SIP

SIR

(1)
(2.) SIPHON. See HYDROSTATICS, Part II.
Sec. XII. and XIII.

SIOULE, a river of France, which runs into the Allier; 2 miles N. of St Pourçain.

SIOUS. See Sioux.

SIOUT, a large, populous, and well built city of Egypt. It is the fee of a Cophtic bishop; has feveral molques; rains of an ancient amphitheatre, and fome Roman fepulchres. It is furrounded by fine gardens, and palm trees that produce the best dates in Egypt. It is the rendezvous of the Caravans to Sennaar. It lies 157 or 185 miles S. of Cairo, and 2 W. of the Nile. Lon. 31. 24. E. Lat. 27. 2. N.

SIOUX, or SIOUS, a powerful nation of N. American Indians, who inhabit the banks of the head-waters of the Miffifippi and Miffouri; and the islands of Lake Superior. They confift of 3 tubes, and can raife 9,500 warriors.

(1.) SIP. n. s. [from the verb.] A fmall draught; as much as the mouth will hold.She would to each one sip. One sip of this

Shak.

Will bathe the drooping spirits in delight, Milton. Beyond the bliss of dreams. (2.) StP, in geography, a fortrefs of Servia, call. ed alla Fort Elizabeth, on the S. bank of the Danube, near the Demikarpi, or Iron Gate, or Catarads of the Danube, where that river enters a ftrait, between two mountains, and falls over a rocky bottom, with most astonishing violence; notwithstanding which, expert feamen bred in the neighbourhood, will navigate veffels either up or down the cataract. In 1737, the imperialists were obliged to fink their fhips at this cataract, to prevent their being taken by the enemy. At this pals the houses are palifadced, and were for. merly barricaded with iron, whence one of the names. It is 4 miles E. of Orfova.

(1.) * To SIP. v. a. [sipan, Saxon; sippen, Dutch.] 1. To drink by small draughts; to take at one appofition of the cup to the mouth no more than the mouth will contain.

And sip with nymphs their elemental tea.

1. To drink in small quantities.~~ Every herb that sips the dew.

Pope.

Milton.

3. To drink out of —
They kim the floods and sip the purple
flow'rs.
Dryden.
(2.) * To Sir. v. z. To drink a fmall quan-
tity.-

Then sipping, offer'd to the next. Dryd. SIPGICON COUTEN, a town of Chinese Tar ty, in Hami. Lon. 113. 28. E. Ferro. Lat. 40. 10. N.

SIPHANOS,
PS. See SIFANTO.
SIPHANTO.)

SIPHNIL, the inhabitants of SIPHNOS.
SIPHNO, a town in the ifle of NAMPHIO.
SIPHNOS, in ancient geography, one of the
Cyclades, lying W. of Paros, famous for its fruits,
mines, and the licentioufnefs of the people. They
It is now
behaved with spirit in the Perfian war.
called SIFANTO. See SERIPHIL.

(:.) SIPHON. n. s. [cipov; sipho, Lat. siphon, Fr. A pipe through which liquors are convey

ed

SIPHONANTHUS, in botany; a genus of plants belonging to the clafs of tetrandria, and order of monogynia. The corolla is monopetalous, funnel-shaped; the tube is very narrow, and much longer than the calyx. There are 4 berries, each containing one feed. There is only one fpecies; viz.

SIPHONANTHUS INDICA, a native of the E.
See SIPUNCULUS, and

Indies.

SIPHUNCULUS.
SNAKE-STONE.

