first prize of £150, for the best steam plough, and £75 for the best traction engine; to Messrs. Mereweather and Sons, London, the first prize of £75, for the best steam fire engine; to Messrs. Shand and Mason, London, a gold medal for ditto; to Messrs. Clayton and Shuttleworth, Lincoln, a gold medal for steam engine and thrashing machine; to Messrs. Hornsbys, of Grantham, gold medal for ditto; to Messrs. Ransomes and Sims, of Ipswich, gold medal for ditto; to Messrs. Garrett and Sons, LeistonSaxmundham, gold medal for ditto; to Messrs. Smyth and Sons, Peasenhall. gold medal for drills; to Messrs. Russell and Sons, Wednesbury, gold medal for tubes. The jurors also award silver medals to the following firms:-Robey and Co., Lincoln, for threshing machine and engine; Bentall, of Heybridge, for chaff machines, &c.; Mr. Kent, London, for domestic contrivances; Mr. Nicholson, of Newark, for horse rake; Messrs. Furness, Ipswich, for steam engine, threshing machine, and mills; the Reading Iron Works, Reading, for steam engine, threshing machine, and horse works; Mr. Robert Boby, Bury St. Edmunds, for patent self-cleaning corn screens, and for patent double-action haymaking machine; Ruston and Proctor, Lincoln, for steam engine and threshing ma chine; Burgess and Key, London, for reaping machine; Messrs. Samuelson and Co., Banbury, for mowing machines; Woods and Cocksedge, for bean mill. Bronze medals are awarded to Messrs. Webb and Sons, Stowmarket, for the best leather driving bands; to Powis and Co., London, for steam sawing machinery; to Barrett and Co., Thirsk, for reaper; to Kemp, Murray, and Co., Stirling, for reaper; Gwynn and Co., London, for centrifugal pumps. Honourable mention to Mr. Goodcher, Worksop, for threshing machine beaters. This list, in which almost all the first and most important prizes awarded in the agricultural machine department are included, shows sufficiently that Great Britain still maintains her superiority over the rest of the world in this department.

Commerce.

has been already taken, and the proceedings of the committee, be reported to the house, accompanied by a recommendation that the government should, early in the new parliament, bring in a bill on the subject referred to the committee. Your committee have in conclusion to report that, in their opinion, it is not expedient to proceed further with either of the bills which have been committed to them."

Colonies.

Similar extrava

RAILWAYS IN VICTORIA.-The expressed intention of the Government to lease the Victorian railways as soon as they should have received sufficient information from home to enable them to see their way clearly, is the natural result of the expensive manner in which the arterial trunk lines have been executed. gance seems to have prevailed in New South Wales. Instead of starting, as would appear reasonable, from the head of the river navigation, the only two lines at present in working order from Sydney to Newcastle, lie, for the greater part of the way, side by side with a navigable tideway, and the available money has been already nearly exhausted at the time they have run themselves to a stand still among the intricacies of the Blue Mountains. It is difficult to say what number of years may be requisite to carry the Goulburn and Penrith lines effectually across The actual the highlands into the level of Riverina. cost of the Great Southern Railway from Parramatta Junction to Picton, and estimated cost from Picton to Goulburn, are given at £1,397,799. The actual cost of the Great Western Railway from the Parramatta Junetion to Penrith, and estimate cost from Penrith to Bathurst at £146,852; sums which are indeed at a reduced rate from those of Victoria, but which New South Wales has far less power of meeting. The case of Vietoria is not so desperate, but it is more owing to the facilities of the terrain than any superior wisdom. If the pass through which the line reaches Sandhurst had presented the same natural difficulties as the tangled preci

Paid

takings far more expensive than private ones. officials at fixed salaries will never work as efficiently and cheaply as individuals whose profit depends upon their success. They likewise offer an enormous field for politi cal jobbery."

