or surgeons attained to; but it was evidently from all a dream."-" Blessed be God," says a third the secret invisible hand of Him that had at first man," and let us give thanks to him, for 'tis all sent this disease as a judgment upon us; and let his own doing." Human help and human skill the atheistic part of mankind call my saying what were at an end. These were all strangers to one they please, it is no enthusiasm; it was acknow- another; but such salutations as these were fre ledged at that time by all mankind: the diseasequent in the street every day; and in spite of a was enervated, and its malignity spent, and let it proceed from whencesoever it will, let the philosophers search for reasons in nature to account for it by, and labour as much as they will to lessen the debt they owe to their Maker; those physicians who had the least share of religion in them, were obliged to acknowledge that it was all supernatural, that it was extraordinary, and that no account could be given of it.

loose behaviour, the very common people went along the streets, giving God thanks for their deliverance.

It was now, as I said before, the people had cast off all apprehensions, and that too fast; indeed we were no more afraid now to pass by a man with a white cap upon his head, or with a cloth wrapped round his neck, or with his leg limping, occasioned by the sores in his groin, all If I should say that this is a visible summons which were frightful to the last degree but the to us all to thankfulness, especially we that were week before; but now the street was full of them, under the terror of its increase, perhaps it may and these poor recovering creatures, give them be thought by some, after the sense of the thing their due, appeared very sensible of their unexwas over, an officious canting of religious things,pected deliverance; and I should wrong them preaching a sermon instead of writing a history; very much if I should not acknowledge, that I making myself a teacher instead of giving my ob- || believe many of them were really thankful; but servations of things; and this restrains me very I must own, that for the generality of the people much from going on here, as I might otherwise it might too justly be said of them, as was said of do; but if ten lepers were healed, and but one the children of Israel, after their being delivered returned to give thanks, I desire to be as that from the host of Pharaoh, when they passed the one, and to be thankful for myself. Red Sea, and looked back and saw the Egyptians overwhelmed in the water, viz. That they sang his praise, but they soon forgot his works.

Nor will I deny but there were abundance of people who, to all appearance, were very thankful at that time; for their mouths were stopped, even the mouths of those whose hearts were not extraordinarily long affected with it; but the impression was so strong at that time that it could not be resisted, no, not by the worst of the people.

It was a common thing to meet people in the street that were strangers, and that we knew nothing at all of, expressing their surprise. Going one day through Aldgate, and a pretty many people being passing and repassing, there comes a man out of the end of the Minories, and looking a little up the street and down, he throws his hands abroad,“ Lord, what an alteration is here! why, last week I came along here, and hardly anybody was to be seen;" another man, I heard him, adds to his words, "tis all wonderful, 'tis

I can go no further here; I should be counted censorious, and perhaps unjust, if I should enter into the unpleasing work of reflecting, whatever cause there was for it, upon the unthankfulness and return of all manner of wickedness among us, which I was so much an eye-witness of myself; I shall conclude the account of this calamitous year, therefore, with a coarse but sincere stanza of my own, which I placed at the end of my ordinary memorandums, the same year they were written :

A dreadful Plague in London was
In the year sixty-five,

Which swept an hundred thousand souls
Away-yet I alive!

NOTES.

talent to seize upon any popular subject, and convert it, by his inimitable genius, into a fruitful source of amusement and instruction. From his history of the plague, notwithstanding its fictitious origin, we may derive more information than from all the other publications upon the subject put together. He has collected all the facts at

This first edition of this work is amongst the scarcest of De Foe's pieces, and when brought to market bears a high price. In the subsequent editions the title is altered. The second was published by F. and J. Noble, in 1754, and is called The History of the Great Plague in London, in the year 1665. Containing Observations, &c. To which is added, a Journal of the Plague attending the rise, progress, and termination of the Marseilles in the Year 1720. 8vo. A third edition was published by the same booksellers in 1769. It was also printed in Ballantyne's collection of De Foe's novels; and for John Offer, in Newgate street, 1819, since which period several editions have appeared, 8vo. Of the plague at Marseilles De Foe does not treat in his own work; but, being a kindred subject, an abstract of it has been appended to subsequent editions. Those, however, who wish the best information upon this subject must read the excellent work of Mons. Bertrand, of which there is an English translation by Miss Plumptre, containing, amidst other interesting matters, a record of the good deeds of Henry de Belzune, the renowned Bishop

malady, an accurate report of the number of deaths as published by authority, a faithful account of the regulations adopted to arrest and mitigate its fury, and numerous cases of infection, whether real or imaginary. But that which imparts life to the whole, and forms its distinguishing feature, is its descriptive imagery. The author's object is not so much to detail the deadly consequences of the disorder, as to delineate its effects upon the frighted minds of the inhabitants. These are depicted with all the genuine pathos of nature, without any aim at effect, but with the ease and simplicity of real life. The numerous incidents that follow in rapid succession, fraught as they are with human misery, present, at the same time, an accurate picture of life and manOf the plague in London the only authenticners in the metropolis, at the period referred to. accounts published at the time were those of Dr The style and dress, the language and ideas, are Hodges and Dr Sydenham; but they are chiefly exactly those of a citizen of London at the latter of a professional nature, and contain few histo-end of the 17th century. rical facts. A work of more general interest is that of Thomas Vincent, entitled 'God's Terrible Voice in the City,' published in 1667. The author was one of those noble-minded men who remained at their post during the calamity, administering to the relief of the sufferers. In the house where he resided three persons were cut off, yet he escaped the infection.

of Marseilles.

