metic arts, 30, 31. natural differs from
musical, how, 31. imitated by painting,
how, 29. more motions in music than in
poetry, 33.

Music, art of, its media of imitation, 33.
its subjects, 30. imitates joy and grief,
how, 31. its imitation far inferior to that
of painting, why, ibid. its efficacy de-
rived elsewhere, 39. by help of natural
media, imitates nearly as well as poetry,
though inferior, 33, 35. an ally to poetry,
how, 39. raises affections, rather than
ideas, 40. its force in consequence of
this, 40, 41. objections to singing of
dramas, solved, 41.

Musical discords, different to different
hearers, whence, 97.

Nations, comparative estimate of, how to
be formed, 27, n.

Nature, divine, human, brutal, vegetable,
3. defined, 6, n. 12, n. her treatment

of man, 43 and n. how distinguished

from, and opposed to reason, 64, 65.
governed by one efficient cause, 65. when
and why she deviates, 65, n.
the pri-
maries of nature, тà πрŵτа тîs Quoews,
what, 70, n.

Natural philosophy, its order in the rank
of sciences, 26, n.

Necessary, and impossible, 12, n.
Necessity, natural, how distinguished from
natural desire, 5, n. 13, n.
Nicias, the painter, his judicious remarks
on the subjects of his art, 30, n.

Object of universal pursuit, what, 108 and n.
objects of perception, to be valued, not
by their number, but their worth, 97, n.

Painting, art of, its media of imitation, 28.
its subjects, 29. imitates sounds, motions,
passions, affections, characters, how, ibid.
38. its best subjects, how circumstanced,
30, 34. confined to an instant, as to time,
30. not so as to space, ibid.
Particulars, their characters, 98 and n.
Paul, quoted, 72, n.

Perceptions, sensitive differ from intellec-
tual, how, 66, n.

Perfection, where, and how it exists, 92-
95. See Standard.

Peripatetics, unite self and social, 106, n.
Persius, 99, n.

See

Perspicuity, essential to arts, 30, n.
Philoponus, 19, n. 65, n. 25, n.
Joannes Grammaticus.
Philosophers, the concurring sentiments of
various sects of, concerning happiness
and moral ends, illustrated from the Py-
thagoreans, 84, n. the Socratics, 85, n.
the Peripatetics, ibid. the Epicureans,
ibid. Thomas Hobbs, 86, n. the Stoics,
passim.

Philosophy, its progress, and end or aim,
according to the Peripatetics, 11, n. ac-
cording to the Platonics, 97, 98, n. phi-
losophy ancient, different in its method
from modern, how, 98, n. its threefold
division according to the ancients, 108, n.
the first philosophy, what, and why so
called, 26, n.

Physics, when useful, when not, 108. prior
to metaphysics, why, 26, n.
Physical events, their different effect on
weak, and on generous minds, 26, n.
Piety, connected with virtue, 106, 107.
their different employs, 107, n.
Plato, his idea of God not philosophizing,
and why, 6, n. of the invention of arts,
14, n. of the sovereign good, 45, n. his
argument for society, 60, n. 63, n. quoted
8, n. 16, n. 64, n. 68, n. 75, n. 79, 80.
90, n. 100, n. 106, n. 108, n. makes
God the standard, 95, n. his philoso
phical synthesis, 98, n. his progress of
love, 100, n.

Plutarch, describes law universal, 73, n.
quoted, 46, n. 57, n. 73, n. 74, n. 87, n.
88, n. 92, n. 93, n. 101, n. 108, n.
Poetry, art of, its media of imitation, 28.
media partly natural, partly artificial,
ibid. 32. its force by help of natural
media, 32. in this view, limited, 33. and
inferior to painting, ibid. 35. but nearly
equal to music, 33. poetry, its force by
help of an artificial medium, language,
34. inferior to painting, where the sub-
ject is most perfectly adapted to painting,
ibid. the reason, ibid. n. superior to
music, 35. poetry, the objects most per-
fectly adapted to it, described, 36-38.
its force in these last subjects, 38. com-
pared to painting, ibid. to music, 39.
greatly superior to both, and why, ibid.
associates with music, how, ibid. derives
power merely from its numbers, ibid.
Porphyry, 98, n.

Portents, and monsters, what and whence,
65, n.

Power, 7. natural, prior to energy, 5, n.

how different from habit, or custom, ibid.
Practice and theory, 45.

Preconceptions, wрoλnyeis, 45, 46 and n.
defined, 46, n.

Proclus, manuscript of, quotations from,
46, 47, n. 94, n. 97, n.
Proficiency, 95 and n.

Prudence, natural, and our interest, 67.