CHEMISTS AND DRUGGISTS.-The following is the re-pices beyond Picton and Menangele, the terminus would port of the select committee of the House of Commons to never now have rested on the Murray. As it is favoured whom were referred the Chemists and Druggists Bill, by the fortunate depression in the dividing range, it and the Chemists and Druggists (No 2.) Bill:- Your has reached both Eclucea and Ballarat, but at a cost of committee have examined witnesses on the general ques eight millions. Against £404 808 which is set down as tions raised by the provisions contained in the two bills interest for the loan, and £116,912 working expenses, colcommitted to them, and have heard evidence in support lectively £521,720, the receipts for the year 1864 of the Chemists and Druggists (No. 1) Bill. Your com- amounted to £480,332, showing a deficiency of £41,388. mittee then passed the following resolutions:-1. That A colonial journal says:-" Experience has shown that no compulsory examination or registration under the Government railways are exposed to the same encumbills referred to the committee should be required of per-brances which make the greater number of public undersons now carrying on the trade of chemists and druggists. 2. That the bill do provide that no other person shall, after a day to be fixed by the bill, sell certain dangerous drugs, to be scheduled in the bill, unless he shall be examined and registered. By the adoption of the second resolution as an amendment to a proposal that persons compounding medicines from the prescriptions of medical men should also be examined, your committee decided against the principal provision contained in the Chemists and druggists (No. 1) Bill, and they accordingly resolved to proceed with the Chemists and Druggists (No. 2.) Bill. After several clauses of the bill were passed, considerable difficulty arose in providing for the first formation of the council to which the duty of regulating the examination of chemists and druggists was to be intrusted; and your committee, considering the advanced period of the session, were compelled to abandon the expectation of any useful result from a further consideration of the bill. Having, therefore, disposed pro forma, of the remaining clauses, they came to the following resolution:-"That inasmuch as there appears to be little prospect of any satisfactory termination to the labours of the committee in the present session, it is desirable that the evidence, so far as it

COTTON CULTIVATION IN QUEENSLAND.-It is now become a general belief that cotton will thrive best when grown on land which has been a few years under cultivation, and that it is not the best crop to put in new ground. One of the principal growers in this colony has left a considerable quantity of his last year's crop of Sea Island in, to test the opinion generally expressed that there is no need to sow every year, but so far he is not content with the result. He is of opinion that the time saved in planting is not equivalent to the great advantage of loosening and turning the soil, which is, of course, impossible when the plants are left in the ground. He has about fifty acres altogether under crop, and he hopes not to have less than a bale per acre. season that the larger sum of £10 per bale premium is given by Government, but is to be hoped that this will be extended another season or two. The Manchester Queensland Cotton Company has cleared 344 acres, of

This is the last

which 121 acres are under New Orleans cotton, which the consequent increase in the number of sheep the same looks well and promises to yield a good crop. The area extent of ground will keep. The grazing capabilities of under Sea Island consists of 33 acres, of which 15 are many of the runs have been doubled by fencing alone; plants of last year, which have been pruned. These are land which before only kept one sheep to two acres, is now loaded with bolls, and the quality is fully equal to that a sheep per acre, and keeping them in better condition sold last year at 4s. 6d. per lb. Three bales have already throughout the year, while on limited portions of the been picked, and it is estimated that the yield will best land, well subdivided, even two or three sheep to the average one bale per acre. The total area under cultiva-acre are kept all the year round, or nearly so, and this on tion is 154 acres, not quite so many as last year, but promis- the natural grasses, improved only by the long feeding ing much more satisfactory results. down and manuring of the sheep kept thereon. The gradual introduction of English grasses and clover has helped materially, in places, towards this improvement, but these do not spread much except when the land has been broken up.

FISH IN VICTORIA.-The extent of the Victoria fishing ground is immense. In Port Philip Bay there is an area of over 700 square miles, with a coast line of about 130 miles, well supplied with fish; and in Western Port Bay about 300 square miles, one immense fishing ground, and still more plentifully supplied with better fish, and with a coast line of 120 miles, including French and Phillip Islands. Both bays are landlocked, and in every way favourable for fishing. The following are the descriptions of fish found in these bays. Schnapper, from 2lbs. to 20 lbs., even 30 lbs.; rock cod, flat head, garfish, whiting, silver fish, mullet, gurnet, ling, perch, mackerel, butter fish, 10 lbs. to 20 lbs.; salmon trout, white salmon, bream, plaice, flounders, and kingfish, also crayfish, shrimps, and oysters. There is one immense bank, extending south and east from the eastern entrance of Western Port,

swarming with schnapper, rock cod, and other fine fish, that would of itself, even as far as now known, supply a large fishery. It has been ascertained that the banks extending to the eastward of King's Island, Rabbit Island, and Dorner Inlet, besides butterfish, jewfish, and others, abound in flounders of large size and of the finest quality; and as the straits average less than 45 fathoms, and with much sand and shell bottom, most favourable for trawling, it is only requisite to have proper boats to give as ample a supply in winter as in summer.

