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LONDON, SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 2, 1878.

CONTENTS.- N° 214.

NOTES:-The "Bore" on the River Severn, 81-Bedingfield of Oxburgh, 82-"The Heliand," an Old Saxon Poem of the Ninth Century, 83-"Sweetheart "-"Mugging together," 84-The Public-house Sign of "The Three Children in the Wood"-Captain Boyton's Predecessor-"Manse"-Owlperch, 85.

QUERIES:-Old Stories-Toy Puzzle temp. Charles I.-Life of the Duke of Schomberg -The Standerwicks of the United States-"Callis "-Courtney and Ap Jenkin, 86"O nimis Felix," &c.-Solomon Grildrig-The Windsor Sentinel and St. Paul's-Town Marks-Jetton-H. Vaughan -John, First Earl of Middleton-Drayton-J. Brindell"Hot Cocquaille "-Mysterious Lights, 87-Tirling-PinFans "The Book-Hunter "-Heraldry-Sutton MuttonAuthors Wanted, 88.

"

REPLIES:-George Washington and the Rev. Jonathan
Boucher, 89-The Dormant Scottish Peerage of Hyndford,
90-F. Bartolozzi, R. A.-Archbishop Sharp, 91-"News
-Anthony Griffinhoof, 93-" Chroniques de l'Eil de Boeuf"
-The Red Mouse-Jack of Hilton-Mrs. J. Weld-Tiger
Dunlop "Hoping against hope," 94-Modern Greek Bible
-"Fifteenths "-A Jacobite Contrivance-Snuff Spoons-
Death of Edward, Duke of York, 95-Leigh of co. Warwick
-Oldham-Chess, 96-Booksellers (Play) in St. Paul's
Churchyard-Mac Mahon Families, 97-The First Local
Newspaper-Fragaria vesca-"Chic"-K. Ralegh-Curious
Names-S. Roper and the Sewall Family, 98-Dr. Pitcairn-
"The Whole Duty of Man"-" Peuesy"-Edward Hyde,
Earl of Clarendon-Copies of Shakspeare, Fol. 1623-
Authors Wanted, 99.

Notes on Books, &c.

In Memoriam.

Every reader of "N. & Q." will, I am sure, share the profound regret with which I pen these lines, recording the death of the accomplished gentleman and warm-hearted scholar who has, for the last five years, helped them in their inquiries, ministered to their information and instruction, and tempered their discussions with a geniality and tact which must have won for him, in his character of Editor,_the_regard that was entertained by all whose good fortune it was to know him as a friend. DR. DORAN died, after a short illness, on Friday, the 25th of January, in his seventy-first year.

Receiving his early education in France and Germany, and gifted with a memory which never failed him, DR. DORAN was eminently fitted to discharge the responsible duties of an editor-duties calling for a combination of firmness in maintaining the character of the journal under his charge with a delicate regard for the susceptibilities of contributors. DR. DORAN was, I believe, under twenty when his 'prentice hand directed the Literary Chronicle; and, for the last quarter of a century, hardly a publishing season has returned without producing some valued work from his pen. During the whole of this time he was a constant contributor to various literary journals; and yet such was his industry, that all this labour did not compel him to withdraw from that society where he was always so heartily welcomed, and where his loss will be so deeply deplored.

My introduction to DR. DORAN was one of the many kindnesses for which I was indebted to his and my good friend, dear John Bruce, who, had he been spared, would have worthily. accomplished what I have so feebly attempted-rendered full justice to the high personal character and varied acquirements of the worthy and joyous-hearted man of letters who was laid to his rest in Kensal Green on Tuesday last.

Notes.

THE "BORE" ON THE RIVER SEVERN. The recent work of Prof. Huxley on Physiography is distinguished by the lucidity of explanation and the graphic power of description so characteristic of its author. It forms a valuable introduction to the physical study of the earth on which we dwell, and of the innumerable agencies always at work moulding and shaping it as we now inherit it.

In describing the effects of the tidal wave there is one passage which, probably through inadvertence, is calculated to mislead, or, if not misleading, it points out a phenomenon which has certainly not been hitherto recorded. On p. 180, remarking on

WILLIAM J. THOMS.

the rapid rush of water in a narrow strait caused by the tidal wave, he proceeds :

"If the tidal wave rolls into a narrow estuary, the water becomes heaped up and produces a sudden rush into the channel of the river. Such a wave is called a bore, and is well seen in the Bristol Channel at the mouth of the Severn, where at certain seasons the head of water attains to as great a height as forty feet." There is a little ambiguity in this statement. If it is merely meant that the rise and fall of the tide in certain parts of the Severn-about the mouth of the Wye, at Chepstow for instanceis forty feet, it is rather an understatement, fifty feet being not unusual with spring tides under favourable circumstances; but this is not what is called the bore. This term is limited to the effect produced when, in the words of the professor," the

water becomes heaped up and produces a sudden rush in the channel," that is to say, the advancing torrent presents a perpendicular front, impelled by the weight and rush behind, too fast to allow it time to subside. The effect is very grand, but the statement that it ever reaches or could reach the height of forty feet is utterly unwarranted. Imagine for a moment a perpendicular wall of water forty feet high! We read that in the Red Sea "the waters were gathered together, the floods stood upright as a heap," but a rush such as this would be sufficient to sweep away a dozen Pharaohs and their armies at once. No ship or boat could withstand such a shock for

a moment.

