Speak to me, For I have called on thee in the still night, And woke the mountain wolves, and made the caves Id. Manfred. Do but behold yon poor and starved band, Thy food shall be The fresh brook muscles, withered roots, and husks as the lawful head of the church. This occasioned a violent altercation between the arch bishop of Prague and our reformer, which the latter daily augmented by his exclamations against the court of Rome, and the corruptions that prevailed among the sacerdotal order. Several other circumstances contributed to inflame the resentment of the clergy against him. He adopted the philosophical opinions of the Realists, and strongly opposed, and persecuted, as some say, the Nominalists, whose number and influence were considerable in the university of Prague. He also multiplied the number of his enemies in 1408, by procuring a sentence in favor of the Bohemians, who disputed with the Germans concerning the number of suffrages which their respective nations were entitled to, in all matters decided by election, in this university. In cousequence of a decree obtained in favor of the former, which restored them to their constitutional right of three suffrages, usurped by the latter, the Germans withdrew from Prague, and, in 1409, founded a new academy at Leipsic. This event no sooner happened than Huss began to inveigh with greater freedom than he had before done against the vices and corruptions of the clergy, and to recommend, in a public manner, the writings and opinions of Wickliffe, as far as they related to the papal hierarchy, the despotism of the court of Rome, and the corruption of the clergy. Hence an accusation was brought against him, in 1410, before the tribunal of John XXIII., by whom he was solemnly exSome steep their seeds, and some in cauldrons pelled from the communion of the church. Not Art thou returned here to repent too late, And gather husks of learning up at last, Now the rich harvest time of life is past, And winter marches on so fast. Cowley. Yea, some have lived on huskes, whilst others fed G. Withers. Fruits of all kinds, in coat boil ; Milton. O'er gentle fires the exuberant juice to drain, HUSS (John), an eminent reformer and martyr, born at Huss, in Bohemia. He lived at Prague, where he was distinguished by his uncommon erudition and eloquence, and performed the functions of professor of divinity in the university, and pastor in the church of that city. He adopted the sentiments of Wickliffe, and the Waldenses; and in 1407 began openly to oppose and preach against divers errors in doctrine, as well as corruptions in point of discipline, then reigning in the church. He also endeavoured to withdraw the university of Prague from the jurisdiction of Gregory XII. whom the kingdom of Bohemia had hitherto acknowledged withstanding this sentence of excommunication, he proceeded to expose the Romish church with a fortitude and zeal that were almost universally applauded. He was now, therefore, summoned to appear before the council of Constance. Secured, as he apprehended, from the rage of his enemies, by the safe conduct granted him by the emperor Sigismund for his journey to Constance, his residence in that place, and his return to his own country, he obeyed the order of the council, and appeared before it to demonstrate his innoBut, by the most scandalous breach of public faith, he was cast into prison, declared a heretic, and burnt alive in 1415; a punishment which he endured with unparalleled magnanimity and resolution. The same uuhappy fate attended Jerome of Prague, his intimate companion, who attended the council to support his persecuted friend. See JEROME. John Huss's writings, which were numerous and learned, were burnt along with him; but copies of most, if not all of them, were preserved, and published after the invention of printing. cence. HUSSITES, in ecclesiastical history, a party of reformers, the followers of John Huss. They adhered to their master's doctrine after his death with a zeal which broke out into an open war, that was carried on with the most savage and unparalleled barbarity. John Ziska, a Bohemian knight, in 1420, put himself at the head of the Hussites, who were now become a very considerable party, and threw off the despotic yoke of Sigismund, who had treated their brethren most barbarous manner. Ziska was succeeded by Procopius, in the year 1424. The acts of the for the third the amount of which, however, A subsequent statute, 57 Geo. III. c. 97, in- By the statute 7 and 8 Geo. IV., c. 29, per- The 2d of Geo. III., c. 19, provides against Black game, or heath-fowl, is protected under ABDUCTION, Page 547. ACCESSORY in crimes, 553. of game are also protected by various penalties. Evidence, and recovering penalties.