L'ASTRONOMIE AU XIXME. SIEOLE. Par M. A. Boillot. MINES IN SOUTH AUSTRALIA.-There are now seven 1 vol., 12mo. (Paris: Didier and Cie.) A carefully working mines on the peninsula, nearly all of which may executed history of the progress of astronomical science be said to be paying mines, viz., Moonta. Wallaroo, New from the earliest period to the present day, by a matheCornwall, Yelta, Karkarilla, Kurilla, and South Wal-matical professor who is also scientific editor of the Monilaroo. The Moonta is probably the richest mine in the world, standing almost unrivalled for the richness of its mineral deposits. It is stated that the monthly produce of ore varies from 1,500 to 1,800 tons, worth at least 20 per cent. of pure copper. Very rich black ore is also being raised from the mine, besides sulphides and carbonates of various per centages. Next in importance stands the Wallaroo mine, near Kadina, the quantity of ore raised from which nearly equals that of the Moonta, but the quality is inferior by 5 to 7 per cent. A large accession of strength has lately been received at this mine, sixty men, with their families, having just arrived from England.

SHEEP-FARMING IN VICTORIA.-Opinions are said to be changing as to the feeding capabilities of this country, and this principally because of the fencing and subdividing so many sheep-runs, as well as of the necessity for keeping small flocks by farmers on limited spaces of ground. Where the old system of shepherding on the open pasture is still followed there has been little or no improvement in this respect, but even by fencing alone the feeding capabilities of any tract of land are vastly increased. When driven to-and-fro in large numbers, the sheep trample under foot and destroy as much as they eat, and much of the food they do get is wasted in the exertion of walking much further than they otherwise would, and, when grass is scarce, in racing a-head for the little that is to be picked up, and when allowed to follow their own inclination, as they are within fences, there is no hurry or racing, no more travelling than is actually necessary, and little or no grass is so trampled upon as to be wasted. The loss from driving alone, even by the most careful shepherds, is considerable, and should not be overlooked in calculating the advantages of fencing-in a run. Thus, in estimating these the saving of wages is but a trifling benefit gained in comparison with the saving of grass and

teur Universel, and contained in a single volume of small size. The work is intended for general readers, contains all the principal facts relative to the subject which it treats, is clear of technicalities, is written in a lucid, pleasing style, and exhibits the utmost impartiality in treating of the labours and discoveries of the astronomers of foreign nations. In fact the English element is very prominent in M. Boillot's book: he not only does full justice to Newton, Flamstead, Halley, Bradley, Captain Cook, the Herschels, Hind, Airy, Nasmyth, Lord Rosse, and other Englishmen, but the entire volume shows that M. Boillot is very conversant with both the literature and science of our own country. The first chapter contains a short sketch of the labours and notions of the old astrologers, which will be very welcome to the general reader. Of Newton, M. Boillot speaks with the greatest enthusiasm:

"The great Newton, the creative mind, the precise thinker, and fruitful genius, meditating on Kepler's law and on the special movements of the moon, was dissatisfied with the result with which the science of his day furnished him. He saw that the force then called weight or heaviness might well extend to the moon, and he verified the truth of his idea. His mind, stimulated by this first success, assumed increased activity, and finished by dissipating all the clouds that had obscured the view of the grandest scientific discovery that was ever made-the principle of universal attraction." The chapter which records the services that have been performed for astronomical science by the combined efforts of the Observatories of Paris and Greenwich, aided by the astronomers of other countries, during the last ten years, and the observations on the consequences of the spectral analysis, are full of interest.

ANNUAIRE DE L'ECONOMIE POLITIQUE ET DE LA

STATISTIQUE. By Maurice Block. 1865. (Guillaumin and Cie, Paris.)-This modest annual, now in its twenty

Forthcoming Publications.

