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And wives still pray to Juno1
For boys with hearts as bold
As his who kept the bridge so well
In the brave days of old.

And in the nights of winter,

When the cold north winds blow,
And the long howling of the wolves
Is heard amidst the snow;
When round the lonely cottage
Roars loud the tempest's din,
And the good logs of Algidus2
Roar louder yet within;

When the oldest cask is open'd,
And the largest lamp is lit,
When the chestnuts glow in the embers,
And the kid turns on the spit;
When young and old in circle

Around the firebrands close;
When the girls are weaving baskets,
And the lads are shaping bows;

When the goodman mends his armour,
And trims his helmet's plume;
When the goodwife's shuttle merrily
Goes flashing through the loom;
With weeping and with laughter
Still is the story told,
How well Horatius kept the bridge
In the brave days of old.

'Juno, queen of the gods, and the goddess of marriage. She is sometimes represented as standing or sitting in a light car, drawn by peacocks.

Macaulay.

2 Algidus, the eastern part of the range of the Alban Mount, in Latium, about twelve miles from Rome, on the Appian Way.

ENGLISH, LATIN, AND GREEK PREFIXES.

PREFIXES.

I. OF SAXON ORIGIN.

A, generally signifies, on or in; as, afoot, ashore, aground. Be, to make; as becalm, benumb. Be, for, about; as bespeak, besprinkle. En, Em, in or on; as enclose, embark. En, Em, to make; enable, empoverish. For, denial, from, back; as, forget, forbid, forgive, forswear. Fore, before; as, foretel, forerunner. Im, for In, to make; as, imbitter, impair.

Mis, error, or defect; as, misplace, misunderstand, mistake.

A

Ab

Out, beyond; as, outbid, outrun. Over, above, more than enough; as, overload, overflow, overcharge. Un, before a verb, means undoing; as, unbolt, untie, unlock.

Un, before adjectives and adverbs, means not; as, unfair, unkind. Under, beneath, too little; as, undermine, underrate, underclerk. Up, motion upwards; as, uphold, upset, upland.

With, from or against; as, withhold, withstand.

II. OF LATIN ORIGIN.

from or avert, avoid.

-away;

Abs as,

Ad means to; A for Ad, to;

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absolve, abbreviate.
abstract, abstain.
as, adjoin, adhere.
as, ascend, ascribe.
as, accept, accede.
as, affix, afflict.

as, aggravate, aggran-
dise.

as, allot, allude.

as, annex, announce.

as, apply, appear.
as, arrive, arrest.
as, assist, assimilate.
as, attend, attract.

At
Am, round or about; as, ambition,

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as, compose, compute. as, corrode, corrupt. Contra, against; as, contradict. Counter for Contra, against; counterbalance, countersign.

as,

De, down, off, or from; as, deject, decamp, debar, degrade.

Dis, to take from, away, or not; as, disarm, disorder, disbelieve. Dis, asunder; as, dispel.

Di for Dis, asunder; as, diverge, divide.

Dif for Dis; as, differ, diffuse.
Dif for Dis, not; as, difficult, dif-
fident.

E, out, or out of; as, emit, eject.
Ex, out; as, extend, expel.
Ec for Ex, out; as, ecstacy, eccentric.
Ef
as, ef face, ef fuse.
Extra, beyond; as, extraordinary.
In, before a verb, means in, into, or
on; as, induce, inject.

Il for In, in or into; as, illuminate.

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A signifies want of or without; as, apathy, aphony.

An for A; as, anarchy, anonymous. Amphi, round, both, or two; as, amphitheatre, amphibious. Ana, through, back, or again; as, anatomy, analysis, analogy. Anti, against; as, antipathy, antichristian.

Ant', against: as, antarctic antœci. Apo, from or away; as, apostacy, apostle.

Aph, from, off; as, aphelion, aphæ

resis.

Cata, down, from side to side; as, catacomb, cataract.

Cat for Cata; as, catechise.
Cath for Cata; as, catholic, cathedral.
Dia, through; as, diameter, dialect.

The final vowel of anti, apo, cata, dià, epi, hypo, meta, and para, is dropped when the roots begin with a vowel; as, antagonist.