The great wave which swept along the coast of Peru a few years ago, and again in 1877, and which caused such an enormous amount of destruction, was not half this height. The phenomenon is not peculiar to the Severn, being occasionally found in the Dee, the Trent, and the Solway, and on a much larger scale in the Hoogly at Calcutta, where it only rises about five feet. On the Brahmapootra the height is said to exceed twelve feet, and is so dangerous that no boat will venture to navigate when it is likely to occur. In some of the great rivers of Brazil it is said to reach the height of fifteen feet, being the greatest known.

the church of Oxburgh, and in connexion with the arms of Bedingfield."

Apart from Mr. Scott's statement, few would credit that a writer of Blomefield's eminence could possibly so commit himself. On reference to his work I find that in the account of Oxburgh (vol. vi. p. 186) he speaks of "Margaret Bedingfeld, relict of Sir Edmund, Knight of the Bath," that is, of Sir Edmund Bedingfield. There also Mr. Blomefield mentions three shields carved on the roof, which exhibited the arms of Bedingfield (i.e. Bedingfield quartering Tudenham) impaling Scot of Scot's Hall, Kent. Possibly these are the passages Mr. Scott cites, and on an apparent misapprehension of which he proceeds as follows: "This confusion of names of Tudenham and Bedingfield in the person of this Sir Edmund probably arises from the fact[] that he was equally known by one or the other surname," &c. (note to p. 151). Mr. Scott, to make good this statement, should show from documentary sources that any of the Bedingfields were ever styled "Tudenham." At least, he has no warranty in Blomefield for the double name. That historian has carefully set out all the particulars relating to the Bedingfield pedigree in the account of Oxburgh (vol. vi.), and, since Mr. Scott quotes the work as his authority, I cannot understand how it can be so misconstrued; more especially when Blomefield says in his account that he has most particularly set down the evidence of certain wills and other records upon which the pedigree is founded, in order that there might be no mistakes, as mistakes had been made with respect to the subject. At p. 150 of his book Mr. Scott has this: "Sir Edmund Bedingfield, or Tudenham, for he appears to have been known by both these names, the latter probably in the first instance as heir of his mother (sister and heir of Sir Thomas Tudenham, beheaded in 1461)," &c. Now Margaret Bedingfield, née Tudenham, was not mother to Sir Edmund Bedingfield, but grandmother, he being son and heir of Thomas Bedingfield, Esq., son and heir of Edmund Bedingfield, Esq., by his wife the said Margaret Tudenham. Again, in the note to p. 151 Mr. Scott observes: "There can be little question, therefore, that the heir general [i.e. of Lord Wenlock] married to a kinsman of Archbishop Rotherham was no other than the prelate's sister Margaret, married to Sir Edmund Tudenham or Bedingfield," &c. The truth, however, with respect to this passage is that in the first place the heir general of Lord Wenlock In a note to p. 151 of Mr. Scott's Memorials of the Scott Family of co. Kent occurs the follow-it is on record that the archbishop had a sister was a male (one Thomas Lawley, Esq.); secondly, ing :

Camden describes the bore on the Severn thus : "There is in it a daily rage and boisterousness in its waters, which I know not whether I may call a gulph or whirlpool, casting up the sands from the bottom, and rowling them into heaps. It floweth with a great torrent, but loses its force at the first bridge....... That vessel is in great danger that is stricken on the side. The watermen us'd to it, when they see this Hygre (or Egre) coming, do turn the vessel, and, cutting through the midst of it, avoid its violence."-Gibson's Camden, edit. 1695, p. 231.

Some time ago there was a very graphic account of this bore in the Severn inserted in the Times. The perpendicular height was there fixed at six

feet.

There must be many readers of "N. & Q." in the immediate neighbourhood of the banks of the Severn. It would be interesting to ascertain what their experiences of this phenomenon amount to, and to what extent Prof. Huxley's statement can be verified. J. A. PICTON.

Sandyknowe, Wavertree.

BEDINGFIELD OF OXBURGH.

"Blomfield, in his History of Norfolk, vol. iii. p. 488, asserts that Margaret Scott was widow of Sir Edmund Tudenham, K.G., and that her arms (Three catherine wheels, &c.') were impaled with those of Tudenham ('Lozengée argent and gules ') in the chancel window of

certainly, but most assuredly she could not have been Margaret Scott. In the same note Mr. Scott goes on to say :

Looking therefore to the facts[!] of the case, whilst not unmindful of its difficulties [there are no difficulties],

we come to the conclusion that Margaret Bedingfield
(née Scott) conveyed by marriage the manor of Oxburgh
to her husband, as heir-at-law of Lord Wenlock, or
Archbishop Rotherham her brother."