second year, contains a vast amount of information, well leaving a balance of 1,715 houses, or 15,676 sets of apart arranged and well printed, in a handy form, and at a ments, number corresponding to a population of abou moderate price. It is divided into four parts, the first 45,000 persons. The total increase in the number treating of France in general, the second of Paris in par- apartments created, by demolition and reconstruction, t ticular, the third of Algeria and the colonies-a new September last is given at 629,421, by far the larger por feature, introduced for the first time this year-and the tion being in the new or outlying districts of the city fourth of foreign states, besides supplementary matter. such as those of Popincourt, the Gobelins, the Observatory The wonderful changes which the city of Paris and the Vaugirard, Passy, Batignolles, Montmartre, the Butte Department of the Seine have undergone during the last Chaumont and Menilmontant. The chapter relative t twelve or fifteen years, and which are still in progress, Algeria and the colonies informs us that the Europea give a peculiar interest to that portion of the work which population of Algeria, which only numbered 700 in 183 trea's of the metropolis. We find the ordinary receipts had risen to 37,374 in 1841, and to 213,061 in 1863; i of the municipality for 1864 set down at very nearly a the year 1862 the French subjects numbered 118,804 hundred and twenty millions of francs, and estimated for and the natives of the European States 86,073; but th the current year at rather over a hundred and thirty mil. per centage of increase is in favour of the latter, althoug lions of francs. The principal items are the following:- the actual increase is slightly on the side of the Frenc Octroi duties, paid at the barriers of the city on articles immigration. The French army in Algeria amounted of ordinary consumption such as food, wine, oil, fuel, &c., 1861 to 63,786, and the civilians employed, and not i upwards of eighty-eight millions; market dues, nearly cluded in the general population given above, to 13,14 eight millions; water works, five millions and a half. or together equal to about 40 per cent. of the coloni In addition there are further ordinary, supplementary, and population. At the same period the native populati extraordinary receipts, making up the grand total revenue was about five millions and a-half. As regards commer of the municipality to upwards of one hundred and fifty- the returns are not encouraging, for the total of impo five and a half millions. The estimates are made to and exports had fallen from 167 millions of francs balance, so that the same sum represents the expenditure. 1858 to less than 139 millions in 1862. There wa The population of the city was, in 1861, 1,696,141, and however, an increase of about 40 per cent. in the expor the annual increase since, about 7,500 per annum, making of 1863, with a slight diminution of the imports. A eor a total of rather less than a million and three-quarters for parative table of the mercantile marine of the world w the current year. If we divide the gross total of the be interesting to English readers. It appears that whi above estimate by the total number of the inhabitants in Belgium there exists but one ton of shipping for eve of Paris, we find that the expenditure is equal to rather 162 inhabitants, the ratio in France is 1 in 38; in Spai more than eighty francs, or full £3 11s. per head. In the 1 in 18.4; in Sweden, 1 in 9.9; in the United Stat year 1863, the total of all expenses-ordinary, extra-1 in 6-1; in England and in Holland, 1 iu 5·5; in Gree ordinary, and supplemental-amounted to very nearly 1 in 4; in Norway, 1 in 2.1; in Hamburg and the the two hundred and ten millions of francs, or, on an average, Free Cities, 1 in 0.9; and in Bremen, 1 in 0.6. very nearly £5 per head. These figures are derived from the published reports of the Prefect of the Seine, and it must be remembered that they represent the municipal expenditure alone, exclusive of the general taxation of the empire. The ordinary expenditure of the current year is set down at equal to £3,385,845, the principal items being, in round numbers:-Annual interest on municipal debt, £537,150; expenses of the prefecture and twenty mairies, £124,000; collection of octroi dues, £310,000; National Guard, Gardes de Paris, &c., nearly £120,000; charitable institutions, £411,879; primary instruction, £178,924; survey and plan of Paris, £69,436; roads and quarries, £679,176; water and sewers, £103,288; promenades and plantations, £115,440; police, £495,573. The extraordinary and supplementary expenditure is estimated at equal to £2,837,756, of which sum £412,596 is devoted to further interest and charges on the city debt, and the greater portion of the remainder to the improvements and embellishments of the capital, the reconstruction of the abattoirs, and the completion of the roads and other works in those parts of the former banlieues which now form integral portions of the city. As regards the amount of indigence in Paris, the returns make a very satisfactory appearance. In 1832, it seems there was one person receiving public assistance to every 11.16 of the population; in 1838, it had fallen to one in 15-37; between that period and 1847 it had risen again to one in 13 or 14; in 1850, it had fallen to one in 16:38; and in 1851 it was only one in 18-47. The total number receiving relief in that year was 101,570, and the sum distributed was equal to £168,000, of which one-fourth was derived from testamentary and voluntary contributions. Deducting from this total the amount expended in medical assistance rendered at the homes of the poor, it appears that on an average each person relieved received about 27s., or three times as much as the average in the tenth year of the first republic. The number of houses demolished and constructed during the twelvemonth ending with September, 1864 in Paris, was as follows:-1,383 den olished, of which 271 were in consequence of municipal improvement, and 3,098 erected,