Quintilian, his account of ματαιοτεχνία, οι
inane and false art, 8, n. of energies and
works, 19, n. of speech, 61, n. of the
event, in rhetoric, 75, n. of the force of
music, 40, n. of the perfect orator, 93, n.
95, n.

Raphael Urbin, 30, n. 34, n.

Reason, natural to man, 63. different from

instinct, how, 62, 63. rational implies
social, 66, n. reason and law, the same,
ibid. its character, 98, 99 and n. uni-
versal, see God.

Reason, degraded, how, 99 and n.
Rectitude of endeavours, or conduct, 72, 73
and n. proposed as the sovereign good,
72, 73. examined by our preconceptions
of good, 77, 78. explained, 73, n.
Religion, connected with morals, 96, 107.
See Piety.

Reserve, philosophical, what, 102 and n.

Salvator Rosa, 30, n.
Sanctius, 61, n.

Scaliger, 14 n. 18, n. 19, n.

Science, its objects, what, 94, n. 97, n.
Self, 47, n. See Interest, Happiness, Virtue.
Self-denial, discussed, 104.

Seneca, his account of the causes, 23, n.
quoted, 76, n. 84, n. his notion of the
perfect man, 94, 95, n. of futurity, 100, n.
of philosophic reserve, 102, n. translates
Cleanthes, ibid.

Sense, objects of, their character, 94, n.
97, 98, n. common, what, 46, n.
Sentiments, their description and end, 36, n.
Sextus Empiricus, 93, n.

81, n. 82, n. 83, n. 84, n. 87, n.
Stoic philosophy, its idea of the sovereign
good, 45-52. objects to the Peripatetic
idea, and why, 68, n. its notion of law
universal, 72, 73, n. holds its idea of
good most consonant to our preconcep-
tions, 74, n. resembles the Christian reli-
gion, 44, 80 and n. takes not away the
difference in things, but establishes it,
86 and n. suppresses no natural affections,
ibid. its apathy, what, 86-88, n. what
not, 87, n. its idea of the perfect moral
character, 88, n. its attachment to the
social scheme, ibid. Stoic system, what
it is not, 87, 88. what it is, 89, 90. did
not reject externals, 89, n. its perfect
man, 93, n. 95, n. made real self and
social the same, 105, n.

Substances, their species, 26, n. 97, 98.

Temperance, natural, why, 67.
Terence, places good not in externals, but
in their proper use, 75, n.
Themistius, 12, n. 13, n. holds the same
science of contraries, 68, n. gives the
Stoic account of the passions, 87, n. cha-
racterizes the most excellent mind by its
objects, how, 97, n.

Theory, compared to practice, 45, 103.

100, n.

Shakspeare, 44.

Simplicius explains the Stoic definition of
moral duty, 69, n.

Social affections, natural, 60, 87, 88, n.
social principle implied in rational, 66, n.
contributes to happiness, 78.
Society, natural to man, 61, 88, n. pro-
gress of a rising one, from its commence-
ment to its completion, 25, 26, n. neces-
sary to the production of science, why,
26, 27, n.
Socrates, his notion of happiness, 79, 80,
74, n. his proficiency, 95 and n.
Soul of man, has various faculties, 104.
Sounds, imitated by painting, how, 29.
musical, different from natural, how, 31.
inferior to those of poetry, in the view
of imitation, why, 33.
Speech, its powers natural, 61. our social
nature proved from it, 61, n. its origin,
27. See Hermes.

Spenser, 53.

Sportsmen resemble philosophers, how, 78.
Standard, when found among the many,
when among the few, 64 and n. natural
state, a standard for what, 93 and n. of
perfection, natural and moral, 93. found
in no one individual, ibid. and n. general
reasoning on the idea of standard, 95, n.
God, the moral standard, ibid. reason, a
standard, 98.

Stobæus, his account of the virtues, 68, n.

makes virtue agreeable to nature, ibid.
defines a moral duty, ibid. quoted, 17, n.

adjusted by the peculiar nature of each
species, 57. division of them with respect
to beings sensitive, 56. philosophy takes
not away their distinction, 86 and n.
Tragedy, end of, explained, 37, n.

Valerius Maximus, 2, n.

Varro, his notion of genius, 91, n.
Verse, English heroic, 39.
Vice, as much self-denial in, as in virtue,
104.

Virgil, his account of the cause which gave
birth to arts, 17, n. quoted, 32, 44, 70,
95, 97.
Virtue, cardinal virtues, 68 and n. virtue
connected with religion, 96. inseparable
from self, 47, n. 105, 106 and n.
Universe, one city or commonwealth, 96,
97, 100, 101, 102. how we rise to its
idea, 96. the mansion of Jove, where all
is fair and good, 97, n.