The recent distemper at Marseilles occasioned the revival of those pieces, and the publication of others, and no doubt suggested to De Foe the idea of his present work. It was his peculiar

Sir Walter Scott observes that, "had he not been the author of 'Robinson Crusoe,' De Foe would have deserved immortality for the genius which he has displayed in this work." It is well known to have fur

nished the machinery for a poem of great merit, published at Edinburgh in 1816, and entitled The City of the Plague.' By Professor Wilson.

Out of this subject of the plague a controversy arose, in which De Foe is supposed to have participated. In consequence of the general apprehension that the disorder would be communicated to this country from France, a variety of books were published, with a view to guard the people • Amongst the publications of the times was the follow- against its approaches, and to instruct them how to treat it, in case it should make its appearance. ing pamphlet, which De Foe perhaps might have found of some use in compiling his narrative. A Collection of very Amongst them was a treatise by Dr Hancocke, Valuable and Scarce Pieces relating to the last Plague, in a respectable clergyman, who recommended the the Year 1665; viz.-I. Orders drawn up and published trial of cold water, taken internally, which he had by the Lord Mayor and Aldermen of the City of London to prevent the spreading of the Infection. II. An Account of found effectual in cases of common fever. The the first Rise, Progress, Symptoms, and Cure of the Plague; charm consisted in its acting as a sudorific. His being the Substance of a Letter from Doctor Hodges to a work is entitled 'Febrifugum Magnum; or ComPerson of Quality. III. Necessary Directions for the Premon Water the best Cure for Fevers, and probavention and Cure of the Plague, with divers Remedies of small Charge, by the College of Physicians. IV. Reflec-bly for the Plague. By John Hancocke, D. D., tions on the Weekly Bills of Mortality, so far as they relate to all the Plagues which have happened in London, from the year 1592, to the Great Plague in 1665, and some other particular Diseases. With a Preface, showing the Usefulness of this Collection; some Errors of Dr Mead; and his Misrepresentations of Dr Hodges and some Authors. To which is added, 'An Account of the Fiague at

Naples in 1656, of which there died, in one day, 20,000 persons; with the Symptoms that appeared upon Dissec tion, and the approved Method of Cure. The Second Edition. London: printed for J. Roberts. 1721.'

pp. 88.

8vo.,

Rector of St Margaret's, Lothbury, London; Whether De Fce had any concern in these Prebendary of Canterbury; and Chaplain to his publications can be now only matter of conjecGrace the Duke of Bedford. London: printed ture. The cause of Dr Hancocke was taken up for R. Halsey, in St Michael's Churchyard, Corn- in Remarks upon Remarks: or, some Animadhill. 1722. 8vo. There were several editions of versions on a Treatise wrote by one who calls the work; the first must have appeared as early himself Dr Gardner, others say Daniel De Foe, as 1720, as in that year the French biographer, Entitled Remarks on Febrifugum Magnum, Niceron, published a French translation, which wrote by the Rev. Dr Hancocke, for the general also passed through several editions. The work Good of Mankind.' The Remarker's Dedication being popular, it was soon replied to in Re- to the President, Censors, and others of the Colmarks upon Febrifugum Magnum, wrote by the lege of Physicians considered, and of the Rest in Rev. Dr Hancocke, for the general Good of Man- as good Order as the Falsehood and confused kind. Wherein is shown the Absurdity and In- Nature of the said Pamphlet would admit, withconsistency of the Doctor's Reasonings, and the out Partiality or Respect of Persons. To which inevitable Danger consequent upon the Use of some Accounts are added, of the Use and Abuse cold Water in Fevers. London: 1722.' 8vo. of Common Water in many Distempers, not The dedication to the College of Physicians, is taken Notice of by any of them. With an Hudisubscribed James Gardner, M.D.; but common brastick Reply subjoined, by Way of Appendix, report at the time, perhaps with doubtful pro- to the sarcastical Gabriel John's Flagellum, or a priety, united in ascribing it to De Foe, who was Dry Answer to Dr Hancocke's wonderfully Cocharged with writing in masquerade, and had the mical liquid Book, &c. London: printed by S. credit of another pamphlet in the controversy, Collins, and sold by J. Isted, T. Crouch, &c." entitled Flagellum or a dry Answer to Dr 8vo. No date. The pamphlet bearing this sinHancocke's wonderfully comical liquid Book,gular title is a mere farrago of abuse and abwhich he merrily calls Febrifugum Magnum, &c. surdity. Second Edition. London: T. Warner.' 1723.

THE

MILITARY MEMOIRS

OF

CAPTAIN GEORGE CARLETON;

FROM THE DUTCH WAR, 1672, IN WHICH HE SERVED,

TO THE CONCLUSION OF THE PEACE AT UTRECHT, 1713.

ILLUSTRATING

SOME OF THE MOST

REMARKABLE TRANSACTIONS, BOTH BY

SEA AND LAND, DURING THE REIGNS OF KING CHARLES AND

KING JAMES II, HITHERTO UNOBSERVED BY ALL THE WRITERS OF THOSE TIMES; TOGETHER WITH AN EXACT SERIES OF THE WAR IN SPAIN; AND A PARTICULAR DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL PLACES OF THE AUTHOR'S RESIDENCE IN MANY CITIES, TOWNS, AND COUNTRIES; THEIR CUSTOMS, MANNERS, ETC. ALSO OBSERVATIONS ON THE GENIUS

OF THE SPANIARDS (AMONG WHOM HE CONTINUED SOME YEARS A PRISONER);

THEIR MONASTERIES AND NUNNERIES, ESPECIALLY THAT FINE ONE AT

MONTSERRAT; AND IN THEIR PUBLIC DIVERSIONS,

MORE PARTICULARLY THEIR FAMOUS
BULL FEASTS.

LONDON:

PRINTED FOR AND SOLD BY

E. SYMON, OVER AGAINST THE ROYAL EXCHANGE, CORNHILL.