ART FOLIAGE. By James K. Colling, F.R.I.B.A The work will be divided into three parts, and consist of 1. An analysis of form, being a selection from the best i most useful geometrical ornaments, which have been us for decoration in the various periods of art, and in differ parts of the globe, with an analytical description and on parison of their various combinations. 2. A series studies from natural foliage-in the branch, the bad, leaf, the flower, and the fruit-accompanied by letter-pr description and wood-cuts. 3. A series of original des for foliated enrichments suited to the various branches the ornamental arts, including stone and wood carve painted decoration, inlaying in wood, stone, and mat wall papers, metal work, &c., accompanied by a deta description of each plate, explaining the sources from wi the designs have been derived, and an endeavour to elt date the principles which should guide the artist in signing from nature; the primary object being to how natural form was idealised by ancient and medis artists, and in what manner the same sources may be at appealed to, to gain new beauty and fresh inspiration

Notes.

THE PHILADELPHIA SKETCH CLUB offer a prize of 2. dollars for the finest work of art illustrative of the g American rebellion. Contributors must be, at the that they send in their contributions, residents of United States.

FRENCH ACADEMY OF INSCRIPTIONS AND BEL LETTRES.-The numismatic prize of this Acade founded by M. Allier de Hauteroche, has been awarde Mr. John Evans, for his work, published last year in i don, on the coins of the Ancient Britons.

属:

the

GREAT PRIZE IN VOLTAIC ELECTRICITY.-The French Government has just announced the renewal of the grand prize of 50,000 francs to be given, in five years' time, to the author of a discovery which shall render the voltaic Epile economically applicable as a source of heat, as a means of sighting, or otherwise, in chemistry, mechanics, or medicine. This prize was awarded, in September last, to M. Ruhmkorff, for the well-known apparatus which @bears his name. In case no invention deemed worthy of the honour should be brought forward within the time specified, the period may be prolonged for another five years by decree. The prize is, we believe, open to all the is world, but it is not so stated.

PARIS UNIVERSAL EXHIBITION OF 1867.-The minimum the proposal in the Conseils Généraux of the Puy-deamount of guarantee having been subscribed for, the Im-Dôme and of the Bouches-du-Rhône. The prefect of the perial Commission has added nineteen members to its Bas-Rhin had, in the meantime, pushed forward his body, as representatives of the guarantors provided for in scheme, and in 1859 he obtained the sanction of the the original decree. The list includes several names well departmental authorities. He then opened up correshe known in the financial and industrial world, as, for in-pondence with the Great Eastern Railway of France, but stance, Messrs. E. Perèire, P. Talbot, the Duc d'Albuféra, the negociations ended in nothing, and it was determined Baron James de Rothschild, Sallandrouze de Lamornaix to form local companies for the purpose, and in 1861 a fils, Desfosses, and Halphen. supplementary tax of twenty-six centimes (about a shilling in the pound), extending from 1861 to 1871, was made for the special purpose, and the work was commenced. On the 25th September, 1864, the first of these departmental lines, about forty-seven miles in length, was opened for traffic. The government recognised the importance of the new movement, the ministers of the interior and of commerce determined on framing a special law upon the subject, and a commission issued from the office of the latter minister to collect full information upon the subject. The example of the Bas-Rhin was soon imitated by its neighbour, the department of Haut-Rhin, in which a line from Hagueneau to Niederbroun was opened on the 18th, and another from Sainte Marie-auxCOST OF GREAT DRAINAGE WORKS.-In consequence of Mines to Schelestadt on the 29th of December last. The the terrible disasters which occurred in 1856, when the department of Sarthe has voted the means for carrying whole of the great basins of France were inundated, a out three such local lines. Ain, which is very badly off careful inquiry and surveys were made, and in 1858 a law as regards railway communication, is now engaged on the was passed for the carrying out such works as should question; and several other departments have adopted insure the towns which had suffered most against future the idea and are now occupied with its realisation. In that inundations. Works have been executed with that view of the Seine-inférieure surveys are being made for a line in forty-five towns, at an outlay of twenty-two millions of to connect St. Valery-en-Caux with the Rouen and Havre francs, or £880,000. As regards the great valleys, the railway, and which is intended to form part of a complete Imperial Government appointed an inspector-general for system which will unite the whole of the small places on those of the Seine, the Loire, the Rhone, and the Garonne, that coast with the trunk line in question. The results, in and the result of all the surveys and inquiries that have a financial point of view, can only be guessed at by the been made was made known to the Corps Legislatif by short experience of the line in the Bas-Rhin; this road M. Franqueville, the government commissioner, in the was opened for passengers on the 25th of September, and following words:"Are you aware, gentlemen, what it for heavy traffic, in part, on the 24th October, and comwould cost to reduce the level of the waters in these pletely on the 29th December last, when the weather was valleys, say two or three feet, during great inundations? very bad, and the conditions consequently disadvantageous. For the valley of the Loire it would require eighty-five The total receipts, from the 27th September to the 31st reservoirs, which would cost a hundred millions of francs December, were equal to £2,939, or, on an average, of (four millions sterling), and the same for that of the £320 for little more than of a mile. The profit reBhone. We have not dared to undertake such an enter-sulting is given at 2,000 francs per kilomètre, or about prise, to ask the country to make such sacrifices in order to prevent a misfortune that only occurs two or three times in a century." The valley of the Rhone was inundated in the years 1840, 1841, and 1856, and that of the Loire in 1846 and 1856. The opinion of those who have inquired into the subject is that such inundations cannot be attributed to any changes that may be made in the quantity or distribution of timber in the localities, but that the facts observed during eight or ten centuries prove that they are the result of a concurrence of a certain number of atmospheric circumstances which fortunately happens but seldom. Another conviction forced upon the Government engineers is that the plans proposed are of very questionable efficiency, and upon this head a report is promised of the results of all the examinations that have taken place under the general council of engineers having charge of the roads and bridges of the empire.