SIPIAS, a town of Afia, in Mongrelia, on a
river which runs into the Black Sea; 200 miles,
WNW. of Teflis, and 220 NNW. of Erivan.
SI-PING, a town of China, in Ho-nan.
SIPONTINES, the people of SIPONTUM.
SIPONTUM, SEPUNTUM, or SIPUs, in an-
cient geography, a town of Apulia, fo denominat-
ed from the great quantity of sepiæ, or cuttlefish,
that are thrown upon the coaft. Diomed was the
founder, after his return from Troy. (Strabo.)
It became afterwards a Roman colony. In the
carly ages of Christian hierarchy, a bishop was fix-
ed in this church; but, under the Lombards, his
fee was united to that of Beneventum. Being
again separated, Sipontum became an archiepif
copal diocefe in 1094, when it was fo ravaged by
the Barbarians, that it never recovered its fplen-
dour, but funk into fuch mifery, that in 1260 it
was a mere defert. Manfred therefore began in
1261 to build a new city on the fea-fhore, to
which he removed the few remaining Sipontines.
(See MANFREDONIA.) Sipontum lay a mile from
the fhore. Excepting a part of its Gothic cathe-
dral, fcarce one tone of the ancient city now re-
maine upon another.

* SIPPER. n. s. [from sip.] One that fips.
* SIPPET.”. J.. [sop, sip, sippet.] A fmall fop
SIPPORHÆ. See SEPHARVAIM.

SIPSAYS, a river of the United States, in Georgia which runs nearly parallel with the Abacoochee, and falls into the Tombeckbee, 38 miles above its junction with the Oakfufkee.

SIPUNCULUS, in zoology, a genus of the inteftina clafs of worms in the Linnæan fyftem. its characters are these: the body is round and elongated; the mouth attenuated and cylindrical; and the lateral aperture of the body rugged. There are two fpecies; one found under frones in the European feas, and the other in the Indian

ocean.

SIPUS. See SIPONTUM.

SIPYLUM, or ) an ancient town of Lydia, og SIPYLUS, Sa mountain fo named, near the Meander, anciently called Geraunius, from its frequent thunder ftorms. This town, with 12 others near it, were deftroyed by an earthquake in the reign of Tiberius. Strabo, 1. and 12. Paus, i, c, 20.

SIQUET, a fmall island, near the S. coat of Jersey miles SW. of Helier.

(1.) * SIR. n. s. [sire, Fr.; seignior, Ital.; senor. Spanish, senior, Lat.] 1. The word of respect in compellation.

Shak
Speak on, sir.
But, sirs, be fadden in the execution. Shak.
B 2

CAR.

45. 10. N.

Sir king,

a prodigy in painting. She painted in the This man is better than the man he flew. Shak. manner of her father and equalled him. She died --The ambassador said to him, Sir, let it not dif- in 1664. please you. Bacon. 2. The title of a knight or SIRAVAN, a town of Persia, in Chulitan, 18 baronet. This word was anciently so much held miles NNE. of Sufler. essential, that the Jews in their addresses expressed SIRBO, in ancient geography, a lake between it in Hebrew characters. -Sir Horace Vere, his Egypt and Palestine, now called Sebaket Bardoil. brother, was the principal. Bacon.

Plin. iv. c. 13. Sir Balaam bangs.

Pope.

SIRCAR. n. f. any office under the government 3. It is sometimes used for man.-

in Hindoftan. It is sometimes used for the state Your great judgment,

of goveroment itself, also for a province, or any In the election of a fir so rare.

Shak. number of Pergunnahs placed under one head in 4. A title given to the loin of beef, which one of the government books, for conveniency in keepour kings knighted in a fit of good humour.—He ing accounts. In Bengal, the under banyans of lost his roast-beef stomach, not being able to touch European gentlemen are called forcars. See Cir. 'a fir-loin which was served up. Addison.And the Atrong table groans

(1.) SIRE. n. (fire, Fr. fenior, Lat.] 1. A Beneath the smoking fir-loin. Thomson. father. Used in poetry. --It would be ridiculous, if a spit which is Atrong He, but a duke, would have his son a king, enough to turn a fir-loin of beef, should not be And raise his issue like a loving fire. Sbak. able to turn a lark. Swift.

A virgin is his mother, but his fire (2.) SIR, for distinction's fake, as it is now given The power of the most High. Milton's Par. Loft indiscriminately to all men, is always prefixed to Whoie fires, great part'ners in my father's the knight's Chriftian name, either in speaking or cares, writing to them.

Saluted their young king.