Well-being, compared to mere-being, 27.
Whole, man, a part of, 100 and n.
Wise men, the seven, their character and
employ, 26, n.

Xenocrates, his notion of happiness, 85, n.
of daíuwv, or genius, ibid. and 91, n.
Xenophon, 92, n.

Zeno, his account of the end of man, 81, n.

84, n. of a passion, or perturbation,
Tábos, 87, n. makes the passions to be
erroneous jugdments, ibid.

ADJECTIVE, how it differs from other at-
tributives, such as the verb and the parti-
ciple, 171. verbal, ibid. pronominal, 172.
strictly speaking can have no genders,
ibid.

Adverbs, their character and use, 173. ad-
verbs of intension and remission, 174.
of comparison, 174, 175. of time, and
place, and motion, 176, 177. made out of
prepositions, 177. adverbs of interroga-
tion, ibid. affinity between these last,
and the pronoun relative, ibid. adverbs
derived from every part of speech, 178.
found in every predicament, ibid. called
by the Stoics, πavdéktηs, ibid.
Eschines, 239.

Alexander Aphrodisiensis, 202, 206. his
account of fancy, or imagination, 219.
Alexander and Thais, 137. his influence
upon the Greek genius, 239.
Amafanius, 238.

Ammonius, his account of speech, and its
relations, 118. of the progress of human
knowledge from complex to simple, 120.
of the soul's two principal powers, 122.
of the species of sentences, ibid. his no-
tion of God, 133. quoted, 134. his notion
of a verb, 142, 173. his notion of time,
145. illustrates from Homer the species
of modes or sentences, 159. quoted, 162.
his notion of conjunctive particles, and
of the unity which they produce, 187.
quoted, 197. his account of sound, voice,
articulations, &c. 209, 211. of the dis-
tinction between a symbol and a resem-
blance, 212. what he thought the human
body with respect to the soul, 213. his
triple order of ideas or forms, 228.
Analysis and synthesis, 117, 118, 222.
analysis of cases, 196, 197, 199.
Anaxagoras, 195.
Anthologia Gr. 131.

Antoninus, 170, 206, 235, 236, 239.
Apollonius, the grammarian, explains the
species of words by the species of let-
ters, 125. his elegant name for the noun
and verb, 126. quoted, 135. his idea
of a pronoun, ibid. and 136. quoted, 137.
explains the distinction and relation be-
tween the article and the pronoun, 138.
his two species of des, or indication,
139. holds a wide difference between the
prepositive and subjunctive articles, ibid.
explains the nature of the subjunctive
article, 140. corrects Homer from the
doctrine of enclitics, 141. his notion of
that tense called the præteritum per-
fectum, 155. holds the soul's disposition
peculiarly explained by verbs, 158. his
notion of the indicative mood, 161. of

the future, implied in all imperatives,
162. explains the power of those past
tenses, found in the Greek imperatives,
ibid. his idea of the infinitive, 165. his
name for it, ibid. quoted, 166, 168. his
notion of middle verbs, ibid. quoted, 169.
170, 174. explains the power and effect
of the Greek article, 180, 181. holds it
essential to the pronoun not to coalesce
with it, 182, 183. shews the different
force of the article when differently
placed in the same sentence 184. quoted,
186, 187. his idea of the preposition,
192.

Apuleius, short account of him, 238.
Aquinas, Thomas, quoted, 381.
Argument a priori and a posteriori, 119.
which of the two more natural to man,
ibid.

Aristophanes, 240.

Aristotle, his notion of truth, 117. quoted,
119. his notion of the difference between
things absolutely prior and relatively
prior, ibid. quoted, 121. his definition
of a sentence, 122. of a word, 123. of
substance, 125. divides things into sub-
stance and accident, ibid. how many
parts of speech he admitted, and why,
126, 127. his notion of genders, 129.
his account of the metaphorical use of
sex, 131. quoted, 133, 142. his defini-
tion of a verb, 144. his notion of a now,
or instant, 146. sensation limited to it,
146, 147. of time, 147, 148. of time's
dependence on the soul, 149. quoted,
151, 173. his notion of substance, 176.
calls Euripides & TоNTÈS, 181. himself
called the Stagirite, why, 182. a dis-
tinction of his, ibid. his definition of a
conjunction, 186. a passage in his rhe-
toric explained, 187. his account of re-
latives, 200. his notion of the divine
nature, 204. whom he thought it was
probable the gods should love, ibid. his
notion of intellect and intelligible objects,
ibid. held words founded in compact, 207.
quoted, 206, 209. his account of the
elements, or letters, 210. his high notion
of principles, ibid. quoted, 219, 226,
379. his notion of the difference between
moveable and immoveable existence, 221.
between intellectual or divine pleasure,
and that which is subordinate, ibid.
quoted, ibid. his notion of the divine life
or existence compared with that of man,
ibid. of the difference between the Greeks
and the Barbarians, 236. his character,
as a writer, compared with Plato and
Xenophon, 240. corresponds with Alex-
ander, 239.

