to be hoped that these accounts are great. ly exaggerated, and that the number of houfes actually destroyed may be reduced to about 9000, three fourths of which were very fmall, and inhabited by the poorest fort of the inhabitants." L. gaz. Conftantinople, Aug. 9. The plague, which had broken out here about twenty days ago, has been totally checked by the uncommon warm and dry weather which is now fet in. The fame effects have been produced at Ceres, and in the environs of Salonica; but the diftemper ftill rages in Cuban Tartary, particularly at Taman, where great numbers of people have perished." Lond. gaz.

The above fire has been followed by mother ftill more dreadful of which the following account appeared in the ondon Gazette of Sept. 28.

Conftantinople, Aug. 26. On the 22d nftant, about ten o'clock at night, a re broke out in the quarter called Giali, fituated towards the middle of the arbour, which a high north wind exended to fuch a degree, as to baffle, for me time, the efforts made to fupprefs it. his conflagration, the greateft perhaps at ever happened, continued during fixtwo hours, without intermiffion, with ich fury, that one of the largest palaces, ie habitation of the Aga of the Janiffaes, difappeared in lefs than ten mi ites. The flames proceeded from fea fea, and burnt even the interior of e seven towers, at the oppofite extreity of the city. In this direction the e raged three miles in length, through e richest and beft inhabited streets, on front fometimes a mile broad, and metimes lefs, according to the irregular lly fituation of the city. In fome plaIs it extended in different directions, fo at at one time there appeared no lefs an eleven diftin&t conflagrations, moft which ceafed only at the fea fide, afconfuming the very wharfs. It is spoffible to estimate the loffes of all nds occafioned by this calamity; but is certain that numbers of people pehed in the flames, and that many were iven by them into the fea, and unfornately drowned. Previous to thefe fad fafters with which this unfortunate city as been lately vifited, it was fuppofed › contain 70,000 houfes, of which it is elieved about two fifths now lie in ruins. is more eafy to conceive than defcribe he scene of diftrefs which a city in this mentable fituation muft exhibit, with, erhaps, 200,oco unprovided inhabitants, VOL. XLIV.

The Grand Signior, and all the minifters of the Porte, as ufual, attended on this awful occafion, and distributed mo. ney to the people; and an order was published by the Mufti to fufpend the faft of the Ramazan, that the people might recruit their strength, and be the more able to work. Owing to the direction of the wind, which continued high during the fire, the flames did not approach the quarter of the Porte and Seraglio; but the people of the law have fuffered prodigiously; and, amongst other public edifices, all the chambers of the Janiffaries, upwards of fifty mofques, 300 corn-mills, and 200 public ovens, have been deftroyed."

SWITZERLAND.

"Geneva, July 2. On the 8th of Aprillaft, the most numerous part of the citizens, fupported by a party of the natives and inhabitants of this city, took up arms, fet upon the Republic guard, and having taken poffeffion of the arfenal and magazines, went and carried off from the council-chamber a number of magiftrates, whom they grofsly infulted, and have detained them prisoners in a tavern, threatening to put them all to death. His Majefty [of France], as protector of the Republic, having taken proper measures, in concert with the King of Sardinia and the Canton of Berne, in order to put an end to the troubles, and restore peace to the Republic, the forces of the three united powers assembled about Geneva, to the number of 12,000, under the refpective commands of the Marquis de Jancourt, Comte de Marmora, and Gen. Baron Lentulus. The burghers had repaired the fortifications, and taken such steps as might fhew that their intention was to refift.

