CONTENTS.

Cautious Reserve - Mirò and the South Carolina Com-

pany-Miro's Suggestions-Spain and the Half-Breed M'Gil-

livray-The Cabildo's Memorial to the King-Apprehensions

of an English War-Negotiations between Spain and the

United States-Failure of Miro's Schemes-Revenue of

Louisiana in 1790-Mirò's Departure-Spanish Domination

growing popular,

ix

Page

257

CHAPTER VI.

CARONDELET'S ADMINISTRATION.

1792 to 1797.

Carondelet's Administration-Factions in the Colony-Capture

of Wm. Augustus Bowles-Life of Wm. Augustus Bowles-

M'Gillivray's Death-M'Gillivray's Character-Extension of

Commercial Franchises-Jacobinism in Louisiana-Caron-

delet's Defensive Measures-Fortifications at New Orleans-

Spanish Alliance with the Indians-Carondelet's Policy and

Views Interference between Debtors and Creditors-Caron-

delet favors the Natchez District-Emancipation of Indian

Slaves-Great Conflagration in New Orleans—Address of

French Jacobins-Intrigues of Genet-Military Resources of

the Colony-De la Chaise's Address-De la Chaise's Death

-Renewal of Wilkinson's Schemes-Etienne de Boré, the

First Sugar Planter-Carondelet's Proclamation-The Caron-

delet Canal-Encouragement to Emigrants-A Slave Con-

spiracy-The Madrid Treaty of 1795-Spanish Intrigues in

the West-Power, the Agent of Carondelet-Carondelet's

Propositions-Carondelet's Appeal to Wilkinson-Failure of

Carondelet's Schemes-War declared against England-

Gayoso and Ellicott-Gayoso's Subterfuges-Excitement in

the Natchez District-The Committee of Public Safety-

Gayoso's Concessions-Intendant Rendon's Despatch-Tak-

ing of the Balize by the French-Improvements in New

Orleans-First Appearance of Yellow Fever-Bishop Penal-

vert's Despatch-General Victor Collot-The New Orleans

Fortifications-The Inhabitants of the Illinois District-

General Collot's Arrest-The End of Carondelet's Adminis-

tration, .

. 312

CHAPTER VII.

GAYOSO'S ADMINISTRATION.

1797 to 1799.

CASA CALVO'S ADMINISTRATION.

1799 to 1801.

Gayoso's Administration-Gayoso's Bando de Buen Gobierno-

Illustrious Strangers in 1798-Duke of Orleans and his

Brothers-Captain Guion at Natchez-Formation of the Mis-

sissippi Territory-Count Aranda's Prophecy-Reflections on

General Wilkinson-Change in Gen. Wilkinson's Views-

Daniel Clark appointed Consul-Intendant Morales and his

Measures-Morales quarrels with Gayoso-Morales' Despatch

--Morales' Complaints-Morales and Wilkinson-Fine im-

posed on Carondelet-Gayoso's Death-Census of Upper

Louisiana-Casa Calvo appointed Governor-Bishop Penal-

vert's Complaints-Designs of the Americans on Louisiana-

Bonaparte and Louisiana-Pontalba's Memoir-Treaty of St.

Ildephonso,

Page

. 386

CHAPTER VIII.

SALCEDO'S ADMINISTRATION.

1801 to 1803.

Rufus King's Despatch-Mr. Madison to Mr. Pinckney-Treaty
between Spain and France-Livingston's Despatch to Rufus
King-Revolutionary Spirit in the Colony-Dread of the
Americans-Morales' Proclamation in 1802-Mr. King on the
Cession of Louisiana-Livingston to Talleyrand-Livingston
to Madison-Treaty of Amiens- Mr. Madison to Mr. Living-
ston-Mr. King and Lord Hawkesbury-Livingston's Exer-
tions in France-His Views on the Cession of Louisiana-Mr.
Livingston's Negotiations-Livingston and Joseph Bonaparte
-Daniel Clarke and General Victor-Talleyrand's Assur-
ances-The Right of Deposit at New Orleans-Madison's
Despatch on Colonial Officers-The President to Congress-
The President to Monroe-Debates in Congress-Mr. Ross in

CONTENTS.

the Senate The House of Representatives to the Senate-

Mr. Ross's Resolutions-Mr. White's Speech in the Senate-

Mr. White in the Senate-Mr. Jackson in the Senate-Mr.