Arithmetic, founded upon what principles,
218. (See Geometry.) its subject, what,
222. owes its being to the mind, how,

ibid.

Art, what, and artist, who, 149, 218.
Articles, 126. their near alliance with pro-
nouns, 138. of two kinds, 179. the first
kind, 179-184. the second kind, 184,
185. English articles, their difference and
use, 179. Greek article, 180. articles
denote pre-acquaintance, ibid. thence
eminence and notoriety, 181, 182. with
what words they associate, with what
not, 182, 183. Greek article marks the
subject in propositions, 184. articles, in-
stances of their effect, ibid. articles pro-
nominal, 137, 138, 184. instances of
their effect, 185, 217. subjunctive article,
see Pronoun relative or subjunctive.
Articulation. See Voice.
Asconius, 155.

Attributives, 125, 126. defined, 141. of the
first order, 141-172. of the second
order, 173-178. See Verb, Participle,
Adjective, Adverb.

Aulus Gellius, short account of him as a
writer, 238.

Bacon, his notion of universal grammar,
117. of ancient languages and geniuses,
compared to modern, 200. of mental
separation or division, 205. of symbols,
to convey our thoughts, 213. of the
analogy between the geniuses of nations
and their languages, 236.

Being, or existence, mutable, immutable,
142, 224. temporary, superior to time,
143. See Truth, God.
Belisarius, 161.

Blemmides, Nicephorus, his notion of time
present, 151. his etymology of 'Eπ-
Thun, 223. his triple order of forms or
ideas, 231.

Body, instrument of the mind, 205. chief
object of modern philosophy, ibid. con-
founded with matter, 206. human, the
mind's veil, 212. body, that, or mind,
which has precedence in different sys-
tems, 232.
Boerhaave, 209.

Boethius, how many parts of speech he ad-
mitted as necessary to logic, 126. his
idea of God's existence, 143. illustrates
from Virgil the species of modes or sen-
tences, 160. quoted, 207. held language
founded in compact, ibid. refers to the
Deity's unalterable nature, 221. his no-
tion of original, intelligible ideas, 233. of
the difference between time (however
immense) and eternity, 230. short account
of his writings and character, 239.
Both, differs from two, how, 183.
Brutus, 238, 240.

Cæsar, C. Julius, his laconic epistle, 169.

226.

Charisius, Sosipater, 177, 178.

Cicero, 155, 166, 195, 196, 206, 207, 236.
compelled to allow the unfitness of the
Latin tongue for philosophy, 237. one
of the first that introduced it into the
Latin language, ibid. Ciceronian and So-
cratic periods, 239.
City, feminine, why, 131.
Clark, Dr. Sam. 154.
Comparison, degrees of, 174, 175. why
verbs admit it not, 175. why incompa-
tible with certain attributives, ibid. why
with all substantives, ibid.
Conjunction, 126. its definition, 186. its
two kinds, 187. conjunctions copulative,
ibid. continuative, ibid. suppositive, posi-
tive, 188. causal, collective, ibid. disjunc-
tive simple, 190. adversative, ibid. adver-
sative absolute, ibid. of comparison, 191.
adequate, ibid. inadequate, ibid. subdis-
junctive, ibid. some conjunctions have an
obscure signification, when taken alone,
192.

Connective, 126. its two kinds, 185, 186.
its first kind, 185-192. its second
192-196. See Conjunction, Preposi-
tion.

Consentius, his notion of the neuter gender,
129. of middle verbs, 169. of the positive
degree, 175.

Consonant, what, and why so called, 210.
Contraries, pass into each other, 155. de-

structive of each other, 190.
Conversation, what, 233.
Conversion, of attributives into substantives,
128. of substantives into attributives,
170, 172. of attributives into one
another, 171. of interrogatives into re-
latives, and vice versa, 177. of connec-
tives into attributives, ibid. 196.
Corn. Nepos, 149.

Country, feminine, why, 131.

Damascius, his notion of deity, 231.
Death, masculine, why, 132. brother to
sleep, ibid.

Declension, the name, whence, 198.

Definitive, 126, 179. See Articles.
Definitions, what, 223.

Δείξις, 135, 139.

