EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES. xvii (xv.) The Hawk1 is found both on Christian and on heathen monuments. In Plate III. will be seen (CVIII.) a figure which may either represent the hawk, less correctly and more elaborately executed, or some other kind of bird. See pp. 443, 444. (XVII. and VI. of Plate I., and XXXII. and XXXVII. of Plate III.) The Fish. The two figures in Plate I. seem mythological, and not intended to represent real fish. The fish, although common in the heathen, is rare in the Christian sculptures, in one of which, however (Spalding Club, vol. i. LXIX.), it appears preyed on by a bird. See Plate LIV. and pp. 425 430. 3 (CXII.) The Sword in the Scabbard is found both on Christian and on heathen monuments, the end being always square. Pp. 444, 445. Plate II. (CXXXVIII.) Human Figure with Dog's Head.* This figure appears on a stone by itself; but on a Christian monument (Spalding Club, vol. i. CXVIII.) there are several indistinct figures of a similar form. (LXXXIII.) The Serpent Pp. 441, 442. is common both on heathen and on Christian sculptures. See also Plate LI. and pp. 402, 407 415. 6 (LXVII.) The Serpent and Sceptre are more common on heathen, but are also found on Christian sculptures. See also Plate LI. and pp. 402, 407-415. (XL. and XCII.) The Flower or Plant is found both in Christian and in heathen sculptures. See also Plate LVI. and pp. 440, 441. (CXXXIII. of Plate II. and LXXIII. of Plate IV.) The Dog's Heads Since the body of this work was sent to press a figure exactly similar to that of cxxxm. has been discovered cut in the rock of a cave at East Wemyss; and it is a fact of some importance that in this case the dog's head is in combination with the double disc and sceptre. See also Plate LVI. and pp. 441, 442. (XLI.) The Triangle is found only on one, a heathen sculptured stone, and even there is not well defined. LXXIII. may be an embellishment of the triangle. See p. 447. (x.) The Circle enclosing three Circles and three Triangles is a single example, and appears on a heathen monument along with the crescent and sceptre. See also Plate XLVII. and p. 420. (CXIV.) The Horse. Many horses appear on the sculptured stones, but this is the only one without a rider or trappings, and with the peculiar marks which this bears. This is the only figure on the stone. A horse without rider or special marks appears cut in the rock of a cave at East Wemyss. also Plate LVI. and pp. 432-435. (XXXVIII.) The Boar. See This figure is cut on a rude boulder, on which faint remains of the double-disc emblem may be traced. The boar is found in sculptures along with the cross. See also Plate LVI. and p. 437. (XXXVIII. and LXXVII.) The Bull. These are heathen sculptures, but cattle with the same peculiar marks as in XXXVIII. appear in Christian religious processions, as in cx. Plate IV. and in vol. i. Spalding Club, LXX., where the cattle are apparently intended for sacrifice. See Plate LVI. and pp. 435 437. Plate III. (CVIII.) The Bird and (XXXII. and XXXVII.) The Fish are referred to above in Plate I. (LXXIV. and LXXXIV.) The Centaur. There are two sculptures in which the centaur appears bearing the bough of a tree. There are three sculptures in which the centaur is found. also Plate LVI. and pp. 442, 443. See (XLIII.) Bird's Head on Human Figure. These monsters are in a Christian sculpture. (XIV. XL. and LXXIII.) See also Plate LVI. and p. 438. The Hippocampus. These figures are in Christian sculptures. See also Plate LVI. and p. 439. (LXXVII.) Peculiar form of Fish. A single example. (LXXVII. and XIV.) Serpents. The two serpents—a single example-and no other figure on the same stone. The other is on a monument partly Christian. See pp. 402, 407-415. EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES. Plate IV. (LXXIII.) Dog's Head. Referred to in Plate II. xix (LXXIII.) The Camel. Appears on