On the 29th ult, at five o'clock A. M. the three generals, by their joint proclamation, fummoned the inhabitants: this was accompanied with a letter to the fyndics, containing the declarations, which the latter were to make public, that the entrance of the troops might not occafion any disturbance. Four hours was the only time granted for an an. fwer; but it was lengthened to twentyfour, at the request of the befieged; the generals declaring, nevertheless, that no interruption should be given to the preparations carrying on for the attack. On that very day the Marquis de Jancourt opened the trench. On Sunday the 30th, a further delay was fued for, and rea. dily granted. During this time the French

had raised their batteries, having on their left the troops from Berne; Comte Marmora, with his Sardinians, ftood on the left of the lake, and of the river Rhone. After several more delays, orders were given to begin the attack; when, this morning at two o'clock, the generals received a letter from the fyndics, acquainting their Excellencies, that the troops would be admitted into the city. The bridge which runs acrofs the ditch on the fide of France having been broke down, it was agreed, that the troops from Sardinia fhould immediately take poffeffion of the new gate; that a detachment of the Swifs, who had croffed the lake, fhould poft them felves at the gate called the Rive; and that, as foon as the broken bridge could be repaired, the French fhould march into the city; which was done accordingly.

Thus, without bloodshed, was an end put to an affair which might have been attended with the most fatal confequen. ces; the reprefentants having expofed the whole city to a total deftruction, in cafe of an attack, by filling the houfes of their opponents with large quantities of gunpowder. It must be faid, however, that as this circumftance was known, proper measures had been taken to compel the town to furrender, without making ufe of either mortars or guns, fo that all the mischief would have been confined to the rampart.

It is not yet known what could induce the reprefentants to furrender, without making ufe of the means of defence, which they had taken care to multiply, unless it be faid, that the arguments of the more moderate amongst them prevailed on the reft, and wrought the falutary effect.

Thirty of the reprefentants, provided with a boat, having attempted to fave themselves by the lake, were chaced, but ran the boat aground, and fwam to the fhore, leaving behind them a portfolio full of papers, belonging to one of the ringleaders." Gaz. de France.

On the 4th of July, the generals of the three protecting powers ifflued a proclamation, in the name of their fovereigns, commanding the little and great councils to refume their functions from that day, and reinftating them in all their rights and privileges as they were before the 7th of April laft.

"Geneva, July 8. A little time after the troops had entered the city, the fyn. dies caufed to be publicly proclaimed, *hat no citizen, burgher, native, or in

habitant, fhould leave his dwelling ;. notwithstanding which the streets were full of people of all kinds. On the next day, the generals and plenipotentiaries of the protecting powers ordered every one of us, under pain of being dealt with according to martial law, to lay our arms, cartridges, &c. at our doors; and this was punctually complied with. Two days ago a proclamation was issued, at the found of the trumpet, for every one who had been made a free burgher fince the 7th of February laft, to bring back their letters of freedom in the space of eight days. The emigration of the reprefentatives is very numerous, and it is fuppofed will greatly increase. The intention of thofe emigrants feems to be, to carry fomewhere else our watch manufactories. The church of St Peter had been turned into a powder-maga. zine, that of St Gervais was used as a guard-room, and the new temple served as an hofpital. The first act of authority exercifed by the protecting forces was, to caft into the Rhone 800 barrels of gunpowder. Enthusiasm for a liberty which the foremost have not dared toal fert, was carried to such a pitch, that the very women, to the number of 500, were trained every morning to the ufe of arms. Fourteen thousand ftand of arms have been carried back to the arfenal. The number of emigrants hitherto exceeds 2000, and the prefent event has thrown the whole party of representatives into the greatest confternation. The want of neceffaries is keenly felt here. For these twelve weeks paft, all manner of work has been at a ftand. Half the trees the adorned the walks of this city have been cut down, under pretence of protecting a freedom, which now is but an empty name."

AMERICA.

Report to the President of the Board of Layalifts, refpecting the execution of Fas Huddy, inclofed in the letter to Sir Henry Clinton, dated April 27. [See p. 431.] Sir, In compliance with the orders of the Honourable Board of Direction, we beg leave to communicate to your Excellen cy, for their information, an account of the proceedings of the Loyalists from Monmouth, on the late expedition for the relief of Capt. Clayton Tilton, and two other Loyalifts, then prifoners with the rebels in that county.

