ABASE, [abaisser, F.] to cast down; to depress.

HUMBLE, [humus, the earth, L.] to reduce to a low state. DEGRADE, [de, down, gradus, a step, L.] to put out of office, state, degree, or dignity.

DISGRACE, [disgracier, F.]to put to shame; to turn out of favor. DEBASE, [baisser, F.] to reduce in estimation or value.

The proud should be abased; the lofty humbled; the unworthy become degraded; the vicious disgrace and debase themselves by their follies and vices.

ABASH, [ébatrir, to frighten, F.] to make ashamed; to cast down. CONFOUND, [con, together, fundo, to pour, L.] to throw into disorder or consternation.

CONFUSE, [confundo, L.] to hurry the mind.

Let the haughty be abashed; the ignorant, superstitious, and wicked, are frequently confounded; the modest, diffident, and weak, are frequently confused. So spake the Son of God, and Satan stood

Awhile as mute, confounded what to say.-(Milton.)

ABATE, [abattre, F.] to grow less; to mitigate.

DIMINISH, [diminuo, L.] to make or grow less in size, appearance, or quantity.

SUBSIDE, [subsido, to settle, L.] to sink or become lower. DECREASE, [decresco, L.] to grow less in size, amount, or quality.

LESSEN, [les, less, S.] to make smaller.

INTERMIT, [inter, between, mitto, to send, L.] to leave off for a while.

Pain, fever, passion, and ardor abate; the storm abates.

Crete's ample fields diminish to our eye.-(Pope).

Joys, tumults, commotions subside; numbers, days, stores decrease.
Nor cherished they relations poor,

That might decrease their present store.-(Prior.)

A thing lessens in weight, value; punishment, power, reputation may be lessened.

Kings may give to beggars, and not lessen their own greatness.—(Denham.) Diseases, fevers, intermit.

Pray to the gods to intermit the plague.-(Shakspere.)

ABETTOR, [betan, to push forward, S.] one that advises or assists another in doing an unlawful act.

ACCESSARY, [accedo, to join, L.] a person guilty of felony, not principally, but by participation; as in commanding, advising, or concealing.

ACCOMPLICE, [con, with, plico, to fold, L.] one that has a hand

or principal lead in a business; or that is privy to, and active in, the same design or crime with another.

Abettors propose, set on foot, encourage; accessaries assist, aid, help, further; accomplices execute, complete, perfect.

ABHOR, [abhorreo, L.] to hate extremely.

HATE, [hatian, S.] to bear ill-will to.

ABIDE-ABILITY.

DETEST, [detestor, to witness against, L.] to hate as mean.
ABOMINATE, [abominor, L.] to hate as sinful or vicious.
LOATHE, [lathian, S.] to feel disgust.

We abhor cruelty and inhumanity; hate pride and vice of all sorts; hate an oppressor; detest treachery and injustice; abominate impiety, profaneness, and indecency; loathe the sight of enormous offenders, offensive objects, and, when sick, food.

ABIDE, [abidan, S.] to tarry for a short time.

SOJOURN, [soggiornare, Ita.] to continue for some time in any place.

DWELL, [dvæler, Dan.] to abide permanently.

RESIDE, resideo, L.] to stay in a place for a long, though indefinite, period.

INHABIT, [inhabito, to dwell, L.] to occupy as a place of settled residence; to dwell.

Abide for a night; sojourn for a week; dwell in a house with continuance ; reside in a street or house for a season; inhabit a cottage, or place.

ABJECT, [abjicio, to throw away, L.] mean, contemptible.
MEAN, [mæne, common, S.] wanting dignity.
Low, [loh, a pit, S.] vulgar, groveling.

BEGGARLY, [piccaro, beggar, Ita.] poor, indigent.
PITIFUL, [pity and full,] sorry, despicable.

SORDID, [sordes, filth, L.] niggardly, paltry.

BASE, [bas, low, F.] dishonorable, wicked.

VILE, [vilis, L.] morally worthless.

Abject in spirit; mean in nature; mean action; low in birth, education, habit, and sphere of life; beggarly in turn of mind or appearance; pitiful in character; sordid in the love of gain; base traitor; vile malefactor.

ABILITIES, [habilitas, L.] qualifications; faculties of the mind.
INGENUITY, [ingenuité, F.] power of invention.