monuments of the Christian period. (xc.) Cattle. Referred to in Plate II. (Vol. ii. Spalding Club, VI.) Bird swallowing Serpent. (xc.) Tree on a Platform or in a Flower-Pot? plant in a sculpture at Carthage. See Plate VI. Resembles (XXXII.) Plant or Flower. Referred to in Plate II. Plate V. (xv. and cx111.) Circular Figures on a Stand. Always placed upright. Referred to in Plate I. and p. 420. (CXI.) The Double Crescent is found both in Christian and heathen sculptures. (Letter A.) The Goose appears sculptured on a rock in a cave at East Wemyss, combined in the same design with the elephant. See also Plate LVI. and pp. 86-90. (CXXXII.) Sea-Monster, is in a heathen sculpture. (XXIX. and XXXII.) The Harp is in Christian sculptures. See also Plate LVI. and p. 448. PLATE VI. Figures from the ruins of Carthage, showing emblems somewhat similar to those on the sculptured stones of Scotland. From Dr. Davies' Researches in Carthage. See p. 47. PLATE VII. The Sacred Tree at Anuradhapoora in Ceylon. From a drawing made by the Author in 1827. See p. 174. PLATE VIII. Comparative size of the principal stone circles in Britain. This diagram is on too limited a scale to show the most remarkable distinctions of Avebury-viz. its miles of approaches, marked by huge monoliths, and an artificial mount that covers five acres of ground. See p. 183. PLATE IX. Stone Avenues of Carnac in Brittany. From a drawing made by the Author in 1857. The view is looking along three outer lines of the rude columns, of which there are eleven lines forming ten avenues. See also Plate XVI. p. 191. PLATE X. Plans of the circles of Stonehenge in Wiltshire, and Sinhinny in Aberdeenshire. See Plates XIII. XIX. XX. p. 207. PLATE XI. Plan of the Hurlers. From Borlase's Cornwall. See p. 207. PLATE XII. Plan of Botallick Circles. From Borlase's Cornwall. See p. 215. PLATE XIII. View of the Circle at Sinhinny, Aberdeenshire. See Plate X. p. 215. PLATE XIV. View of part of the Circle at Ardlair, Aberdeenshire. P. 216. PLATE XV. View of part of the Circle in the Churchyard of Midmar, Aberdeenshire. P. 220. PLATE XVI. View on the plain of Carnac in Brittany, taken in 1857. See Plate IX. p. 232. PLATE XVII. Plan of Avebury, showing the avenues of approach and the Mount of Silbury. See Frontispiece and Title-page; also Plate XVIII. p. 235. PLATE XVIII. Plan of the Great Circle at Avebury. See Plate XVII. ; the Frontispiece to Vol. I.; and p. 234. PLATE XIX. View of Stonehenge; taken in 1856. It was too late to notice under the proper head in this work the account of a primitive monument seen by Palgrave' at Kaseem in Central Arabia. He was informed that there were other similar monuments in the same neighbourhood. This monument appears to be a near resemblance, in size of columns, massive architraves, and form of construction, to Stonehenge. Palgrave considers these monuments to have been "in some measure religious." He also states that in the surrounding districts planetary or Sabæan worship was, and still is, to a great extent practised. See Plate XX. p. 240. PLATE XX. View of Stonehenge, as the Author believes it appeared, when perfect, to those entering from the East. See Plate XIX. p. 241. PLATE XXI. Plan of the Circle at Castle-Rig, near Keswick, Cumberland. See Plate XXII. p. 244. PLATE XXII. View of the Circle at Castle-Rig, and mountain of Blencathra beyond it. See Plate XXI. p. 245. PLATE XXIII. Plan of Primitive Monument at Callernish in Lewes. From Paper by H. Callender, Esq., in Proceedings of Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, vol. ii. p. 382. See p. 247. PLATE XXIV. View of Great Menhir at Loc-Maria-Ker, Brittany, restored. From sketches by the Author, taken in 1857. Plate XXV. p. 249. See PLATE XXV. View of Great Menhir at Loc-Maria-Ker, as it lies broken and prostrate. See Plate XXIV. p. 258. 1 Palgrave's Central and Eastern Arabia, 1865, vol. i. p. 251. |