Being fruftrated in our defign of carrying off Capt. Tilton, by force, and our

offers

offers for exchange rejected, we dreaded that he was referved for a fate fimilar to that our affociate Philip White had fuffered, who was taken at the fame time with Capt. Tilton, and inhumanly and wantonly murdered by the guard who were carrying him to Monmouth gaol. This recent inftance of cruelty, added to the many daring acts of the same nature which have been perpetrated with impunity, by a fet of vindictive rebels, well known by the name of Monmouth Retaliators, affociated and headed by one Gen. Furman, whose horrid acts of cruel. ty have gained him univerfally the name of Black David, fired our party with an indignation only to be felt by men who, for a series of years, have beheld many of their friends and neighbours butchered in cool blood, under the ufurped form of law, and often without that ceremony, for no other crime than that of maintaining their allegiance to the government under which they were born, and which the rebels audaciously call treafon againft

their states.

We thought it high time to convince the rebels we would no longer tamely fubmit to fuch glaring acts of barbarity; and though we lament the neceflity to which we have been driven, to begin a retaliation of intolerable cruelties, long continued, and often repeated, yet we are convinced that we could not have faved the life of Capt. Tilton by any other means. We therefore pitched upon Joshua Huddy as a proper fubject for retaliation; because he was not only well known to have been a very active and cruel perfecutor of our friends, but had not been afhamed to boast of his having been inftrumental in hanging Stephen Edwards, a worthy Loyalift, and the first of our brethren who fell a martyr to republican fury in Monmouth county. Huddy was the man who tied the knot, and put the rope about the neck of that inoffenfive fufferer. This fact will appear by two affidavits, which we have the honour to inciofe. When the Board are pleafed to take into their confideration the motives which induced us to take this step, and that Huddy was executed in the county where fo many acts of cruelty must have been com nitted on refugees, we hope they will not think our conduct reprehenfible, the more especially when your Excellency perceives the following itate of facts, viz.

1. That Johua Huddy was one of the

rebels who took Stephen Edwards of Monmouth, a worthy Loyalift, of good family and property, out of his bed, and acknowledged himself to have been active and affifting in murdering and hanging the faid Edwards.

2. That James Pew, a Loyalist, from Middletown, of reputable family and good character, was taken prisoner by the rebels in 1778, confined for a confi derable time in Freehold gaol, and put to death by the fentry.

3. That Stephen Weft, Stephen Emmons, and Ezekiel Williams, three Loyalifts from Monmouth, were all of them moft inhumanly murdered by the rebels in 1778.

4. That John Wood and Thomas Emmons, Loyalifts from Monmouth, were taken by the rebels in 1778, and executed at Freehold.

5. That Jacob Fagars, a Loyalist from Monmouth, was wounded in 1778, of which wound he died, and was privately buried by his friends. The rebels foon after got information of this, dug him up, carried his corps to Freehold, and hung it in gibbets.

6. That John Farnham, and Jonathan Burge, two Loyalifts from Monmouth, were taken by the rebels in 1781, and executed at Freehold, notwithstanding there were Rebel prisoners of rank and confequence taken by the fame Farnham and Burge, confined in our Prevost, one of them a lieutenant-colonel of militia, and another of the rebel assembly, who were offered in exchange for them.

7. That Jofeph Wood, an associated Loyalift from Monmouth, was taken at Long Branch, Shrewsbury, in 1781, carried to Colts Neck, where he was a prifoner for feveral days; that in removing him from thence to Freehold, he was moft inhumanly put to death by the guard, within half a mile of the prison.

8. That Jofeph Mullener, an affociated Loyalift, and captain of a whale-boat privateer, was taken by the rebels in 1781, carried to Freehold, removed to Burlington, tried and executed, notwithftanding he produced his commiflion, as Captain of the said privateer, at his trial. 9. That Richard Bell, and John Thompfon, two, affociated Loyalifts from Monmouth, were taken by a party of rebels in November last, from off Sandy Hook, within his Majesty's lines, carried to Freehold, and hanged.

