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EPISTOLA I.

PRIMA dicte mihi, fumma dicende camena, Spectatum fatis, et donatum jam rude, quæris, Macenas, iterum antiquo me includere ludo,

Non eadem eft ætas, non mens.

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Veianius, armis

Herculis ad poftem fixis, latet abditus agro; Ne populum extrema toties exoret arena,

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NOTES.

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VER. 1. whofe love] Equal to the affection which Horace in the original profeffes for Mecenas. It has been suspected that his affection to his friend was so strong, as to make him refolve not to outlive him; and that he actually put into execution his promise of ibimus, ibimus. Od. xvii lib. 3. Both died in the end of the year 745; Horace only three weeks after Mecanas, November 27. Nothing can be fo different as the plain and manly style of the former, in comparison of what Quintilian calls the calamistros of the latter, for which Sanctorius and Macrobius, cap. 86. say Auguftus frequently ridiculed him, though Auguftus himself was guilty of the fame fault; as when he said, vapidè fe habere for malè. WARTON.

VER. 3. Sabbath of my days?] i. e The 45th year, the age of the Author. WARBURTON. VER. 8. Hang their old Trophies o'er the Garden gates,] An oc cafional ftroke of Satire on ill-placed ornaments. He has more openly ridiculed them in his Epifile on Tafte;

"Load fome vain Church with old theatric state,

Turn Arcs of Triumph to a Garden gate.” WARBURTON. He is faid to have alluded to the entrance of Lord Peterborough's Lawn at Bevifmount, near Southampton.

There

EPISTLE I.

TO LORD BOLINGBROKE.

ST. JOHN, whofe love indulg'd my labours past,
Matures my prefent, and fhall bound my laft!
Why will you break the Sabbath of my days?
Now fick alike of Envy and of Praise.

Public too long, ah let me hide my Age!
See modest Cibber now has left the Stage:

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Our Gen'rals now, retir'd to their Estates,

Hang their old Trophies o'er the Garden gates,
In Life's cool Ev'ning fatiate of Applause,

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Nor fond of bleeding, ev'n in BRUNSWICK's caufe. A Voice

NOTES.

There is more pleasantry and humour in Horace's comparing himfelf to an old gladiator, worn out in the fervice of the public, from which he had often begged his life, and has now at last been difmiffed with the ufual ceremonies, than for Pope to compare himself to an old actor or retired general. Pope was in his fortyninth year, and Horace probably in his forty feventh, when he wrote this Epiftle. Bentley has arranged the writings of Horace in the following order He compofed the first book of his Sa. tires between the twenty-fixth and twenty eighth year of his age; the fecond book, from the year thirty-one to thirty-three; next, the Epodes, in his thirty-fourth and fifth year; next, the first book of his Odes, in three years, from his thirty-sixth to his thirty eighth year; the second book in the two next years; then the first book of the Epistles, in his forty-fixth and seventh year; next to that, the fourth book ofis Odes, in his forty-ninth year : laftly, the Art of Poetry, and fecond book of the Epift es, to which an exact date cannot be affigned. WARTON.

VER. 10. ev'n in BRUNSWICK's caufe.] In the former Editions it was Britain's caufe. But the terms are fynonimous. WARBURTON.

'Eft mihi purgatam crebro qui perfonat aurem ; Solve fenefcentem mature fanus equum, ne Peccet ad extremum ridendus, et ilia ducat. Nunc itaque et verfus, et cætera ludicra pono: Quid i verum atque dicens, curo et rogo, et amnis in hoc fum:

* Condo, et compono, quæ mox depromere poffim.
Ac ne forte roges,' quo me duce, quo Lare tuter:
Nullius addictus jurare in verba magistri,
Quo me cunque rapit tempeftas, deferor hofpes.
Nunc agilis fio, et merfor civilibus undis,
Virtutis veræ cuftos, rigidufque fatelles :

NOTES.