Prior. (3.) Sir, in geography, a river of Tartary, Whether his hvary fire he spies, which rises in the mountains about 160 miles W. Or meets his fpouse's fonder eye. Pope. of Kaskgar, and runs into the lake of Aral, in Lat. 2. It is used in common speech of beasts: as, the

horse had a good fire, but a bad dam. 3. It is used (4.) SIR ALBERT's Bridge, a small town of in composition: as, grand fire, great-grand-fire. Ireland, near a bridge so named, in the county of (2.) SIRE was a title of honour formerly given Donegal, Ulster; 120 miles from Dublin.

to the king of France as a mark of sovereignty. (s.) Sir Biby's ISLAND, a small island in Hud. (3.) Sire, was likewise anciently used in the son's Bay. Lon. 93. 40. E. Lat. 61. 55. N. same sense with sięUR and SEIGNEUR, and ap

(6.) SIR CHARLES HARDY'S ISLAND, an island plied to barons, gentlemen, and citizens. in S. Pacific Ocean, discovered by Capt. Car. (4.) S18 €, or Sire, in geography, a province teret, in 1767. It is level, green, pleasant, of con- of Abyffinia, about 25 miles square. It was some liderable extent, and abounds with wood. Lon. time ago united to Tigré, on account of the mil. 153• 32. E. Lat. 4. 50. S.

behaviour of its governor ; but was disjoined from (7.) SIR CHARLES SAUNDERS's, Islann, an it at the time Mr Bruce was in Abyffinia, with island in the S. Pacific ocean, discovered by Capt. the consent of Ras Michael, who beftowed the Wallis, in 1967. It is about 6 miles long from government of it upon his son. Its wettern boun. E. to w. and has a mountain of confiderable dary is the Tacazze. See ETHIOPIA, V 6. height in the centre, which seemed to be fertile. (5.) SIR E, a town of Abyffinia, capital of the The inbabitants are neither numerous, nor civic above province, larger than Axum : but the houlized. Lon. 151. 4. W. Lat. 17. 28. S.

ses are built of clay, and covered with thatch; (9.) Sir THOMAS Rowe's WELCOME, a large the roots being in the form of cones, which inbay in the N. part of Hudson's Bay.

deed is the mape of all those in Abyslinia. It SIRACUSE. See SYRACUSE.

stands on the brink of a very steep and narrow SIRADIA, a town of Great Poland, capital of valley, through which the road is almost impaffaa ci-devant palatinate so named, now in the poft ble. It is famous for a manufacture of cotton feflion of the K. of Prussia, with a castle, feated cloth, which passes for money throughout the on a plain, on the Warra; 62 miles NE. of War- whole province. At times, however, beads, neera, and sos N. of Cracow. Lon. 18.55. E. Lat. dles, antimony, and incense, will pass in the same

way. The country in the neighbourhood is ex. SIRAF, a town of Persia, in Laristan, on the tremely fine ; but the inhabitants fubject, by the N. coat of the Persian Gulf, chiefly inhabited by low ftuation, to putrid fevers. Lon. 38. o. E. Arabians, 30 miles SW. of Lar.

Lat. 14° 4' 35" N. SIRAN, a town of France, in the department *To SIRE. v.a. To beget; to produce.of the Herault, 15 miles SW. of St Pons.

Cowards father cowards, and base things fre ( 1.) SIRANI, John Andrew, an eminent hifto. the bafe.

Shak. rical painter, born at Bologna, in 1610. He was (1.) SIREN, in zoology, a genus of animals, a disciple of Guido. His Lapt Supper, at Rome, arranged by Linnæus in the class of amphibia and is much admired. He died in 1670.

the order of meantes. But Dr Gmelin has fince (2.) SIRANI, Elizabeth, daughter and disciple corrected the arrangement of that eminent zooloof the preceding. was born at Bologna, in 1638. gift, and ranked it under the genus Murena. See Before the reactied her Isth year, the wasreckoned. MURANA, N° 3 ; and Pb. 224. fig. 8.

(2.) * SIREN,

31. 32. N.