It seems almost unnecessary to repeat that
Margaret Bedingfield, née Scott, was not the heir
of Lord Wenlock, or sister or related to Arch-
bishop Rotherham, and that prelate in nowise
related or heir to Lord Wenlock. Mr. Scott,
before penning the above, might have elicited from
the Inquisitions post mortem in the Public Record
Office the information that Margaret Bedingfield,
née Tudenham, relict of Edmund Bedingfield, Esq.,
died seised of the manor of Oxburgh, she having
inherited it as sister and heir of Sir Thomas
Tudenham, who had likewise died seised of the
same.
* From which it is clear that Margaret
Bedingfield, née Scott, second wife of Sir Edmund
Bedingfield, cannot by any possibility have been
associated with the acquisition of the manor of
Oxburgh by the Bedingfields.

JAMES GREENSTREET.

"THE HELIAND," AN OLD SAXON POEM OF THE NINTH CENTURY.

(Bibliographical Notice.)

I. Manuscripts.-(a) The Cottonian, Caligula. A. vii., parchment 8vo., first mentioned in Hickes, Institutiones grammaticæ Anglo-Saxonicæ et

Mesogothica, Oxon., 1689; described by H. Wanley in Hickes' Thesaurus, iii. 225, and in Schmeller's Heliand, vol. ii. p. vii: fac-simile in Schmeller, specimens in Hickes' Thesaurus.-The MS. was copied in September, 1768, by C. Frid. Temler for Nyerup, Symbola ad literaturam teutonicam antiquiorem, Havn., 1787, No. V., pp. 130-146; also Introd., pp. xix-xxiii.-Copy in the Bodleian, by Francis Junius; another in the Royal Library at Copenhagen, by Friedr. Rostgaard.

(b) Monacensis-in the Royal Library of and Eve his wife being the plaintiffs, and Robert de Westone and Hawisia his wife the deforciants.

Robert Tudenham Eve.
died seised of it.

[Robert Tuden-
ham, ob. s.p.]
See below.

late

Margaret, wife of Edmund Bedyngfelde, Esq. the descent of the

* Chancery Inquisitions post mortem, A° 15 Edw. IV., Thomas Tudenham, No. 38. This comprises several inquisitions taken in Kt. [br. and h.], seisdifferent counties after the death of Margaret Bedynged of it, but ob. s.p. felde, widow. In one of them, taken at Norwich, April 25, A° 16 Edw. IV., the jurors say that she was Secondly, by an account, as under, of seised, inter alia, of the manor of Oxburgh; that said manors of Brandeston and Westerfelde, in said county, Margaret died Jan. 25, A° 15 Edw. IV.; and that which were settled in tail upon Robert Weylond and his Edmund Bedyngfelde, son and heir of Thomas Bedyng-wife Cecilia, née Baldok', by a fine levied in Hilary felde, Esq., son of aforesaid Margaret, is cousin (or, as term, A° 19 Edw. II., between Master Robert de Baldok, we should say, grandson) and heir of the said Margaret, junior, plaintiff, and the underneath William Weylond, and aged twenty-one years and more. Chivaler, deforciant.

Ibid., A° 33 Hen. VI., No. 7, taken at Weybrede, co. Suffolk, Nov. 8, A° 33 Hen. VI., after the death of Thomas Bedyngfelde, Esq. The jurors say that he was seised in fee of a tenement called Skottes, in the vill of Westylton, worth per annum 3s. 4d., and that he held no other lands or tenements in this county; also that he died Oct. 12, Ao 32 Hen. VI., and that Edmund Bedyngfelde is son and heir, and aged five years and

more.

William Weylond,=
Chivaler.

Thomas de Baldok':

Robert Weylond, s. and h. Cecilia.

Margaret, d. and h. John Tudenham, Kt.
i

Robert Tudenham, s. and h. of Margaret=

[Robert Tudenham, ob.
s.p.] See below.

Ibid., A° 5 Edw. IV., No. 34. Two inquisitions taken after the death of Thomas Tudenham, Knt. In one, taken in co. Norfolk, the jurors say that he was seised, inter alia, of the manor of Oxburgh; that said Thomas died Feb. 23, A° 1 Edw. IV.; and that Margaret (elsewhere in the inquisition she is described as Margaret, late wife of Edmund Bedyngfelde, Esq.), daughter of the aforesaid Robert Tudenham, sister of the aforesaid Thomas, is next heir of the same Thomas, and aged sixty years and more. The other inquisition, taken in co. Suffolk, sets out the Tudenham pedigree in the following manner: first, as below, by an account of the descent of the manor of Ereswell' in said county, which was settled in tail by a fine levied in Michaelmas term, A° 54 Hen. III., the underneath Robert Tudenham | 1422).

Thomas Tudenham, Kt., "son and heir" (really brother and heir to Robert), ob. s.p.

Ibid., A° 1 Hen. VI., No. 77. Proof of the age of Thomas Tudenham, brother and heir of Robert Tudenham, son of Robert Tudenham, defunct. Taken at Berton, in co. Suffolk, on the Tuesday after the feast of the Epiphany, A° 1 Hen. VI. The jurors say that he was born at Ereswell' and baptized in the church there, and that he was twenty-one years old on the feast of SS. Gordianus and Ephimachus last past (i.e. May 10,