Apo is changed into aph; as, aphelion. Similar changes occur with

Di for Dià, as, diorama.
En, in or on; as, endemic, energy.
Em, in or on; as, emphasis, empiric.
Epi, upon; as, epitaph, epidemic.
Ep, upon; as, ephemeral.
Hyper, above; as, hypercritic.
Hypo, under; as, hypothesis.
Meta, beyond; as, metaphor.
Met, change; as, metonymy.
Para, Par, side by side, near to; as,
parable, parallel, parody.

Peri, round, about; as, perimeter, periphery, period.

Syn, together, with; as, syntax, synopsis.

Sy for Syn, as, system.

Syl Sym

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as, syllable. as, sympathy, symmetry.

some other prefixes, when they come before Greek roots whose initial letter has the rough breathing. Thus, epi becomes eph; hypo, hyph; and meta, meth; as, ephemeral, hyphen, method.

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[student, deponent.

Ster

One

who, or

the person

that.

[commander, carrier.

mayoress, governess. czarina.

heroine, landgravine. botanist, querist. Levite, favourite. native, fugitive.

executrix, administratria. mediator, benefactor. chorister, youngster.

2. The Substantive of the Thing.

accuracy, intimacy. bondage, foliage.

denial, revival, refusal.
ignorance, variance.

constancy, vacancy. obedience, silence. agency, fluency. manhood, childhood. advice, notice, cowardice. goodness, blindness. strength, depth. magnitude, multitude. Ty captivity, cruelty. Y [honesty, modesty. Ary, the place where, the thing that; as, library, aviary.

Th Tude

Ate, office or jurisdiction; as,-ponti

ficate.

Dom, the place where, the rank of; as, kingdom, dukedom.

Escence, the state of growing or becoming; as, effervescence, quiescence.

Ics, the art of, science; optics, mechanics, mathematics.

Ion, state of being, act of; contribution, contrition.

Ism, doctrine, idiom, state of being; Calvinism, Latinism, parallelism. Ment, the thing that, act of, being or state of being; as, refreshment, concealment, abatement.

Mony, being or state of being, the
thing that; as, harmony, patrimony.
Ory, the thing that, the place where;
as, memory, dormitory, armory.
Ric, office; as, bishopric.
Ry, the place where, the art of, being;
as, cookery, chemistry, bravery.
Ship, office, state of; clerkship, part-
nership.

T, a thing, a being; as, gift, cleft.
Tide, time or event; as, eventide.
Ure, the state, art of; as, agriculture,
departure.

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H. AFFIXES TO. ADJECTIVES.

[demoniac, elegiac.

parental, capital. European, human. humane, urbane. lunar, solar,

military, epistolary. Maltese, Chinese. majestic, apostolic. historical, geographical: torrid, splendid. marine, feminine. auditory, introductory. Aceous, like, of or consisting of; as, foliaceous, cetaceous.

Id Ine Ory]

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Escent, growing, or becoming; as putrescent, quiescent.

Ful

Ose

Ous.

hopeful, joyful.

jocose, verbose.
zealous, melodious.

Ile, of or belonging to; may or can bẹ; infantile, fragile, textile.

Ish, like or resembling; belonging to; as, childish, Danish, English. Ish, diminution; as, greenish, stiffish. Ive, having power, or that can; as, decisive, destructive, creative.

Less, want of, without; as, homeless, careless, parentless.

Like, resembling or like; as, childlike, godlike, warlike.

Ly for Like; as, fatherly, brotherly. Some, full of, abundance, somewhat, as, troublesome, frolicsome.

Ward, in the direction of; as, wayward, outward,

Y, full of, covered with; as, flowery, rusty, dusty.

AFEIXES TO VERBS.

fabbreviate, alleviate, ani

Ish

mate, create.

sharpen, harden, widen, Ize, or

sweeten.

purify, magnify, glorify, Ise

sanctify.

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IV. AFFIXES TO ADVERBS.

Ly, like, in manner or way; as, fear- Ward, Wards, in the direction of'; as, fully, joyfully, safely.

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Saxon; L. Latin; G. Greek; F.-French; I.=Italian; Ger. German; O.F.Old French; T.-Teutonic; Heb.

Hebrew; B. Belgic.

Л.

Elf (S.), a fairy, a hobgoblin. Equus, equal, Unequal.

Estimo, æstimatum, to value. Eternitas, eternity.

Adoro, to adore.

Agon, onis, a contest. Agonize.
Aile (F.), wing; aisle of a church.
Air (F.), look; appearance.
Ala, a wing.

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