LOCAL RAILWAYS.-A very important problem, that of branch railroads connecting small places with each other, and with the main lines, is being resolved in France. The honour of the initiative belongs to the department of the Bas-Rhin, whose Conseil-Général, in 1858, came to the determination that it was desirable to create a second series of roads uniting the principal places in each commune, and to offer these to companies or local speculators for the formation of railroads. There was, however, considerable opposition, one party objecting that the funds of the road trust, as it would be called in England, could not properly be applied to the formation of roads to be converted into railways, and another, that local railroads were the mere dreams of theorists. Last year, however, the project obtained the support of the Ministers of State and of Agriculture, M. Rouher and M. Behic, who supported

£130 per English mile. The nature of the traffic is a
very important question. The Barr line has fifteen
stations, that is to say, one for each commune; this was
used by 70,000 persons, who paid a total of 60,293 francs,
or, on an average, 86 centimes per passenger. This is
tolerably conclusive evidence that the traffic of the line
was eminently local and independent of the general rail-
way traffic of the country. There is another proof in the
fact that the total of arrivals and departures at the station
of Strasbourg, on the main line, during the same period,
was only 47,768, which leaves 22,232 for the purely local
circulation, without taking into account those which may
have travelled for local purposes between the chief town
and intermediate stations on the truuk line. It is not in-
tended that great speed should be attained on these local
lines, and therefore the question of curves and gradients
becomes of smaller importance. In the Haute-Marne
the minimum radius is fixed at 250 mètres; in the Indre
it has been set at 300. The inclines adopted in the
Haute-Marne vary from 0.02 to 0·018 per mètre. Lastly,
some of the local lines will be worked by horses, while
the engines and carriages employed on the others are of
a smaller and less costly kind than those used on the
main lines. In the Bas-Rhin the expense of the new
roads has been 45.000 francs per kilomètre, while it has
cost the Great Eastern Company, which has become the
concessionaire of the line, 60,000 francs per kilomètre to
convert the new roads into railroads and provide machinery
and material. Thus the total cost of these local lines
may be taken roughly at an average of 115,000 francs
per kilomètre, while the Paris and Orleans cost 368,000
francs, and the Rouen line 404,000 francs per kilomètre.
It is not easy to exaggerate the results which may arise

Salmon Fishery Act (1861) Amendment (as amended by Furnaces-1590-R. A. Brooman.

the Select Committee, and on Re-commitment).

Sewage Utilization-Lords Amendments.

66 (x). Railway and Canal Bills-Eleventh Report of the General Kilns for firing porcelain-1582-R. A. Brooman. Committee.

322. Grand Jury Presentments (Ireland)-Abstract of Accounts of Steering apparatus for ships and vessels-1577-W. H. Harfeld.