(2.) * SIREN. 22. S. [Latin.] A goddess who enticed men by finging, and devoured them; any mifchievous enticer.-

Sing, firen, to thyfelf, and I will dote. Shak. (3.) SIRENES, in fabulous hiftory, were (3.) The SIRENS, celebrated fongstresses, who were ranked among the demigods of antiquity. Hyginus places their birth among the confequences of the rape of Proferpine. Ovid makes them daughters of the river god Achelous by the Mufe CALLIOPE, or Melpomene. Their number was 3, and their names were PARTHENOPE, (who gave its ancient name to Naples), Lygeia, and Leucofta; or, as others fay, Molpe, Aglaophonos, and Thelxiope. Some make them half women and half fish; others, half women and half birds. There are antique representations of them ftill fubfifting under both thefe forms. Paufanias tells us, that the Sirens, by the persuasion of Juno, challenged the Muses to a trial of skill in finging; and these having vanquished them, plucked the gelden feathers from the wings of the Sirens, and formed them into crowns, with which they adorned their own heads. The Argonauts were diverted from the enchantment of their fongs by the fuperior strains of Orpheus: Ulyffes, however, had great difficulty in fecuring himself from their feduction. See Odyf. lib. xii. Some say, that the Sirens were queens of the iflands named SIRENUSÆ, and chiefly inhabited the promontory of Minerva, (See MINERVA PROMONTORIUM); upon the top of which that goddess had a temple, built by Ulyffes. Here there was a renowned acade. my, famous for eloquence and the liberal feiences; but at laft they abused their knowledge, to the corruption of manners, and enticed paffengers, who the reconfumed their patrimonies in riot and effiminacy. The place is now called MASSA. Some writers tells us of a certain bay, contracted within winding straits and broken cliffs, which, by the finging of the winds and beating of the waters, returns a delightful harmony, that allures the passenger to approach, who is immediately thrown against the rocks, and fwallowed up by the violent eddies. Horace calls idleness a Siren. But the fable may be applied to pleasures in general, which, if too eagerly purfued, betray the incautious into ruin. Mr Bryant says, that the Sirens were Cuthite and Canaanitish priests, who had founded temples in Sicily, which were rendered infamous on account of the women who officiated. They were much addicted to cruel rites, fo that the fhores upon which they refided were covered with the bones of men deftroyed by their artifices. Virg. En. lib. v. 864. All ancient authors agree, that the Sirens inhabited the coaft of Sicily. The name, fays Bochart, in the Phoenician language implies a fong firefs. Hence it is probable, fays Dr Burney, that they were excellent fingers, but of corrupt morals.

SIRENUSÆ, in ancient geography, 5 fmall iflands near Capræa, on the coaft of Italy, faid to have been anciently inhabited by the SIRENS. They are now called Galli. See GALLI, No 3. SIRET, a river of European Turkey, which runs into the Danube, 4 miles S. of Galaez.

SIREX, in zoology, a genus of animals belong ing to the clafs of infects, and to the order of

hymenoptera. The mouth has two ftrong jaws; there are two truncated palpi or feelers, filiform antennæ, an exferted, stiff, serrated Aing, a feffile, mucronated abdomen, and anceolated wings. There are 7 fpecies.

SIRGIAN, a town of Perfia, in Kerman, famous for its manufactures of stuffs, and beautiful pottery: 60 miles E. of Shirauz, and 105 SE. of Ifpahan.

(1.) SIRHIND, SERINDA, or SERINDE, a country of Hindoftan, N. of Delhi.

(2.) SIRHIND, or SERINDE, the capital of the above territory long famous for its filk manufac tures, and from whence that manufacture was twice brought to Europe. Procopius records that in the 6th century, in the time of Juftinian I. filk was brought from Serinda; and M. Condamine fays, that after the art had been loft in Europe, by the confufions of the times, it was again brought back in the 16th century, by the monks from Serinde. It is 140 miles SE. of Lahore, and 148 NW. of Delhi, or 195, as Dr Brookes has it. Lon. 75. 15. E. Lat. 29. 55. N.