- Wit- Penalties exceeding £20 are to be recovered 6. Of the seisure of guns, dogs, and nets.—If If a person hunt upon the ground of another, INDE X. ACTION at law, 550, 551. In Scotland, 589. ALIENATING real property, 544. CIVIL Code, 537. Or Roman law, 533. COMMON Law, foundation of, 531. Courts af, 551. CONSTABLES, 539. CONTRACT, title by, 546. CONVENTIONAL or municipal law, 525. COPYHOLDS, 542. CORPORATIONS, 539. CORONERS, ib. COURTS in general, 550. Ecclesiastical, ib. Mili CRIMES against the public, 553. Nature of, ib. CRIMINAL Code, 553. CRIMINAL CONVERSATION, 547. CROWN, injuries proceeding from, or affecting the, 547, CURTESY, tenant by the, 542. CUSTOMS, general, 532. Particular, 533. Title by, 2 R The Binder is requested to substitute these four pages for those previously inserted of the same folios in Part 24. INTERPRETATION of statutes, 530. JOINT-TENANCY, 543. MARRIAGE, title by, 546. In Scotland, 565. MILITARY Courts, 551. MINORS in Scotland, 567. MISPRISIONS, 544. MORAL or natural law, 522. MOVEABLE rights, in Scotland, 571, 579. NATIONS, law of, 524. Offences against, 553. OCCUPANCY, title to personal property by, 546. ORIGIN of the laws of England, 531 OUSTER, 548. PARENT and child, 540. Injuries to, 547. PECULIAR customary laws, 533. PEOPLE, of the, and their allegiance, 539. POOR, 539. In Scotland, 569. PRÆMUNIRE, 554. PREROGATIVE, title by, 546. PREVENTION of crimes, 556. PROCEDURE, mode of, for civil injuries, 550. For crimes, 558. In Scotland, 589. PROPERTY, origin of, 519. Injuries relating to, 548. Rights relating to, QUALIFICATION for killing game, 607. 540. Property, 548. REAL property, 540. Title to, 543. Transferring, 544, 545. Injuries to, 548. RECORD, transfer of property by, 545. IRELAND, laws of, before the Union, 600. Since the RELIGION, offences against, 553. Union, 601. ISSUE in pleadings, 551. JUDGES in Scotland, 561-563. JUDGMENT, title by, 546. In an action, 552. JURY, 552. JUSTICES of the peace, 539. In Scotland, 563. REMAINDERS in estates, 543. REMEDIES for injuries, 550. By the act of the RENT, 541. REVEALED law, 524.. REVERSIONARY estates, 542. RIGHTS, absolute, of individuals, 540. Relating to property, ib. By marriage in Scotland, 565. Moveable in Scotland, 570. Transmission of, 575. SCOTLAND, civil laws of, 560. Criminal, 593. SPECIAL custom, transfer of property by, 545. STATUTE law, public and private, 534. Interpreta- SUBTRACTION of rents and services, 549. TERMS in estates, limited, conditional, reversionary, TUTORS in Scotland, 567. &c., 542. TESTAMENTS, 546. TIENDS, in Scotland, 578. TITHES 541, 550. TITLE to real property, 543. Heritable property in Scotland, 585. TRANSFERRING real property, 544. WADSETS, 576. WARD, guardian and, 540. WASTE, 549. WIFE and husband, 540.. WILL, 546. What awe did the slow solemn knell inspire; The duties by the laun robed prelate payed, And the last words, that dust to dust conveyed? Tickel. From high life high characters are drawn, A saint in crape is twice a saint in lawn. Pope. LAWN, n. s. Fr. lande; Ital. Span. and barb. Lat. landa; Teut. Sax. and Belg. land. An open, smooth ground: an open space of ground between woods. Betwixt them lawns, or level downs and flocks Grazing the tender herb, were interposed. Milton. His mountains were shaded with young trees, that gradually shot up into groves, woods, and forests, intermixed with walks, and lawns, and gardens. A LAWN is a spacious plain in a park, or adjoining to a noble seat. The dimensions of a lawn, in a large park, should be as extensive as the ground will permit; and never less than fifty acres; but, in gardens of a moderate extent, a lawn of ten acres is sufficient: and, in those of the largest size, fifteen acres. The best situation for a lawn is in the front of the house: and here, if the house front the east, it will be extremely convenient; but the most desirable aspect for a lawn is that of the south-east. Some recommend an exact square, others an oblong square, some an oval, and others a circular figure. The most proper trees are the elm, oak, chestnut, and beech; and some clumps of ever-greens intermixed will add to the beauty of the whole, especially in winter; the best sorts are lord Weymouth's pine, and the silver and spruce firs. LAWRENCE (French), LL.D., a learned modern civilian, was born at Bristol, where he received his early education, and whence he removed to Winchester and to Corpus Christi College, Oxford. In 1781 he graduated M. A., and in 1787 LL.D. In 1797 he was appointed regius professor of civil law at Oxford, and, through the friendship of Mr. Burke and earl Fitzwilliam, became a member of the legislature. He was one of the executors of Mr. Burke, and a joint editor of his works. He comtributed to the probationary odes for the laureatship, and wrote Remarks on the Apocalypse. He