CLEVERNESS, [gleaw, skilful, S.] dexterity, skill.
PARTS, [pars, L.] mental talents.

He had great abilities, ingenuity of invention, cleverness to perform, and parts to discern.

ABILITY, [habilitas, L.] active power, whether bodily or mental. CAPACITY, [capacitas, L.] aptness to receive or contain knowledge; passive power.

TALENT, [talentum, L.] genius, gift of nature.

FACULTY, [facultas, L.] power to perform an action, or to receive and modify a perception: as, seeing, hearing, speaking, remembering, imagining, &c.

POWER, [potentia, L.] force; energy of mind.

DEXTERITY, [dexter, right, prompt, L.] readiness of limbs; activity of mind; promptness in devising expedients.

SKILL, [scylan, to distinguish, S.] familiar knowledge of any art or science, united with dexterity of performance and readiness of application.

8

ABJURE-ABRIDGE.

ADDRESS, [dirigo, to direct, L.] skilful management.

Ability to discern, act, execute, mentally or corporeally; capacity to understand, comprehend, retain; talent for some particular art, office, or profession; faculty of seeing, hearing, understanding, explaining; power of thinking, acting, &c.; dexterity to elude a blow, to handle an instrument; skill in executing; address to conduct a negotiation.

ABJURE, [abjuro, to deny upon oath, L.] to renounce with solemnity.

RECANT, [recanto, to recall, L.] to contradict a former de

claration.

RETRACT, [retraho, to draw back, L.] to withdraw a charge or

assertion.

REVOKE, [revoco, to call back, L.] to repeal, or make void.
RECALL; to call back, or call home.

Men abjure a religion, or faith; recant an opinion, principle, or doctrine; retract a promise; revoke a decree; recall an expression; recall our words.

ABLE, [habilis, L.] capable to perform.

SKILFUL, [skill and full,] experienced in.

LEARNED, [learnian, to learn, S.] versed in literature, science, or the arts.

An able lawyer; a skilful mathematician; a learned historian.

ABOLISH, [abolir, F.] to destroy utterly; to put an end to. ABROGATE, [abrogo, to repeal, L.] to annul by an act of authority.

REVOKE; to reverse; to recall.

REPEAL, [rappeler, to recall, F.] to make void by a legislative

enactment.

ANNUL, [annuller, F.] to reduce to nothing.

CANCEL, [cancello, L.] to deface; to reduce to nothing.

Abolish a custom; abrogate a law; revoke an edict; repeal a statute; annul a contract; cancel an obligation or a debt.

ABOMINABLE, that is to be abhorred, or hated.

DETESTABLE, very odious.

EXECRABLE, [execror, to curse, L.] deserving to be cursed;

hateful in the last degree.

Abominable person, or action; detestable tyrant, or action, (worse than abominable;) execrable monster, or wretch.

ABOVE, [abufan, S.] aloft, over head.

OVER, [ofer, S.] rising_higher than the top.
UPON, [ufan, S.] placed on the top or surface.

BEYOND, begeond, S.] at a distance not yet reached; farther

than a given limit.

The waters rose above their channels, overflowed the banks, and rested upon the hills far beyond their native coasts.

ABRIDGE, [abréger, F.] to express in fewer words, still retaining the sense and substance.

ABRIDGEMENT-ABSENT.

9

CURTAIL, [ court, short, tailler, to cut, F.] to cut off; to shorten. CONTRACT, [contracter, F. of contraho, L.] to draw into a less compass; to shrink.

SHORTEN, [Sceort, S.] to diminish in length.

DEPRIVE, [de, from, privo, to take away, L.] to take away something possessed or enjoyed.

DEBAR, [from bar,] to exclude; to hinder.

BEREAVE, [bereafian, S.] to deprive by death.

STRIP, [streifen,] to make destitute; to divest.

Abridge in quality, or substance; curtail in number; contract the sphere of action; contract in dimensions; abridge rights, privileges; curtail joys, advantages; shorten days, labours, life.

Deprived of liberty; debarred of privilege; abridged of comforts.

Bereaved of our children; deprived of our pleasures; stripped of our possessions.

ABRIDGEMENT, [abrégé, F.] a short account of a book, writing,

or matter.