SIRI, a mountain and town of Afia, in Thibet. Lon. 93. 45. E. Lat. 28. 5. N.

SIRIA, or a town of Afiatic Turkey, in the 'SIRJA, pachalic of Aleppo: 70 miles SE.. of Aleppo.

SIRIAN, a fea port town of Afia, in Pegu, on the Appoo, formerly a place of great trade, when in poffeffion of the Portuguefe. It has still confiderable trade with the British, French, and Dutch, It is 72 miles S. of Pegu, and 116 E. of Perfaim. Lon. 96. 50. E. Ferro. Lat. 16. 54. N.

*SIRIASIS. n. f. [Digi2015.] An inflammation of the brain and its membrane, through an exceffive heat of the fun. Di&.

SIRICIUS, pope of Rome, who fucceeded pope Damafus I. A. D. 384, to the exclufion of Urficinus. His Epifles are preserved in Conftant's col lection. He died A. D. 398.

SIRIES, Violante Beatrice, a celebrated Italian paintrefs, born at Florence in 1710. She became the difciple of Fratellini, then in high esteem, and made great progrefs under him, in crayons and water colours. She afterwards went to France, where the acquired the art of painting in oil, and executed several portraits of the nobility. her return to Florence, fhe was highly patronised by the grand duke. One of her chief performances is a picture of the whole imperial family.

On

SIRIK, a town of France, in the department of the Mofelle, and ci-devant duchy of Lorrain, feated on the Mofelle, 14 miles SE. of Luxemburg. It is defended by a castle feated on an adjacent hill; and has belonged to France fince 1643. Lon. 6. 38. E. Lat. 49. 36. N.

(1.) SIRINAĞUR, an extenfive rugged country of Afia, between Hindoftan proper and Thibet; bounded on the N. and NE. by the mountains of Thibet; on the SE. by Napaul; on the S. by Rohilla; on the SW. by Delhi, and on the NW. by Lahore.

(2.) SIRINAGUR, the capital of the above country. It is 70 miles ENE of Hurdwar, and 210 NNE. of Delhi, according to Mr Cruttwell; but Dr Brookes makes it only 160 N. of it. Lon. 78. 45. E. Lat. 30. 24. N.

(1.) SIRIS,

(1.) SIRIS, ancient name of the Nile. NILE, 5.

See

(2.) SIRIS, a river of Abyffinia. See EтHIOPIA, 6.

(3, 4.) SIRIS, an ancient town of Italy, in Mag. na Græcia, at the mouth of a river fo named, famous for a battle fought on its banks between Pyrrhus and the Romans. See ROME, 25. (5.) SIRIS, a town of Thrace, in Paeonia. SIRIUM, in botany; a genus of plants belonging to the clafs of tetrandria and order of monogynia. The calyx is quadrifid; there is no corolla; the ne&tarium is quadriphyllous and crowning the throat of the calyx; the germen is below the corolla; the ftigma is trifid, and the berry trilocular. There is only one species; SIRIUM MYRTIFOLIUM, the Myrtle-leaved Sirium.

(1.) * SIRIUS. n. f. [Latin] The dogftar. (2.) SIRIUS, in aftronomy, is a bright ftar in the conftellation Canis. See CANICULA N° 1. (3.) SIRIUS ISLAND, an ifland in the S. Pacific Ocean, about 18 miles in circuit; discovered by Lieut. BALE, in 1790. Lon. 162. 30. E. Lat. 10. 52. S.

SIRLET, Flavius, an eminent Roman engraver on precious ftones: his Laocoon, and reprefentations in miniature of antique ftatues at Rome, are very valuable and scarce. He died in

1737.