10. That Philip White, taken the o322 ther

ther day at Shrewsbury, in action, was marched, under guard, for near fixteen miles, and at a private part of the road, about three miles from Freehold gaol, (as is afferted by creditable perfons in the rebel country,) was kept back by three dragoons, while Capt. Tilton and the other prifoners were fent forward, and after being stripped of his buckles, but tons, and other articles, the dragoons told him they would give him a chance for his life, and ordered him to run, which he attempted, but had not got thirty yards from them, before they fhot him, and then cut him with their fwords over the eyes and other parts, until he expired.

Many of the above facts are ascertained by affidavits, and such as are not, are too notorious to be denied, even by Gen. Furman himself, the moft perfecuting rebel in the country. By a ftrange fata lity the Loyalifts are the only people that have been treated as rebels during this unhappy war.

1

We have the honour to be, in behalf of the affociated and other Loyalifts of Monmouth county, your Excellency's moft obedient and humble fervants."

The depofition of Aaron White relative to the murder of Philip White.

Aaron White, a loyalift, from Monmouth, depofeth and faith, that on Saturday, March 30. he was lying to off Long Branch in a schooner, waiting for Philip White and Mofes Foe, that were landed there the day before; that this deponent faw them engaged with a party of the rebel horse; that he instantly land. ed, and went to their affiftance. That Hendrickfon, one of the rebel horfe, was killed, and that they were in purfuit of others, when the rebels were reinforced by a confiderable party of horfe. That this deponent, with the others, fled in their turn, and endeavoured to make their escape, by getting into swamps. That this deponent was the first taken prifoner; when George Brinley came up to him, and fwore, they would put him to death, unless they caught Philip White or Mofes Foe. They foon after took Philip White; when the faid George Brinley came up to him, and tell him, he would be damned, if he fhould go alive to Freehold: Moies Foe fortunately escaped being taken. That they were carried under a guard to Colts Neck (this deponent in the waggon with Hendrick

fon's corpfe, and Philip White on horseback, at the tail of the waggon) about twelve miles from the place they were firft taken at, and there halted, until the commanding officer, with the remainder of the horfe, came up. That they were here threatened and abused; and Philip White frequently observed to this deponent, that the rebels would murder him before they got to Freehold. That this deponent was hurried in the waggon. That Philip White's guard was changed, and that John North, John Ruffell, and W. Burden, took charge of him, and kept him far in the rear. That this deponent then verily believed, from the rebels changing Philip White's guard, from George Brinley's declaring he should not go alive to Freehold, from their frequent other declarations to that purpofe, and from their keeping him at such a distance in the rear, that they intended murdering him. This deponent further faith, that David Rhea and George Brinley flopt with the waggon in which he was pri foner, when the main body of the bore paffed the waggon. That they frequent ly looked back, and exclaimed, the Philip White was making his efcane. That after feveral of thefe declarations,

they ran their horfes back to the guard in the rear; fome returned, and faid, Philip White was killed. This deponent replied, you are joking. They replied, no, by God, he was killed, and asked this deponent, if he did not fee him en deavour to make his escape: his own safety occafioned his acquiefcing. Thu this deponent was confined in Freehold gaol. That Robert Clayton, one of the rebel horfe, and the very perfon whe firft had charge of Philip White, to this deponent, if they had not removed him from out of his charge, he would have brought him fafe to Freehold. That Mofes Mount, another of the rebels, informed this deponent, that if Hendrickfon had not been killed, White woud not have been murdered. And this deponent further faith, that during his con finement, Gen. David Furman came to him, and wanted him to make oath, that Philip White was making his efcare when killed. That he told Gen. Furman, that he never faw him endeavour to make his efcape, and that he would fuffer death, before he would make any fuch oath. Furman then asked him, if he had not confeffed to the guard, that he faw his running when killed; he replied, that

he