COMPENDIUM, [L.] a brief composition containing the general principles of a large work.

EPITOME, [epi, upon, temno, to cut, Gr.] a writing or discourse contracted into a narrower compass.

SUMMARY, [Sommaire, F.] a concise account.

ABSTRACT, [abstraho, to draw from, L.] a small draught of any greater work.

Abridgement of a work; compendium of science, or knowledge; epitome of events; summary of history; abstract of a treatise or of judicial proceedings; an abstract is smaller than an abridgement.

ABRUPT, [abruptus, broken off, L.] sudden; hasty; rough; un

seasonable.

RUGGED, [rugosus, rough, L.] uneven; also severe, cross, austere.
ROUGH, [hreoh, S.] uneven, harsh, uncivil, coarse.
Abrupt precipice, words, manners, behavior, departure, style.

Resistless, roaring, dreadful, down it comes,

From the rude mountain, and the mossy wild,
Tumbling through rocks abrupt.—(Thomson.)
Abrupt, with eagle speed she cut the sky,
Instant invisible to mortal eye.-(Pope.)

Rugged path, temper, disposition, humor; rough stone, action, deportment.

ABSCOND, [abscondo, to conceal, L.] to withdraw; to absent one's-self in a private manner.

STEAL AWAY, to get away secretly.

SECRETE ONE'S-SELF; to get into some secret place unper

ceived.

The fraudulent abscond; the detected thief steals away; cowards, fugitives, vagabonds secrete themselves.

ABSENT, [absens, L.] not present, out of the way.

ABSTRACTED, [abstractus, L.] drawn or separated from all objects.

10

ABSOLVE-ABSORB.

DIVERTED, [diverto, to turn aside, L.] turned aside from the object that is present.

DISTRACTED, [distraho, to draw apart, L.] drawn asunder by different objects.

INATTENTIVE, heedless, careless, negligent, regardless.

A man is absent or abstracted when, instead of thinking of the present company or conversation, his mind is occupied by some distant and foreign subject; diverted, when listening to other discourse than that addressed to him; distracted, by listening to the discourse of more than one person at a time; and inattentive, when he does not fix his mind steadily on an object. ABSOLVE, [absolvo, L.] to release from liability to punishment on account of sin.

ACQUIT, [acquitter, F.] to discharge from an accusation.
CLEAR, [claer, bright, W.] to exonerate.

FORGIVE, [forgifan, S.] to overlook an offence, and treat the offender as not guilty.

PARDON, [pardonner, F.] to excuse an offender.

REMIT, [remitto, to send back, L.] to surrender the right of punishing.

Absolved from sin by the mercy of God; acquitted of a charge by men; cleared from guilt; forgive offences; pardon criminals; remit punishment. Mutually forgive each other's offences, that God may pardon your transgressions, absolve you from guilt, and remit the punishment due to your sins. ABSOLUTE, [absolutus, absolved, L.] free from the power of another; that has perfection in itself; unlimited.

DESPOTIC, [despotique, F.] uncontrolled by men, constitution or laws, supreme.

ARBITRARY, [arbitrarius, L.] that which is voluntary, or that

depends wholly on one's will or choice, not governed by any fixed rules.

TYRANNICAL, [tyrannus, L.] imperious, unjustly severe. POSITIVE, [positivus, L.] not negative; capable of being affirmed. PEREMPTORY, [peremptus, taken away, L.] determinate; such as precludes all further expostulation.

DEFINITE, [definitus, L.] certain, exact.

CONFIDENT, [confido, to trust in, L.] affirmative, assured.
DOGMATICAL, [dogma, opinion, L.] authoritative, magisterial.
ACTUAL, [actualis, L.] existing truly and absolutely.
REAL, [realis, L.] true, genuine, not fictitious.

Absolute monarch; despotic power of government; arbitrary measures; tyrannical proceedings.

A positive good; a positive answer; absolute command, decree; peremptory refusal.

Definite instructions; a positive command.

Confident in ability; dogmatical in opinion; positive in assertion.

Actual state; real grief; positive fact.

ABSORB, [sorbio, to drink in, L.] to imbibe; to waste or consume;

to engage wholly.

SWALLOW UP, [swelgan, S.] to seize and waste.