Cooke in the Senate-Mr. Morris in the Senate-Mr. Clinton

in the Senate Mr. Breckenridge's Resolutions in the Senate

-Mr. Griswold's Resolutions in the House-Mr. Randolph's

Motion in the House-Mr. Madison's Despatch to Livingston

-Livingston's Propositions to Talleyrand-Credentials to

Monroe and Livingston-Mr. Livingston's Energetic Address

-Mr. King and Mr. Addington-Livingston's Dealings with

Talleyrand-Talleyrand shrugs his Shoulders-Barbé Mar-

bois's Walk in the Garden-The Struggle of the Diplomatists

-What is Louisiana worth ?-The Negotiation fairly opened-

The Way to make a Bargain-Barbé Marbois' Diplomacy

-Bonaparte and his Advisers-M. Marbois in Cabinet Coun-

cil-Decrès in the Council-Bonaparte in the Council-Treaty

of Cession to the United States-Diplomatic Hand-Shaking--

Bonaparte's Prophecy, .

хі

Page

447

CHAPTER IX.

SALCEDO'S ADMINISTRATION.

1801 to 1803.

Importance of the Cession-Talleyrand's Way of Explaining—

Was West Florida ceded?-French View of the Question-

Spain's Protest-Mr. Madison on the Protest-Casa Irujo to

Mr. Madison-Madison to Pinckney-The French Chargé on

the Protest-The President's Message in 1803-Debates in

Congress-Mr. White in the Senate-Mr. Pickering in the

Senate Mr. Tracy in the Senate-Mr. Breckenridge in

the Senate-John Quincy Adams in the Senate-Mr. Gris-

wold in the House-Arguments of his Opponents-Thomas

Randolph in the House-Mr. Griswold in the House-Mr.

Dana in the House-Mr. Thomas Randolph in Reply-Mr.

John Randolph in the House-Resolutions adopted-What

Bills finally adopted,

. 527

CHAPTER X.

SALCEDO'S ADMINISTRATION.

1801 to 1803.

Morales and Casa Irujo in Conflict-Intended Reorganization of

the Colony-The Colonial Prefect Laussat-Fears of the

Colonists-The French coldly received-Laussat on the

State of the Colony-Laussat on the Right of Deposit-Laus-

sat's Proclamation-Address of the Planters-Address of the

Inhabitants of New Orleans-Spanish Commissioners' Pro-

clamation-Laussat's Despatch to his Government-Laussat's

Discontent-Quarrels between Burthe and Laussat-News of

the Cession to the United States-Possession given to the

French-Laussat's Proclamation-New Organization of the

Colony-Withdrawal of the Spanish Troops-Laussat's Ver-

sion of what happened-The First Mayor of New Orleans-

Laussat's Preparations-Laussat's Embarrassment-Laussat

and the Disaffected Militia - Laussat's Distrust of the

Page

Spaniards-Laussat's Excitement - Review of Laussat's

Course-Splendid Festivities-Claiborne and Wilkinson's

Joint Commission-The Americans take Possession-Clai-

borne's Proclamation-Situation of the Colony in 1803-

Louisiana an Incumbrance to Spain-Concluding Remarks, . 576

APPENDIX, .

. 629

HISTORY OF LOUISIANA.

SPANISH DOMINATION.

CHAPTER I.

O'REILLY'S ADMINISTRATION.

1769 to 1770.

IN a preceding work on the French domination in Louisiana, I have related the cession of that colony to Spain in 1762, the attempt of that power to take possession of its new domain in 1766, the insurrection of the colonists in 1768, who drove away the Spaniards, the arrival of O'Reilly at New Orleans with overwhelming forces, to avenge the insult offered to his Catholic Majesty, the trial and punishment, on the 25th of October, 1769, of the leaders of the insurrection, and the final and complete occupation of the province by the Spaniards. The object of the present work is to record the history of Louisiana, as a Spanish colony, from 1769 to December 1803, when again her destinies were changed, and she was transferred to the United States of America.

O'Reilly, having secured the obedience of the new subjects of Spain, and having, by the terror which the blood he spilt had inspired, guarded against the repetition of any attempt, similar to the one which he had so severely