Nunc

VER. 15. Left fiff] He has excelled Boileau's imitation of these verses, Ep. 10. v. 44. And indeed Boileau himself is excelled by an old French Poet, whom he has frequently imitated, that is, Le Frefnaie Vauquelin, whofe Poems were published 16:2. Vauquelin fays, that he profited much by reading the Satires of Ariofto; he also wrote an Art of Poetry; one of his best pieces is an imitation of Horace's Trebatius, being a dialogue between himself and the Chancellor of France. WARTON.

VER. 16. You limp, like Blackmore on a Lord Mayor's horse.] The fame of this heavy Poet, however problematical clsewhere, was univerfally received in the City of London. His verification is here exactly described: ftiff, and not ftrong; ftately, and yet dull, like the fober and flow-paced Animal generally employed to mount the Lord Mayor: and therefore here humorously oppofed to Pegasus. POPE.

VER. 26. And house with Montagne now, or now with Locke.] i. e. Chufe either an active or a contemplative life, as is most fitted to the feafon and circumftances. For he regarded these Writers

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f A Voice there is, that whispers in my ear, ('Tis Reason's voice, which sometimes one can hear,) "Friend Pope! be prudent, let your Mufe take "breath,

"And never gallop Pegafus to death;

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"Lest stiff, and stately, void of fire or force,

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"You limp, like Blackmore on a Lord Mayor's

"horfe."

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Farewell then Verse, and Love, and ev'ry Toy, The Rhymes and Rattles of the Man or Boy;

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What right, what true, what fit we justly call,
Let this be all my care-for this is All:

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To lay this harvest up, and hoard with hafte

What ev'ry day will want, and most, the last.

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But ask not, to what 1 Doctors I apply?

Sworn to no Mafter, of no Sect am I:

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As drives the " ftorm, at any door I knock:

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And house with Montagne now, or now with Locke.
Sometimes a " Patriot, active in debate,

Mix with the World, and battle for the State,
Free as young Lyttelton, her cause pursue,
Still true to Virtue, ° and as warm as true :

NOTES.

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Sometimes

as the best Schools to form a man for the world; or to give him a knowledge of himfelf: Montagne excelling in his observations on focial and civil life; and Locke, in developing the faculties, and explaining the operations of the human mind. WARBURTON.

VER. 29. Free as young Lyttelton,] A just, and not overcharged encomium, on an excellent man, who had always ferved his friends with warmth, (witness his kindness to Thomson,) and his country with activity and zeal. His Poems and Dialogues of the Dead are

written

Nunc in Ariftippi furtim præcepta relabor,
*
Et mihi res, non me rebus, fubjungere conor.

Ut nox longa, quibus mentitur amica; diefque
Lenta videtur opus debentibus: ut piger annus
Pupillis, quos dura premit cuftodia matrum :
Sic mihi tarda fluunt ingrataque tempora, quæ spem
Confiliumque morantur agendi gnaviter 3 id, quod
Æque pauperibus prodeft, locupletibus æque,

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que neglectum pueris, fenibufque nocebit.

Reftat, ut his ego me ipfe regam " folerque ele

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written with elegance and eafe; his obfervations on the Converfion of St. Paul, with clearness and clofenefs of reasoning; and his Hiftory of Henry II. with accuracy and knowledge of thofe early times and of the English Conftitution; and which was compiled from a laborious fearch into authentic documents, and the records lodged in the Tower and at the Rolls. A little before he died, he told me, that he had determined to throw out of the collection of all his works, which was then to be published, his first juvenile performance, the Perfian Letters, written 1735, in imitation of thofe of his friend Montefquieu, whom he had known and admired in England, in which he faid there were principles and remarks that he wished to retract and alter. I told him, that notwithstanding his caution, the bookfellers, as in fact they have done, would preferve and infert these letters Another little piece, written alfo in his early youth, does him much honour: the Obfervations on the Life of Tully, in which, perhaps, a more dif paffionate and impartial character of Tully is exhibited than in the panegyrical volumes of Middelton.

WARTON.

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