my less." And if busiless, chronologically, preceded former extracts, in 1874, so I need not repeat it. tameless, let the credit of what, if generally adopted, I will instead give a letter which my grandfather useful to writers of both prose and prove verse be awarded to Theobald. J. BEALE. wrote to Washington on his quitting America, and Spittlegate, Grantham. which, considering the eminence of the person to whom it was addressed, and the great events to which it alludes, may be said to possess something" of an historical interest. As some excuse for its exceeding bitterness of tone, especially in the concluding paragraph, we must remember that Mr. Boucher was really a sort of martyr to his political principles; and that, besides the distress of mind "I afterwards went to the beautiful cemetery of Boand obloquy which, as an active loyalist in a great logna, beyond the walls, and found, besides the superb revolution, he almost necessarily incurred, he lost burial-ground, an original of a Custode, who reminded both his preferment and nearly all his property, and one of the grave digger in Hamlet. He has a collection of capuchins' skulls, labelled on the forehead, and, taking was thrown on the world at a time when he had down one of them, said, This was Brother Desiderio every reason to believe that he was settled for life. Berro, who died at forty, one of my best friends. I He not unnaturally considered that his former begged his head of his brethren after his decease, and intimacy with Washington entitled him to the they gave it me. I put it in lime, and then boiled it. protection and consideration of one who possessed Here it is, teeth and all, in excellent preservation. He was the merriest, cleverest fellow I ever knew. Wherever so much influence. I have not the means of he went he brought joy, and whenever any one was mejudging if the great President deserved my grand-lancholy, the sight of him was enough to make him father's severe reproaches; the minds of even the most honest and upright men become so warped by party feeling, especially in a great convulsion like the American Revolution, that it is exceedingly difficult to judge how far we may accept their opinions of one another's conduct. It is only fair, however, both to Washington and to Mr. Boucher to state that the latter, in after years, appears to have changed, or rather modified, his opinion of Washington's conduct, as, when in 1797 he published a set of sermons on the causes and consequences of cheerful again. He walked so actively, you might have Nottingham. 5.-Shall "AS YOU LIKE IT," Act ii. SC. we not get at the meaning of Shakspeare by remembering what happened to the first-born of Egypt? They all died and were at rest. So Jaques may mean, though it is a little far fetched perhaps, that he will rail against the FOLK-LORE. HOW TO CURE AN ILLNESS.-A case of superstition came before the borough magistrates of Crewkerne in June. An elderly man, named Culliford, was charged by a young married woman of Odcombe with obtaining 3s. from her by false pretences. The prosecutrix said her mother was ill, and she, hearing of the defendant, who is a quack," that he had succeeded in making various "cures," went to him and consulted him, as she thought he could do her mother good. He told her a near neighbour was the cause of the illness, and in a bottle of water he placed some thorns and a small piece of paper, and told her to bury it upside down in the garden, and not to let any one see it, and as long as it remained underground her mother would get better. If she did not amend in the course of fourteen days she was to come to him again, and he would give her some powders for the patient. She took the bottle home and buried it; but her mother, instead of getting better, grew worse, yet she did not go for the powders, as she was afraid he would poison her. She afterwards took the bottle up and read what was written on the paper, which was to the following effect : "As long as the paper and thorns remain in the bottle I hope Satan, the angel of darkness, will pour out his wrath on the person who is the cause of the illness, and will throw him on a bed of sickness which nobody can cure; and as this water is tormented by the thorns, so may he be tormented by the illness, and as the water dries up in the bottle, so might his flesh dry up on his bones, and he shall not live over nineteen days, when he shall be taken into hell by Satan and his angels." In the same month a pauper woman named Whiddon, living at Plympton, paid a Mrs. Cox, an herbalist, of Plymouth, a sovereign to cure her. She had received some medicine, and was to get some more from the herbalist, which she was to bury underground, and that would make her quite well. Mrs. Cox told the magistrate that she was a very clever person; and in order to show conclusively that this was the case, she stated that she was the seventh daughter of the seventh daughter of the seventh daughter. She also observed that she was in the habit of curing scores of people that medical men had given up. The seventh daughter of the other daughters had to hand over the sovereign. This is a curious instance of the survival of the belief in witchcraft and "sympathy." WILLIAM E. A. AXON. RUSHBEARINGS. -Some of the readers of "N. & Q." may be N. & Q.rious enough to wish to know the dates of the Lancashire yearly festivals called rushbearings. They are as follows, so far as I have been able to learn them. The rushbearing at Heywood takes place on August 3; at Milnrow on August 3; at Littleborough on August 10; at Rochdale on August 17; at Oldham on Sept. 7; at Whitworth on Sept. 7. I by no means say that the foregoing list is exhaustive; in fact it only deals with the neighbourhood of Rochdale. Perhaps some of your Lancashire correspondents can extend it over the rest of the county. A. J. M. BURIAL CUSTOMS.-During the operation of the Act for burying in woollen the law was sometimes evaded by covering corpses with hay or flowers, notification of which is occasionally found in parish registers. The materials were hereabouts called "strewings." I find in the registers of an adjoining parish entries of bodies, about the year 1706, Buryed in sweet flowers only." In other cases it is said that the bodies were "not wounde vp or Buryed sauinge only in sweet flowers and Hay." The affidavits were made to that effect. Was this custom general ? J. E. BAILEY. 66 Stretford, Manchester. MAGPIES (4th S. xii. 327; 5th S. i. 38, 298.)—I was recently told by a native of Morayshire that it is there believed, to the present day, that magpies flying near the windows of a house portend a speedy death to some inmate. WILLIAM GEORGE BLACK. WORSHIPPERS OF SMALLPOX IN INDIA.— "The Hindoos have given cholera a godde-s all to itself-the hid ous Oula herber, seated on a vu ture tearing a carcase, surrounded with fi ues in pray ng attitudes, and accompanied by her lady's-maid, eetla or Shetola, the god ess of smallpox, whose followers, according to a Punjab blue-book, lately stoned the vaccinators in the streets of Delhi."-Examiner. [In England, the followers of Seetla only defy the law which prescribes vaccination.] in Somerset, keeping a wayside inn, who is re- A young woman, subject to epileptic fits, was seen to wear a broad silver ring on her wedding finger. This ring was made out of a half-crown got in exchange for thirty pence begged from thirty young men of her own age, which half-crown |