In

SIR-LOIN. . . See SIR, N° 1. Def. 4. SIRMIA, See SERMIONE. SIRMICH. See SIRMIUM. SIRMIO. See SERMIONE, N° 1. and 2. SIRMIUM, or SIRMICH, an ancient and celebrated town of Sclavonia, capital of a county fo named. The emperor Probus was born and kil led in it. (See PROBUS, and ROME, § 78.) 270, the emperor Claudius II, died in it, of the plague. In 1668, the Imperialists drove the Turks out of it. It is now ruinous, though a bishop's fee, founded fo early as the reign of Trajan. It is feated on the Bofweth; near the Save, 42 miles SE. of Effeck, and 27 NW. of Belgrade. Lon. 20. 19. E. Lat. 45. 13. N.

To SIRNAME. V. a. To give the family name; to give a new or additional name. (1.)* SIROCCO. n. f. [Italian; fyrus ventus, Latin.] The fouth-eaft or Syrian wind.

Forth rush the levant and the ponent winds, Eurus and Zephyr, with their lateral noise, Sirocco and Libecchio. Milton.

(2.) The SIROCCO, or SCIROCHO, is a periodical wind which generally blows in Italy and Dalmatia every year about Eafter. It blows from the SE. by E. it is attended with heat, but not rain; its ordinary period is 20 days, and it usually cea. fes at funfet. When the firocco does not blow in this manner, the fummer is almoft free from wefterly winds, whirlwinds, and forms. This wind is prejudicial to plants, drying and burning up the buds; though it hurts not men any otherwife than by causing an extraordinary weakness and laffitude; inconveniences that are fully compenfated by a plentiful fishing, and a good crop of corn on the mountains. In fummer, when the wefterly wind ceases for a day, it is a fign that the firocco will blow the day following, which ufually begins with a fort of whirlwind.

SIROD, a town of France in the dep. of Jura, 3 m. SSW. of Nozeroy, and 12 SE. of Poligny. SIRONG, or SERONGE. See SERONGE. *SIROP. See SIRUP.

SIROPUM, an ancient town of Egypt, mentioned by Pliny, supposed to be modern SiWA. SIROWY, a town of Hindoftan, in Agimere, 48 miles NW. of Cheitore, and 60 SE. of Agimere. Lon. 74. 23. E. Lat. 26. 1. N.

SIRPY, a town of Hindoftan, in the Myfore, 30 miles SE. of Chittldroog, and 65 N. of Seringapatam.

SIRR, or SIR. See SIR, N° 3.

* SIRRAH. n. f. [fir, ha! Minfkhew.] A com pellation of reproach and infult.

Go, firrah, to my cell. -Sirrah, There's no room for faith, troth, or Shakeft. honefty in this bofom of thine. Shak.-It runs in the blood of your whole race, firrah, to hate our family. L'Estrange.

Guess how the goddess greets her fon; Come hither, firrah; no, begone. Prior. SIRUM, a town of Perfia, in the province of Segeftan, 40 miles E. of Zareng.

The juice of

SIRUP. SIROP. n. J. [Arabick.]
vegetables boiled with fugar.-
Her words in firup laid of sweetest breath.
Sidney.

Not poppy, nor mandragora,
Nor all the drowsy firups of the world
Shall ever med'cine thee to that fweet fleep.
Shak.

SIRMOND, James, a learned French Jefuit, the fon of a magiftrate, born at Riom, in 1559. After studying at the college of Billom, he joined the fociety in 1576. In 1588, he began to tranflate the works of the Greek fathers, and to write Notes upon APOLLINARIS SIDONIUS. In 1590, his general Aquaviva fent for him to Rome to be his fecretary; which office he executed successfully for 16 years; vifiting libraries, ftudying antiquities, and confulting MSS. He alfo affifted Card. Baronius in his Ecclefiaftical Annals. returned to Paris, in 1606, where he published many works. Lewis XIII. appointed him his confeffor, in 1637. In 1645 he returned to affift-If they be boiled into the confiftence of a firup, at the election of a new general. He spent much and fet in a cool place, the effential falt of the of his time in collecting the works of the writers plant will fhoot upon the fides of the veffels. of the middle age, which he published with notes. Arbuthnot. His whole works amounted to 15 vols. folio, of which 5 are entirely his own. He died at Rome, 7th Oct. 1651, aged 92.

He