was also a writer in the Annual Register. A volume of letters between him and Mr. Burke has recently appeared. He died in 1807 of a decline. LAWSONIA, Egyptian privet, a genus of the monogynia order and octandria class of plants: CAL. quadrifid; petals four; the stamina four, in pairs: CAPS. quadrilocular and polyspermous. There are four species: 1. L. inermis, and 2. L. spinosa, are both natives of India. The first is the plant termed by the Arabians alhenna. See ALHEN. LAX, adj. & n. s. Fr. lache; Latin larus. Loose; disunited; not closely or strongly combined; slack: hence vague; not legally or morally rigid: as a substantive diarrhoea; looseness of body: laxative is having the power or tendency to remove that habit; a purgative laxativeness, power of removing costiveness: laxity and laxness, state of being uncompressed; incoherent; not costive; not pre cise. For the free passage of the sound into the ear, it is requisite that the tympanum be tense, and hard stretched; otherwise the larness of that membrane will certainly dead and damp the sound. Holder. By a branch of the auditory nerve that goes between the ear and the palate, they can hear themselves, though their outward ear be stopt by the lax membrane to all sounds that come that way. Id. Elements of Speech. Nought profits him to save abandoned life, Nor vomits upward aid, nor downward laxative. Dryden. which consist of gravel, and the like larer matter, which more easily give way. Woodward. This membrane separates an oily liquor called fat; when the fibres are lax, and the aliment to redundant, great part of it is converted into this oily liquor. The oil in wax is emollient, laxative, and anodyne. Arbuthnot on Aliments. Id. The former causes could never beget whirlpools in a chaos of so great a laxity and thinness. Bentley. Dialogues were only lax and moral discourses. Baker. The laxity and indulgence of modern manners are, perhaps, still more inimical to the best interests of the rising generation. Mavor. LAXAS, a town of New Granada, South America. It was formerly rich, owing to its mines; but its population is now greatly reduced. LAY, preterite of lie. See LIE. LAY, v.a. & n. s. Į Sax. lecgan, legan; Teut. LAY'ER, n. s. legan; Swed. laga; Goth. læga; Dan. legge. To place; deposit; apply; put down; prostrate; dispose: hence to quiet; calm; allay (mentally); dispose of; put into any supposed state or condition; to scheme or contrive; charge or allege; impose; enjoin; exhibit. It is combined with a great number of prepositions and adverbs: but some one of the above original senses seems always to be retained: to lay eggs is to deposit them: a lay is synonymous with a layer, row, or stratum: it also signifies a wager. Genesis. She went away, and laid by her veil. Thou shalt not be to him as an usurer, neither shalt thou lay upon him usury. Exod. xx. 25. Queen Esther laid away her glorious apparel, and put on the garments of anguish. Esther xiv. 2. The sword of him that layeth at him cannot hold. Job. Wo unto him that saith to the wood, Awake; to the dumb stone, Arise, it shall teach: behold, it is laid over with gold and silver, and there is no breath at all in the midst of it. Hab. ii. 19. David fell on sleep, and was laid unto his fathers, and saw corruption. Acts xiii. 36. Money laid up for the relief of widows and father less children. 2 Mac. iii. 10. Seek not to be judge, being not able to take away iniquity, lest at any time thou fear the person of the mighty, and lay a stumbling-block in the way of thy uprightness. Ecclus. Let children be hired to lay to their bones, From fallow, as needeth, to gather up stones. Tusser. Spenser. Id. Id. And as she lay upoon the durtie ground, Her huge long taile her den all overspread. Spenser. Faerie Queene. Fiercely the good man did at him lay, The blade oft groaned under the blow. Before, behind, and round about him lays. St. Paul did will them of the church of Corinth, every man to lay up somewhat by him upon the Sun day. Hooker. He embarked, being hardly laid for at sea by Cortug-ogli, a famous pirate. Knolles. I'll use the advantage of my power, And lay the summer's dust with showers of blood. Shakspeare. Then he offered it to him again; then he put it by again; but, to my thinking, he was very loth to lay his fingers off it. Id. Julius Cæsar. A vessel and provisions laid in large For man and beast. Let us be glad of this, and all our fears Lay on his providence. Id. Paradise Regained. It is esteemed an even lay, whether any man lives ten years longer: I suppose it is the same, that one of any ten might die within one year. Grauat. And laid about in fight more busily, Than the Amazonian dame Penthesile. Hudibras. When we began, in courteous manner, to lay his unkindness unto him, he, seeing himself confronted |