Demosthenes, 131, 239, 240.
Derivatives more rationally formed than
primitives, why, 214.

Design, necessarily implies mind, 226.
Diogenes, the Cynic, 239.

Diogenes Laertius, 127, 159, 162, 208,
209, 210, 236.

Dionysius of Halicarnassus, 127.
Diversity, its importance to nature, 189.
heightens by degrees, and how, ibid.
Donatus, 138, 195.

Earth, feminine, why, 130.
Ecclesiasticus, 133.

Element, defined, 210. primary articula-
tions or letters so called, why, ibid. their
extensive application, 211. See Letters.
Empiric, who, 218.

Enclitics, among the pronouns, their
character, 141.

English tongue, its rule as to genders, 129.

a peculiar privilege of, 134. expresses
the power of contradistinctive and en-
clitic pronouns, 141. its poverty as to
the expression of modes and tenses, 160.
its analogy in the formation of participles,
171. neglected by illiterate writers, ibid.
force and power of its articles, 179-
184. shews the predicate of the proposi-
tion by position, as also the accusative
case of the sentence, 124, 196, 197. its
character as a language, 236.
Epictetus, 206, 237.

'ETIσThun, its etymology, 223.
Ether, masculine, why, 130.

Euclid, a difference between him and Virgil,
136. his theorems founded upon what,
215.

Euripides, 132. 206.

Existence, differs from essence, how, 202.
Experience, founded on what, 218.
Experiment, its utility, 218. conducive to
art, how, ibid. beholden to science, though
science not to that, ibid.

Form and matter, 117, 119. elementary
principles, 205. mysteriously blended in
their co-existence, ibid. and 207. form,
its original meaning, what, 206. trans-
ferred from lower things to the highest,
207. preexistent, where, ibid. described
by Cicero, 206, 207. in speech, what,
207, 211. form of forms, 206. triple
order of forms in art, 224. in nature,
225. intelligible or specific forms, their
peculiar character, 221, 222, 223, 227.
Fortune, feminine, why, 133.
Fuller, 170.

Gaza, Theodore, his definition of a word,

123. explains the persons in pronouns,
136. hardly admits the subjunctive for

an article, 139. his account of the tenses,
154. of modes, 158. quoted, 161. calls
the infinitive the verb's noun, 165.
quoted, 170. his definition of an adverb,
173. arranges adverbs by classes, accord-
ing to the order of the predicaments, 178.
explains the power of the article, 180.
quoted, 182. explains the different
powers of conjunctive particles, 188. of
disjunctive, 189. his singular explanation
of a verse in Homer, 190. quoted, 192,
196.
Gemistus, Georgius, otherwise Pletho, his
doctrine of ideas or intelligible forms, 232.
Genders, their origin, 129. their natural
number, ibid. (See Sex.) why wanting
to the first and second pronoun, 136.
Genus and species, why they (but not indi-
viduals) admit of number, 128.
Geometry, founded on what principles, 218.
that and arithmetic independent on ex-
periment, ibid. (See Science.) its subject,
what, 222. beholden for it to the mind,
how, ibid.

God, expressed by neuters, such as To
Delov, numen, &c. why, 132, 133. as
masculine, why, ibid. immutable, and
superior to time and its distinctions, 143.
allwise, and always wise, 204. immediate
objects of his wisdom, what, ibid, whom
among men he may be supposed to love,
ibid. form of forms, sovereign artist,
206, 207, 227. above all intensions and
remissions, 164, 220, 227. his existence
different from that of man, how, 220,
221. his divine attributes, ibid. his ex-
istence necessarily infers that of ideas or
exemplary forms, 226, 227. exquisite
perfection of these divine ideas or forms,
227. his stupendous view of all at once,
231. region of truth, 164, 231, 235. in
him knowledge and power unite, 228.
Good, above all utility, and totally distinct
from it, 203. sought by all men, ibid.
considered by all as valuable for itself,
ibid. intellectual, its character, ibid. See
Science, God.

Gorgias, 132.

Grammar, philosophical or universal, 117.
how essential to other arts, 118. how
distinguished from other grammars, 120.
Grammarians, error of, in naming verbs
neuter, 168. in degrees of comparison,
174. in the syntax of conjunctions, 186.
Greeks, their character, as a nation, 238.
Asiatic Greeks, different from the other
Greeks, and why, 239. Grecian genius,
its maturity and decay, ibid.
Greek tongue, how perfect in the expression
of modes and tenses, 160. force of its
imperatives in the past tenses, 162.
wrong in ranging interjections with
adverbs, 201. its character, as a language,
239, 241.

Grocinus, his system of the tenses, 154.